صحيح البخاري
Sahih Bukhari
كِتَاب الطَّلَاقِ
The Book of Divorce
بَابُ: {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ}:
(50) Chapter.“And those of you who die, and leave behind wives... (up to)... and Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.”(V.2:234)
Hadith Number: 5344
حدثني إسحاق بن منصور، اخبرنا روح بن عبادة، حدثنا شبل، عن ابن ابي نجيح، عن مجاهد" والذين يتوفون منكم ويذرون ازواجا سورة البقرة آية 234، قال: كانت هذه العدة تعتد عند اهل زوجها واجبا، فانزل الله والذين يتوفون منكم ويذرون ازواجا وصية لازواجهم متاعا إلى الحول غير إخراج فإن خرجن فلا جناح عليكم في ما فعلن في انفسهن من معروف سورة البقرة آية 240، قال: جعل الله لها تمام السنة سبعة اشهر وعشرين ليلة وصية، إن شاءت سكنت في وصيتها وإن شاءت خرجت، وهو قول الله تعالى: غير إخراج فإن خرجن فلا جناح عليكم سورة البقرة آية 240"، فالعدة كما هي واجب عليها زعم ذلك، عن مجاهد، وقال عطاء: قال ابن عباس: نسخت هذه الآية عدتها عند اهلها، فتعتد حيث شاءت، وقول الله تعالى: غير إخراج سورة البقرة آية 240، وقال عطاء: إن شاءت اعتدت عند اهلها وسكنت في وصيتها، وإن شاءت خرجت لقول الله: فلا جناح عليكم فيما فعلن في انفسهن سورة البقرة آية 234، قال عطاء: ثم جاء الميراث، فنسخ السكنى، فتعتد حيث شاءت ولا سكنى لها.
Narrated Mujahid: (regarding the Verse): 'If any of you dies and leaves wives behind,' That was the period of the 'Iddah which the widow was obliged to spend in the house of the late husband. Then Allah revealed: And those of you who die and leave wives should bequeath for their wives a year's maintenance and residence without turning them out, but if they leave, there is no blame on you for what they do of themselves, provided it is honorable (i.e. lawful marriage) (2.240) Mujahid said: Allah has ordered that a widow has the right to stay for seven months and twenty days with her husband's relatives through her husband's will and testament so that she will complete the period of one year (of 'Iddah). But the widow has the right to stay that extra period or go out of her husband's house as is indicated by the statement of Allah: 'But if they leave there is no blame on you,... ' (2.240) Ibn `Abbas said: The above Verse has cancelled the order of spending the period of the 'Iddah at her late husband's house, and so she could spend her period of the 'Iddah wherever she likes. And Allah says: 'Without turning them out.' 'Ata said: If she would, she could spend her period of the 'Iddah at her husband's house, and live there according to her (husband's) will and testament, and if she would, she could go out (of her husband's house) as Allah says: 'There is no blame on you for what they do of themselves.' (2.240) 'Ata added: Then the Verses of inheritance were revealed and the order of residence (for the widow) was cancelled, and she could spend her period of the 'Iddah wherever she would like, and she was no longer entitled to be accommodated by her husband's family.
حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة
Hadith Number: 5345
حدثنا محمد بن كثير، عن سفيان، عن عبد الله بن ابي بكر بن عمرو بن حزم، حدثني حميد بن نافع، عن زينب بنت ام سلمة، عن ام حبيبة بنت ابي سفيان، لما جاءها نعي ابيها دعت بطيب، فمسحت ذراعيها، وقالت: ما لي بالطيب من حاجة، لولا اني سمعت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، يقول:" لا يحل لامراة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر تحد على ميت فوق ثلاث إلا على زوج اربعة اشهر وعشرا".
Narrated Zainab bint Um Salama: When Um Habiba bint Abi Sufyan was informed of her father's death, she asked for perfume and rubbed it over her arms and said, "I am not in need of perfume, but I have heard the Prophet saying, "It is not lawful for a lady who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days except for her husband for whom the (mourning) period is four months and ten days."
حكم: أحاديث صحيح البخاريّ كلّها صحيحة