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Biography: Imam Bukhari (rh)

صحيح البخاري
Sahih Bukhari
كِتَاب فَرْضِ الْخُمُسِ
The Book of The Obligations of Khumus
بَابُ فَرْضِ الْخُمُسِ:
(1) Chapter. The obligations of Khumus.
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Hadith Number: 3091
حدثنا عبدان، اخبرنا عبد الله، اخبرنا يونس، عن الزهري، قال: اخبرني علي بن الحسين، ان حسين بن علي عليهما السلام اخبره، ان عليا، قال: كانت لي شارف من نصيبي من المغنم يوم بدر، وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم" اعطاني شارفا من الخمس فلما اردت ان ابتني بفاطمة بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم واعدت رجلا صواغا من بني قينقاع ان يرتحل معي، فناتي بإذخر اردت ان ابيعه الصواغين واستعين به في وليمة عرسي فبينا انا اجمع لشارفي متاعا من الاقتاب والغرائر، والحبال، وشارفاي مناخان، إلى جنب حجرة رجل من الانصار رجعت حين جمعت ما جمعت، فإذا شارفاي قد اجتب اسنمتهما وبقرت خواصرهما واخذ من اكبادهما، فلم املك عيني حين رايت ذلك المنظر منهما، فقلت: من فعل هذا، فقالوا: فعل حمزة بن عبد المطلب وهو في هذا البيت في شرب من الانصار، فانطلقت حتى ادخل على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وعنده زيد بن حارثة فعرف النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في وجهي الذي لقيت، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: ما لك، فقلت: يا رسول الله، ما رايت كاليوم قط عدا حمزة على ناقتي؟ فاجب اسنمتهما وبقر خواصرهما وههوذا في بيت معه شرب، فدعا النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بردائه فارتدى، ثم انطلق يمشي واتبعته انا وزيد بن حارثة حتى جاء البيت الذي فيه حمزة، فاستاذن فاذنوا لهم، فإذا هم شرب فطفق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يلوم حمزة فيما فعل فإذا حمزة قد ثمل محمرة عيناه فنظر حمزة إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ثم صعد النظر فنظر إلى ركبته، ثم صعد النظر فنظر إلى سرته، ثم صعد النظر فنظر إلى وجهه، ثم قال: حمزة هل انتم إلا عبيد لابي؟ فعرف رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم انه قد ثمل فنكص رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على عقبيه القهقرى وخرجنا معه".
Narrated `Ali: I got a she-camel in my share of the war booty on the day (of the battle) of Badr, and the Prophet had given me a she-camel from the Khumus. When I intended to marry Fatima, the daughter of Allah's Apostle, I had an appointment with a goldsmith from the tribe of Bani Qainuqa' to go with me to bring Idhkhir (i.e. grass of pleasant smell) and sell it to the goldsmiths and spend its price on my wedding party. I was collecting for my she-camels equipment of saddles, sacks and ropes while my two shecamels were kneeling down beside the room of an Ansari man. I returned after collecting whatever I collected, to see the humps of my two she-camels cut off and their flanks cut open and some portion of their livers was taken out. When I saw that state of my two she-camels, I could not help weeping. I asked, "Who has done this?" The people replied, "Hamza bin `Abdul Muttalib who is staying with some Ansari drunks in this house." I went away till I reached the Prophet and Zaid bin Haritha was with him. The Prophet noticed on my face the effect of what I had suffered, so the Prophet asked. "What is wrong with you." I replied, "O Allah's Apostle! I have never seen such a day as today. Hamza attacked my two she-camels, cut off their humps, and ripped open their flanks, and he is sitting there in a house in the company of some drunks." The Prophet then asked for his covering sheet, put it on, and set out walking followed by me and Zaid bin Haritha till he came to the house where Hamza was. He asked permission to enter, and they allowed him, and they were drunk. Allah's Apostle started rebuking Hamza for what he had done, but Hamza was drunk and his eyes were red. Hamza looked at Allah's Apostle and then he raised his eyes, looking at his knees, then he raised up his eyes looking at his umbilicus, and again he raised up his eyes look in at his face. Hamza then said, "Aren't you but the slaves of my father?" Allah's Apostle realized that he was drunk, so Allah's Apostle retreated, and we went out with him.


حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة
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Hadith Number: 3092
حدثنا عبد العزيز بن عبد الله، حدثنا إبراهيم بن سعد، عن صالح، عن ابن شهاب، قال: اخبرني عروة بن الزبير، ان عائشة ام المؤمنين رضي الله عنها، اخبرته ان فاطمة عليها السلام ابنة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" سالت ابا بكر الصديق بعد وفاة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ان يقسم لها ميراثها مما ترك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم مما افاء الله عليه.
Narrated `Aisha: (mother of the believers) After the death of Allah 's Apostle Fatima the daughter of Allah's Apostle asked Abu Bakr As-Siddiq to give her, her share of inheritance from what Allah's Apostle had left of the Fai (i.e. booty gained without fighting) which Allah had given him.


حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة
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Hadith Number: 3093
فقال: لها ابو بكر إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة فغضبت فاطمة بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فهجرت ابا بكر، فلم تزل مهاجرته حتى توفيت وعاشت بعد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ستة اشهر، قالت: وكانت فاطمة تسال ابا بكر نصيبها مما ترك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من خيبر وفدك وصدقته بالمدينة، فابى ابو بكر عليها ذلك، وقال: لست تاركا شيئا كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يعمل به إلا عملت به، فإني اخشى إن تركت شيئا من امره ان ازيغ فاما صدقته بالمدينة فدفعها عمر إلى علي وعباس، واما خيبر وفدك فامسكها عمر، وقال: هما صدقة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كانتا لحقوقه التي تعروه ونوائبه، وامرهما إلى من ولي الامر، قال: فهما على ذلك إلى اليوم، قال ابو عبد الله: اعتراك افتعلت من عروته فاصبته ومنه يعروه واعتراني.
Abu Bakr said to her, "Allah's Apostle said, 'Our property will not be inherited, whatever we (i.e. prophets) leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity)." Fatima, the daughter of Allah's Apostle got angry and stopped speaking to Abu Bakr, and continued assuming that attitude till she died. Fatima remained alive for six months after the death of Allah's Apostle. She used to ask Abu Bakr for her share from the property of Allah's Apostle which he left at Khaibar, and Fadak, and his property at Medina (devoted for charity). Abu Bakr refused to give her that property and said, "I will not leave anything Allah's Apostle used to do, because I am afraid that if I left something from the Prophet's tradition, then I would go astray." (Later on) `Umar gave the Prophet's property (of Sadaqa) at Medina to `Ali and `Abbas, but he withheld the properties of Khaibar and Fadak in his custody and said, "These two properties are the Sadaqa which Allah's Apostle used to use for his expenditures and urgent needs. Now their management is to be entrusted to the ruler." (Az-Zuhrl said, "They have been managed in this way till today.")


حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة
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Hadith Number: 3094
حدثنا إسحاق بن محمد الفروي، حدثنا مالك بن انس، عن ابن شهاب، عن مالك بن اوس بن الحدثان، وكان محمد بن جبير ذكر ليذكرا من حديثه ذلك فانطلقت حتى ادخل على مالك بن اوس فسالته عن ذلك الحديث، فقال مالك: بينا انا جالس في اهلي حين متع النهار إذا رسول عمر بن الخطاب ياتيني، فقال: اجب امير المؤمنين فانطلقت معه حتى ادخل على عمر فإذا هو جالس على رمال سرير ليس بينه وبينه فراش متكئ على وسادة من ادم فسلمت عليه ثم جلست، فقال: يا مال إنه قدم علينا من قومك اهل ابيات، وقد امرت فيهم برضخ فاقبضه فاقسمه بينهم، فقلت: يا امير المؤمنين لو امرت به غيري، قال: اقبضه ايها المرء، فبينا انا جالس عنده اتاه حاجبه يرفا، فقال: هل لك في عثمان وعبد الرحمن بن عوف والزبير وسعد بن ابي وقاص يستاذنون، قال: نعم فاذن لهم فدخلوا فسلموا وجلسوا، ثم جلس يرفا يسيرا، ثم قال: هل لك في علي وعباس، قال: نعم فاذن لهما فدخلا فسلما فجلسا، فقال عباس: يا امير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا وهما يختصمان فيما افاء الله على رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم من بني النضير، فقال الرهط: عثمان واصحابه يا امير المؤمنين اقض بينهما وارح احدهما من الآخر، قال عمر: تيدكم انشدكم بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والارض، هل تعلمون ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال:" لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة" يريد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نفسه، قال الرهط: قد قال ذلك فاقبل عمر على علي وعباس، فقال: انشدكما الله اتعلمان ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قد قال ذلك: قالا: قد قال ذلك، قال عمر: فإني احدثكم عن هذا الامر إن الله قد خص رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم في هذا الفيء بشيء لم يعطه احدا غيره، ثم قرا وما افاء الله على رسوله منهم إلى قوله قدير سورة الحشر آية 6 فكانت هذه خالصة لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم والله ما احتازها دونكم ولا استاثر بها عليكم قد اعطاكموه وبثها فيكم حتى بقي منها هذا المال، فكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ينفق على اهله نفقة سنتهم من هذا المال ثم ياخذ ما بقي فيجعله مجعل مال الله، فعمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بذلك حياته انشدكم بالله هل تعلمون ذلك، قالوا: نعم، ثم قال: لعلي وعباس انشدكما بالله هل تعلمان ذلك، قال عمر: ثم توفى الله نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال ابو بكر: انا ولي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقبضها ابو بكر فعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم والله يعلم إنه فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم توفى الله ابا بكر فكنت انا ولي ابي بكر فقبضتها سنتين من إمارتي اعمل فيها بما عمل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وما عمل فيها ابو بكر والله يعلم إني فيها لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق، ثم جئتماني تكلماني وكلمتكما واحدة وامركما واحد جئتني يا عباس تسالني نصيبك من ابن اخيك، وجاءني هذا يريد عليا يريد نصيب امراته من ابيها، فقلت: لكما إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة فلما بدا لي ان ادفعه إليكما، قلت: إن شئتما دفعتها إليكما على ان عليكما عهد الله وميثاقه لتعملان فيها بما عمل فيها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وبما عمل فيها ابو بكر وبما عملت فيها منذ وليتها، فقلتما ادفعها إلينا فبذلك دفعتها إليكما فانشدكم بالله، هل دفعتها إليهما بذلك؟، قال: الرهط نعم ثم اقبل على علي وعباس، فقال: انشدكما بالله هل دفعتها إليكما بذلك، قالا: نعم، قال: فتلتمسان مني قضاء غير ذلك فوالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والارض لا اقضي فيها قضاء غير ذلك، فإن عجزتما عنها فادفعاها إلي فإني اكفيكماها".
Narrated Malik bin Aus: While I was at home, the sun rose high and it got hot. Suddenly the messenger of `Umar bin Al- Khattab came to me and said, "The chief of the believers has sent for you." So, I went along with him till I entered the place where `Umar was sitting on a bedstead made of date-palm leaves and covered with no mattress, and he was leaning over a leather pillow. I greeted him and sat down. He said, "O Malik! Some persons of your people who have families came to me and I have ordered that a gift should be given to them, so take it and distribute it among them." I said, "O chief of the believers! I wish that you order someone else to do it." He said, "O man! Take it." While I was sitting there with him, his doorman Yarfa' came saying, "`Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Az-Zubair and Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas are asking your permission (to see you); may I admit them?" `Umar said, "Yes", So they were admitted and they came in, greeted him, and sat down. After a while Yarfa' came again and said, "May I admit `Ali and `Abbas?" `Umar said, "yes." So, they were admitted and they came in and greeted (him) and sat down. Then `Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between me and this (i.e. `Ali)." They had a dispute regarding the property of Bani An-Nadir which Allah had given to His Apostle as Fai. The group (i.e. `Uthman and his companions) said, "O chief of the believers! Judge between them and relieve both of them front each other." `Umar said, "Be patient! I beseech you by Allah by Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exist, do you know that Allah's Apostle said, 'Our (i.e. prophets') property will not be inherited, and whatever we leave, is Sadaqa (to be used for charity),' and Allah's Apostle meant himself (by saying "we'')?" The group said, "He said so." `Umar then turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you by Allah, do you know that Allah's Apostle said so?" They replied, " He said so." `Umar then said, "So, I will talk to you about this matter. Allah bestowed on His Apostle with a special favor of something of this Fai (booty) which he gave to nobody else." `Umar then recited the Holy Verses: "What Allah bestowed as (Fai) Booty on his Apostle (Muhammad) from them --- for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry: But Allah gives power to His Apostles over whomever He will 'And Allah is able to do all things." 9:6) `Umar added "So this property was especially given to Allah's Apostle, but, by Allah, neither did he take possession of it and leave your, nor did he favor himself with it to your exclusion, but he gave it to all of you and distributed it amongst you till this property remained out of it. Allah's Apostle used to spend the yearly expenses of his family out of this property and used to keep the rest of its revenue to be spent on Allah 's Cause. Allah 's Apostle kept on doing this during all his lifetime. I ask you by Allah do you know this?" They replies in the affirmative. `Umar then said to `Ali and `Abbas. "I ask you by Allah, do you know this?" `Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Prophet unto Him, 'Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Apostle so, Abu Bakr took over that property and managed it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to do, and Allah knows that he was true, pious and rightlyguided, and he was a follower of what was right. Then Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him and I became Abu Bakr's successor, and I kept that property in my possession for the first two years of my Caliphate, managing it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to do and as Abu Bakr used to do, and Allah knows that I have been true, pious, rightly guided, and a follower of what is right. Now you both (i.e. 'Ah and `Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the same claim and presenting the same case; you, `Abbas, came to me asking for your share from your nephew's property, and this man, i.e. `Ali, came to me asking for his wife's share from her father's property. I told you both that Allah's Apostle said, 'Our (prophets') properties are not to be inherited, but what we leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity).' When I thought it right that I should hand over this property to you, I said to you, 'I am ready to hand over this property to you if you wish, on the condition that you would take Allah's Pledge and Convention that you would manage it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to, and as Abu Bakr used to do, and as I have done since I was in charge of it.' So, both of you said (to me), 'Hand it over to us,' and on that condition I handed it over to you. So, I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on this condition?" The group aid, "Yes." Then `Umar faced `Ali and `Abbas saying, "I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to you on this condition?" They said, "Yes. " He said, " Do you want now to give a different decision? By Allah, by Whose Leave both the Heaven and the Earth exist, I will never give any decision other than that (I have already given). And if you are unable to manage it, then return it to me, and I will do the job on your behalf."


حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة