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Biography: Imam Mālik ibn Anas (rh)

موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik Riwayat Yahya
كِتَابُ الرَّهْنِ
Book: On the Explanation of Pledges (Mortgages)
بَابُ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ مِنَ الْعَطِيَّةِ
What is Not Permissible in Gifts
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Hadith Number: 1455Q1
قال مالك: الامر عندنا فيمن اعطى احدا عطية لا يريد ثوابها، فاشهد عليها. فإنها ثابتة للذي اعطيها. إلا ان يموت المعطي قبل ان يقبضها الذي اعطيها. قال: وإن اراد المعطي إمساكها بعد ان اشهد عليها. فليس ذلك له. إذا قام عليه بها صاحبها، اخذها.
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Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something to someone for reward, does not want anything in return, and makes people witnesses to it, then it will be executed, except if the giver dies before the recipient takes possession. If the giver wants to keep it after giving it, this is not permissible; the recipient can forcibly take it from him whenever he wishes.


تخریج الحدیث:
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Hadith Number: 1455Q2
قال مالك: ومن اعطى عطية. ثم نكل الذي اعطاها. فجاء الذي اعطيها بشاهد يشهد له انه اعطاه ذلك. عرضا كان او ذهبا او ورقا او حيوانا. احلف الذي اعطي مع شهادة شاهده. فإن ابى الذي اعطي ان يحلف، حلف المعطي. وإن ابى ان يحلف ايضا، ادى إلى المعطى ما ادعى عليه. إذا كان له شاهد واحد. فإن لم يكن له شاهد، فلا شيء له.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if Zaid gave something to Amr for the sake of Allah, and after that Zaid died, and Amr brought one witness, then Amr will have to take an oath. If he takes the oath, then with one testimony and one oath, that thing will be given to Amr. If Amr refuses to take the oath, then an oath will be taken from Zaid. If Zaid refuses to take the oath, then that thing will have to be given, when Amr has at least one witness. If there is not even one witness, then Amr's claim alone will not be heard.


تخریج الحدیث:
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Hadith Number: 1455Q3
قال مالك: من اعطى عطية لا يريد ثوابها ثم مات المعطى، فورثته بمنزلته، وإن مات المعطي، قبل ان يقبض المعطى عطيته، فلا شيء له. وذلك انه اعطي عطاء لم يقبضه. فإن اراد المعطي ان يمسكها، وقد اشهد عليها حين اعطاها، فليس ذلك له، إذا قام صاحبها اخذها.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person gives something for the sake of Allah, and then the recipient dies before taking possession, then his heirs will take his place. If the giver dies before the recipient takes possession, then the recipient will not receive anything, because due to the lack of possession, the gift becomes void. If the giver withholds it and there are no witnesses to the gift, then it is not permissible. When the recipient stands to take it, he may take it.


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