موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik Riwayat Yahya
كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
Book: On the Explanation of Zakat
بَابُ زَكَاةِ مَا يُخْرَصُ مِنْ ثِمَارِ النَّخِيلِ وَالْأَعْنَابِ
Chapter on Zakat on Estimated Produce of Date Palms and Grapes
Hadith Number: 681
حدثني يحيى، عن مالك، عن الثقة عنده، عن سليمان بن يسار ، وعن بسر بن سعيد ، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: " فيما سقت السماء والعيون والبعل العشر، وفيما سقي بالنضح نصف العشر"
It is narrated from Sulayman bin Yasar and Hazrat Basr bin Sa'id that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "On land irrigated by rain, springs, or ponds, and on those date palms which do not require watering, one-tenth is due as zakat; and on land that is irrigated by manual watering, one-twentieth is due as zakat."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682
وحدثني، عن مالك، عن زياد بن سعد ، عن ابن شهاب ، انه قال: " لا يؤخذ في صدقة النخل الجعرور، ولا مصران الفارة، ولا عذق ابن حبيق، قال: وهو يعد على صاحب المال ولا يؤخذ منه في الصدقة"
Ibn Shihab Zuhri said that in the zakat of dates, Ja’rur (a type of inferior date that becomes waste when dried), Misran al-Farah, and ‘Idhq bin Habeeq should not be taken, and their example is like that of goats: all types are counted in the owner’s wealth, but they should not be taken.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682B1
قال مالك: وإنما مثل ذلك الغنم تعد على صاحبها بسخالها، والسخل لا يؤخذ منه في الصدقة وقد يكون في الاموال ثمار لا تؤخذ الصدقة منها، من ذلك البردي وما اشبهه لا يؤخذ من ادناه كما لا يؤخذ من خياره، قال: وإنما تؤخذ الصدقة من اوساط المال
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The example is like that of goats, that in counting the goats, the kids will also be counted, but the kids will not be taken in zakat. And sometimes there are fruits that are not suitable to be taken in zakat due to their excellence, such as among dates, the Barui and those similar to it. Likewise, fruits that are spoiled will also not be taken; rather, zakat will be taken from the average quality produce.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682B2
قال مالك: الامر المجتمع عليه عندنا انه لا يخرص من الثمار إلا النخيل والاعناب، فإن ذلك يخرص حين يبدو صلاحه ويحل بيعه، وذلك ان ثمر النخيل والاعناب يؤكل رطبا وعنبا، فيخرص على اهله للتوسعة على الناس، ولئلا يكون على احد في ذلك ضيق، فيخرص ذلك عليهم ثم يخلى بينهم وبينه ياكلونه كيف شاءوا، ثم يؤدون منه الزكاة على ما خرص عليهم
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, it is agreed upon that the estimation of any fruit will not be done except for dates and grapes; their estimation will be done when they appear, and when their growth is known to be in good condition, and their sale becomes valid. The reason for this is that dates and grapes are eaten after they ripen, so their estimation will be made so that people do not face difficulty, and they will be handed over to their owner so that he may eat them or sell them. Then zakat will be paid accordingly.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682B3
قال مالك: فاما ما لا يؤكل رطبا، وإنما يؤكل بعد حصاده من الحبوب كلها فإنه لا يخرص، وإنما على اهلها فيها إذا حصدوها ودقوها وطيبوها وخلصت حبا، فإنما على اهلها فيها الامانة يؤدون زكاتها إذا بلغ ذلك ما تجب فيه الزكاة، وهذا الامر الذي لا اختلاف فيه عندنا
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: As for those fruits which are not eaten raw, it is not correct to estimate them. Rather, when the owner cuts them, cleans them, and extracts the grains, then the due zakat should be taken from them accordingly. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, there is no difference of opinion in this matter.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682B4
قال مالك: الامر المجتمع عليه عندنا، ان النخل يخرص على اهلها وثمرها في رءوسها إذا طاب وحل بيعه، ويؤخذ منه صدقته تمرا عند الجداد، فإن اصابت الثمرة جائحة بعد ان تخرص على اهلها وقبل ان تجذ، فاحاطت الجائحة بالثمر كله فليس عليهم صدقة، فإن بقي من الثمر شيء يبلغ خمسة اوسق فصاعدا بصاع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، اخذ منهم زكاته وليس عليهم فيما اصابت الجائحة زكاة، وكذلك العمل في الكرم ايضا
He said: According to us, the agreed-upon issue is that the estimation of dates should be done while they are still on the tree, but it is necessary that their condition of growth and improvement is well known and their sale becomes valid. Then, zakat should be taken from them when the time of harvesting arrives. If, after the estimation, any calamity befalls those fruits and all of them are destroyed, then zakat will not be obligatory. However, if an amount equal to five wasq remains, according to the sa’ of the Prophet (peace be upon him), then zakat will be obligatory on that amount. For whatever amount is destroyed, zakat will not be due on it.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The same ruling applies to grapes.
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The same ruling applies to grapes.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 682B5
وإذا كان لرجل قطع اموال متفرقة او اشتراك في اموال متفرقة لا يبلغ مال كل شريك او قطعه ما تجب فيه الزكاة، وكانت إذا جمع بعض ذلك إلى بعض يبلغ ما تجب فيه الزكاة، فإنه يجمعها ويؤدي زكاتها
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a person has separate plots or there are several partners in different properties, and the wealth of each partner or each plot does not reach the amount upon which zakat becomes obligatory, then if the combined shares of all partners or all plots together reach the nisab, zakat will be obligatory; otherwise, it will not be obligatory.
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