مشكوة المصابيح
Mishkat al-Masabih
كتاب البيوع
The Book of Sales and Trade
(حُكْمُ الشَّيْءِ السَّاقِطِ أَوِ الكَنْزِ المَدْفُونِ فِي أَرْضٍ غَيْرِ مَأْهُولَةٍ)
(Ruling on a found item or buried treasure in uninhabited land)
Hadith Number: 3036
(الفصل الثاني) 3036 - عن عمرو بن شعيب عن ابيه عن جده عن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - انه سئل عن الثمر المعلق فقال: من اصاب منه من ذي حاجة غير متخذ خبنة فلا شيء عليه، ومن خرج بشيء منه فعليه غرامة مثليه والعقوبة ومن سرق منه شيئا بعد ان يؤويه الجرين فبلغ ثمن المجن فعليه القطع، وذكر في ضالة الإبل والغنم كما ذكره غيره قال: وسئل عن اللقطة فقال: ما كان منها في الطريق الميتاء والقرية الجامعة فعرفها سنة فإن جاء صاحبها فادفعها إليه، وإن لم يات فهو لك. وما كان في الخراب العادي ففيه وفي الركاز الخمس. رواه النسائي، وروى ابو داود عنه من قوله: وسئل عن اللقطة إلى آخره.
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather told that God’s Messenger was asked about hanging fruit and said,“If a needy person takes some and does not take a supply away in his garment he is not to be blamed, but he who carries any of it away is to be fined twice the value and punished and he who steals any of it after it has been put in the place where dates are dried is to have his hand cut off if their value reaches the price of a shield*.”Regarding stray camels and sheep (Or 'goats') he mentioned the same as others have done. He said he was asked about finds and replied,“If it is in a frequented road and a large town make the matter known for a year and if its owner comes give it to him, but if he does not it belongs to you; but if it is in a place which has been waste from ancient times, or if it is hidden treasure belonging to the pre-Islamic period it is subject to payment of the fifth.”*The price of a shield in the Prophet’s time is said to have been a quarter of a dinar. Ten dirhams is also mentioned Nasa’i transmitted it. Abu Dawud transmitted from ‘Amr from“he was asked about finds”to the end.
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