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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
أهم أحداث السنة الخامسة للهجرة
Most Important Events of the Fifth Year of Hijrah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي زِوَاجِهِ ﷺ بِزَينَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشِ رضي الله عنها وَنُزُولِ آيَةِ الْحِجَابِ
Chapter: What has been reported regarding his ﷺ marriage to Zaynab bint Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with her, and the revelation of the verse of hijab
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Hadith Number: 10778
حدثنا بهز وحدثنا هاشم قالا حدثنا سليمان بن المغيرة عن ثابت عن انس رضي الله عنه قال لما انقضت عدة زينب قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم لزيد اذهب فاذكرها علي قال فانطلق حتى اتاها قال وهي تخمر عجينها فلما رايتها عظمت في صدري حتى ما استطيع ان انظر إليها ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ذكرها فوليتها ظهري وركضت على عقبي فقلت يا زينب ابشري ارسلني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يذكرك قالت ما انا بصانعة شيئا حتى اؤامر ربي عز وجل فقامت إلى مسجدها ونزل يعني القرآن وجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فدخل عليها بغير إذن قال ولقد رايتنا ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اطعمنا الخبز واللحم قال هاشم حين عرفت ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم خطبها قال هاشم في حديثه لقد رايتنا حين ادخلت على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اطعمنا الخبز واللحم فخرج الناس وبقي رجال يتحدثون في البيت بعد الطعام فخرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم واتبعته فجعل يتتبع حجر نسائه فجعل يسلم عليهن ويقلن يا رسول الله كيف وجدت اهلك قال فما ادري انا اخبرته ان القوم قد خرجوا او اخبر قال فانطلق حتى دخل البيت فذهبت ادخل معه فالقى الستر بيني وبينه ونزل الحجاب قال ووعظ القوم بما وعظوا به قال هاشم في حديثه {لا تدخلوا بيوت النبي إلا ان يؤذن لكم إلى طعام غير ناظرين إناه ولا مستانسين لحديث إن ذلكم كان يؤذي النبي فيستحيي منكم والله لا يستحيي من الحق} [الاحزاب: 53]
It is narrated from Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the waiting period (‘iddah) of Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her) was completed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him): Go and give her my proposal of marriage. He went to her; she was kneading dough at that time. Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When I saw her, I felt such a great status of hers in my heart that I did not have the courage to look at her, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had mentioned her with the intention of making her his wife. So I turned my back towards her and turned around on my heels and said: Zainab! Glad tidings to you, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has sent me; he remembers you to make you his wife. She replied: I will not say anything until I consult my Lord. After that, she stood in the place designated for prayer in her house. During this time, verses of the Noble Qur’an were revealed, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to her without permission. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us meat and bread. Imam Ahmad’s shaykh, Hashim, narrates that he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave this food, and then I realized that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had given her the proposal of marriage. Hashim also narrates in his hadith that when Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her) was sent to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) fed us meat and bread. After the people had eaten, they left, but some people remained in the house, sitting and talking. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went outside and began to visit the chambers of his wives; I was following behind him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter each chamber, greet his wives, and they would ask: O Messenger of Allah! How did you find your wife? Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I do not remember whether I informed you or someone else came and informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that the people had left. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) came into his house. I was about to enter as well, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) hung a curtain between himself and me, and the command of hijab was revealed. And the people were greatly admonished. Imam Ahmad’s shaykh, Hashim, narrated in his hadith that by the command of hijab here, these verses are meant: {لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُیُوتَ النَّبِیِّ إِلَّا أَنْ یُؤْذَنَ لَکُمْ إِلٰی طَعَامٍ غَیْرَ نَاظِرِینَ إِنَاہُ … … وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِینَ لِحَدِیثٍ إِنَّ ذٰلِکُمْ کَانَ یُؤْذِی النَّبِیَّ فَیَسْتَحْیِی مِنْکُمْ وَاللّٰہُ لَا یَسْتَحْیِی مِنَ الْحَقِّ … } … O you who believe! Do not enter the houses of the Prophet without permission, unless you are invited for a meal, and do not wait for its preparation. But when you are invited, then enter, and when you have eaten, then disperse, and do not linger, engaging in conversation. Indeed, this behavior annoys the Prophet, and he is shy of you, but Allah is not shy of (telling) the truth. And when you ask (his wives) for anything, ask them from behind a curtain. This is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not proper for you to annoy the Messenger of Allah, nor to ever marry his wives after him. Indeed, that would be a great sin in the sight of Allah. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 53)


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 1428
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Hadith Number: 10779
عن عبد العزيز بن صهيب قال سمعت انس بن مالك رضي الله عنه يقول ما اولم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم على امراة من نسائه اكثر وافضل مما اولم على زينب فقال ثابت البناني فما اولم قال اطعمهم خبزا ولحما حتى تركوه
It is narrated from Abdul Aziz bin Suhaib that I heard Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give a wedding feast (walima) on the occasion of marrying any of his wives like the one he gave after marrying Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her). Thabit Banani asked: With what did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) give the walima? He replied: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fed the people so much bread and meat that they ate to their fill, and still some was left over, meaning the food remained.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 4793
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Hadith Number: 10780
(ومن طريق ثان) عن ثابت عن انس رضي الله عنه قال رايت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اولم على امراة من نسائه ما اولم على زينب بنت جحش قال فاولم بشاة او ذبح شاة
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I have not seen that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a wedding feast on the occasion of marrying any other wife as much as he did on the occasion of marrying Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a wedding feast by slaughtering a goat.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 13411
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Hadith Number: 10781
عن حميد عن انس رضي الله عنه قال اولم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بزينب فاشبع المسلمين خبزا ولحما ثم خرج كما كان يصنع إذا تزوج فياتي حجر امهات المؤمنين فيسلم عليهن ويدعو لهن ويسلمن عليه ويدعون له ثم رجع وانا معه فلما انتهى إلى الباب إذا رجلان قد جرى بينهما الحديث في ناحية البيت فلما ابصرهما رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم انصرف فلما راى الرجلان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قد رجع وثبا فزعين فخرجا فلا ادري انا اخبرته او من اخبره فرجع النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the occasion of the marriage of the Mother of the Believers, Sayyida Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) held a wedding feast (walima) and fed the Muslims bread and meat to their fill. After that, as was his custom, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out, just as he used to do after getting married previously. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would go to the chambers of the Mothers of the Believers, greet them with peace, pray for them, and in response, they would also greet him with peace and pray for him. After this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, and I was with him. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached near the door, there were still two men inside the house engaged in conversation. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw them, he turned back. When those two saw that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had left, they quickly got up in a hurry and left. I do not remember whether I informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) or someone else informed him (that those men had also left), then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده صحيح علي شرط الشيخين
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Hadith Number: 10782
عن انس رضي الله عنه قال كانت زينب بنت جحش تفخر على نساء النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تقول إن الله عز وجل انكحني من السماء
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyidah Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say to the other wives with pride: My marriage was performed by Allah Almighty from the heavens.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 7421
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