Mujahid said «بحسبان» means they are turning like a millstone. Others said the meaning of «وأقيموا الوزن‏» is to keep the scale’s tongue straight (i.e., weigh equally). «عصف‏.‏» say it is the produce (greenery) of the crop which is cut before ripening; this is the meaning of «عصف‏.‏» , and here by «ريحان‏» are meant the leaves and grains of the crop which are eaten. And «ريحان‏» in the language of the Arabs means sustenance; some said it means fragrant greenery, some said «عصف‏.‏» are the grains that are eaten, and «ريحان‏» is the ripe grain which is not eaten raw. Others said «عصف‏.‏» are the leaves of wheat. Dahhak said «عصف‏.‏» is the straw that animals eat. Abu Malik Ghifari (Tabi‘i) said «عصف‏.‏» is the first greenery that grows from the crop; farmers call it «هبور» . Mujahid said «عصف‏.‏» is the leaf of wheat and «ريحان‏» is sustenance. «المارج» is the flame of fire, yellow or green, which rises above when the fire is kindled. Some have narrated from Mujahid that in «رب المشرقين‏ ورب المغربين‏» , by «مشرقين‏» is meant the winter and“the east of summer,”and by «مغربين‏» is meant the winter and“the west of summer.” «لا يبغيان‏» do not meet. «المنشآت‏» are those ships whose sails have been raised (they appear like mountains from afar), and the ships whose sails are not raised are not called «المنشآت‏» . Mujahid said «كالفخار» means as a potsherd is made. «الشواز» is a flame of fire in which there is smoke. «فنحاس‏» is brass which will be melted and poured over the heads of the people of Hell; they will be punished with it. The meaning of «خاف مقام ربه‏» is that if a person intends to commit a sin, then remembers his Lord and refrains from it. «مدهامتان‏» means they will be black or green due to great freshness. «صلصال‏» is that clay or mud in which sand is mixed so that it rings like a potsherd. Some said «صلصال‏» is foul-smelling mud, as is said «صل اللحم» meaning the meat has become foul, has rotted, as «صر الباب» means to make a sound when closing the door, and «صرصر الباب» and «كببته‏» are called «كبكبته» . «فاكهة ونخل ورمان‏» means there will be fruit there, and date palms and pomegranates. From this verse, some (Imam Abu Hanifa) have deduced that dates and pomegranates are not fruits. The Arabs, however, count both among fruits. As for «نخل» and «ورمان‏» in relation to «عطف فاكهة» , it is like in another verse where He said «حافظوا على الصلوات والصلاة الوسطى‏» , so first He commanded to guard all prayers, «صلاة الوسطى‏» was included among them, then by mentioning «صلاة الوسطى‏» separately, the purpose is to emphasize its importance; similarly, here too, «نخل ورمان‏» , «فاكهة» were included among them, but due to their excellence, they were mentioned again, as in this verse «ألم تر أن الله يسجد له من في السموات ومن في الأرض‏» , then after that He said «وكثير من الناس وكثير حق عليه العذاب‏» , although both were included in «من في السموات ومن في الأرض‏» . Others (besides Mujahid or Imam Abu Hanifa, may Allah have mercy on them) said the meaning of «أفنان‏» is branches and twigs. «وجنى الجنتين دان» means the fruits of both gardens will be near. Hasan al-Basri said «فبأى آلاء‏» means which of His favors, and Qatadah said in «ربكما‏» the address is to jinn and mankind. Abu Darda said the meaning of «كل يوم هو في شأن‏» is that He forgives someone’s sin, removes someone’s hardship, raises some nations, lowers others. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said by «برزخ‏» is meant a barrier. «لأنام الخلق نضاختان‏» means they live there with goodness and blessing. «ذو الجلال‏» means full of majesty, others said. «مارج» ‏‏‏‏ is pure coal (without smoke). The Arabs say «مرج الأمير رعيته» meaning the ruler has neglected his subjects, or one is oppressing another. The word «مريج‏» which is in Surah Q, means mixed and mingled. «مرج‏ البحراين» means both rivers have merged; this is derived from «مرجت دابتك» , meaning you have let your animal loose; by living like this, soon we will bring your end. Here, the meaning is not leisure, because nothing can distract Allah the Exalted from one thing to another. This is an idiom well known among all people: when a person is idle, he has leisure, but to threaten someone, he says,“Alright, I will make time for you,”meaning when that fear is gone, I will punish you.