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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
بيان القيامة وأحوال الآخرة والفتن والعلامات التي تسبقها
Explanation of the Day of Resurrection, Conditions of the Hereafter, and the Trials and Signs that Precede It
فتَنْ مُسَمَّاةٍ يَتْلُو بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا إِلَى قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ
Named tribulations, each following the other until the Hour
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Hadith Number: 12835
عن عبد الله بن عمر يقول كنا عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قعودا نذكر الفتن فاكثر ذكرها حتى ذكر فتنة الاحلاس فقال قائل يا رسول الله وما فتنة الاحلاس قال ”فتنة الاحلاس هي فتنة هرب وحرب ثم فتنة السراء دخلها او دفعها من تحت قدمي رجل من اهل بيتي يزعم انه مني وليس مني إنما وليي المتقون ثم يصطلح الناس على رجل كورك على ضلع ثم فتنة الدهيماء لا تدع احدا من هذه الامة إلا لطمته لطمة فإذا قيل انقطعت تمادت يصبح الرجل فيها مؤمنا ويمسي كافرا حتى يصير الناس إلى فسطاطين فسطاط إيمان لا نفاق فيه وفسطاط نفاق لا إيمان فيه إذا كان ذاكم فانتظروا الدجال من اليوم او غد“
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) discussing tribulations. He also mentioned many tribulations, including the tribulation of Ahlaas. A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! What is meant by the tribulation of Ahlaas? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The tribulation of Ahlaas refers to a time of war, conflict, and destruction. Then the tribulation of prosperity and ease will emerge; its beginning, end, leadership, and responsibility will be in the hands of a man who, according to his own assumption, will be from me, but he will not be from me. My friends are only the pious people. Then people will make peace with a person who will not be permanently fit or worthy of kingship. After that, a tribulation consisting of dreadful calamity and disaster will appear; it will shake every individual of this Ummah. When it will be said that the tribulation has ended, it will intensify and come forth even more. A person will be a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening. People will split into two groups: one group will be of believers, in which there will be no hypocrisy, and the other group will be of hypocrites, in which there will be no faith. When the matter reaches this point, then await the Dajjal; he may come that very day, or he may come the next day.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح
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Hadith Number: 12836
وعن شهر بن حوشب قال سمعت عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنه يقول لقد رايتنا وما صاحب الدينار والدرهم باحق من اخيه المسلم ثم لقد رايتنا بآخرة الآن والدينار والدرهم احب إلى احدنا من اخيه المسلم ولقد سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول ”لئن انتم اتبعتم اذناب البقر وتبايعتم بالعينة وتركتم الجهاد في سبيل الله ليلزمنكم الله مذلة في اعناقكم ثم لا تنزع منكم حتى ترجعوا إلى ما كنتم عليه وتتوبوا إلى الله“ وسمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول ”لتكونن هجرة بعد هجرة إلى مهاجر ابيكم إبراهيم عليه السلام حتى لا يبقى في الارضين إلا شرار اهلها وتلفظهم ارضوهم وتقذرهم روح الرحمن عز وجل وتحشرهم النار مع القردة والخنازير تقيل حيث يقيلون وتبيت حيث يبيتون وما سقط منهم فلها“ ولقد سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول ”يخرج من امتي قوم يسيئون الاعمال يقرءون القرآن لا يجاوز حناجرهم“ قال يزيد احد الرواة لا اعلمه إلا قال ”يحقر احدكم عمله مع عملهم يقتلون اهل الإسلام فإذا خرجوا فاقتلوهم ثم إذا خرجوا فاقتلوهم ثم إذا خرجوا فاقتلوهم فطوبى لمن قتلهم وطوبى لمن قتلوه كلما طلع منهم قرن قطعه الله عز وجل“ فردد ذلك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم عشرين مرة او اكثر وانا اسمع
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I have seen those days when a person used to give more importance to his Muslim brother than to a wealthy and rich man, but now I see that dinars and dirhams are dearer to us than our Muslim brother. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: If you abandon jihad, become occupied with the tails of cows, and start engaging in ‘inah transactions, Allah Almighty will impose humiliation upon you, and that humiliation will not be removed from you until you repent to Allah Almighty and return to your original religion. And I also heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Migration will continue towards the place of migration of your father Ibrahim (peace be upon him), until only the worst people remain on the rest of the earth. Their land will expel them, Allah Almighty’s spirit will abhor them, and the fire will gather them together with monkeys and pigs, surrounding them in one place, where they will take their midday rest, and the fire will rest there as well; where they spend the night, the fire will also spend the night there, and whoever among them falls, the fire will burn him. And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: In my Ummah, there will arise a people of evil deeds, who will recite the Qur’an, but it will not go beyond their throats. (Apparently, their deeds will be so good that) you will consider your own deeds insignificant compared to theirs. They will kill the people of Islam. When such people appear, kill them; and when they appear again, kill them; and when they appear again, kill them. Glad tidings are for the one who kills them and also for the one who is killed by them. When their generation appears, Allah Almighty will destroy it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) repeated this twenty or more times, and I kept listening.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: حديث صحيح
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Hadith Number: 12837
وعن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم نحوه
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 6788
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Hadith Number: 12838
وعنه ايضا قال دخلت على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو يتوضا وضوءا مكيثا فرفع راسه فنظر إلي فقال ”ست فيكم ايتها الامة موت نبيكم“ فكانما انتزع قلبي من مكانه قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”واحدة“ قال ”ويفيض المال فيكم حتى إن الرجل ليعطى عشرة آلاف فيظل يتسخطها“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”ثنتين“ قال ”وفتنة تدخل بيت كل رجل منكم“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”ثلاث“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”وموت كقعاص الغنم“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”اربع وهدنة تكون بينكم وبين بني الاصفر ليجمعون لكم تسعة اشهر كقدر حمل المراة ثم يكونون اولى بالغدر منكم“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”خمس“ قال ”وفتح مدينة“ قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”ست“ قلت يا رسول الله اي مدينة قال ”قسطنطينة“
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I went to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while he (peace and blessings be upon him) was performing ablution slowly and calmly. He (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his head and, seeing me, said: O my Ummah! (Before the Day of Judgment) six major events will occur among you. The first thing is the death of your Prophet. Hearing this, it felt as if my heart flew out of its place. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is one. Then he said: And there will be such abundance of wealth among you that if someone is given ten thousand, he will consider it little and express displeasure. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the second sign. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A tribulation will arise that will enter the house of each one of you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the third sign. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Deaths will occur in such abundance, just as sheep die due to a particular disease. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the fourth sign. And there will be a truce between you and Banu Asfar; they will maintain peace with you for the duration of a woman's pregnancy, that is, nine months, then they will betray you. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the fifth sign. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: And a city will be conquered; this will be the sixth sign. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Which city? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Constantinople.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: حسن لغيره
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Hadith Number: 12839
وعن معاذ بن جبل رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”ست من اشراط الساعة موتي وفتح بيت المقدس وموت ياخذ في الناس كقعاص الغنم وفتنة يدخل حربها بيت كل مسلم وان يعطى الرجل الف دينار فيتسخطها وان تغدر الروم فيسيرون في ثمانين بندا كل بند اثنا عشر الفا“
Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Six matters are among the signs of the Day of Judgment: (1) My death, (2) The conquest of Bayt al-Maqdis, (3) Widespread deaths among people like the plague among sheep, (4) The tribulation whose fire of battle will reach every Muslim household, (5) (Wealth will become so abundant that) if a man is given a thousand dinars, he will consider it little and express displeasure, and (6) The Romans’ breach of trust and disloyalty; they will march under eighty banners, and under each banner there will be twelve thousand men.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح لغيره
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Hadith Number: 12840
وعن عوف بن مالك الاشجعي الانصاري رضي الله عنه قال اتيت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فسلمت عليه فقال ”عوف“ فقلت نعم فقال ”ادخل“ قال قلت كل او بعضي قال ”بل كلك“ قال ”اعدد يا عوف ستا بين يدي الساعة اولهن موتي“ قال فاستبكيت حتى جعل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يسكتني قال قلت إحدى ”والثانية فتح بيت المقدس“ قلت اثنين ”والثالثة موتان يكون في امتي ياخذهم مثل قعاص الغنم“ قال ”ثلاثا والرابعة فتنة تكون في امتي واعظمها“ قال ”اربعا والخامسة يفيض المال فيكم حتى إن الرجل ليعطى المائة دينار فيتسخطها“ قال ”خمسا والسادسة هدنة تكون بينكم وبين بني الاصفر فيسيرون إليكم على ثمانين غاية“ قلت وما الغاية قال ”الراية تحت كل راية اثنا عشر الفا فسطاط المسلمين يومئذ في ارض يقال لها الغوطة في مدينة يقال لها دمشق“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Awf bin Malik Ashja‘i Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and greeted him with salam. He asked: Is it ‘Awf? I said: Yes. He said: Come in. I asked: Should I come in completely or partially? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Come in completely. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Awf! Count six major signs that will occur before the Day of Judgment. The first sign is my death. Upon hearing this, I began to weep, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began to console me. I said: This is one. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The second is the conquest of Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). I said: This is the second. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The third sign is that there will be so many deaths in my Ummah, just as sheep die in an epidemic. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is the third, and the fourth sign is that there will be a great tribulation. This is the fourth, and the fifth is that wealth will become so abundant that when someone is given one hundred dinars, he will consider it little and express anger. He said: This is the fifth, and the sixth sign is that there will be a truce between you and Banu al-Asfar, but they (breaking the covenant) will come under the same banners. I asked: What is meant by“ghayah”? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It means a banner; under each banner there will be twelve thousand people. In those days, the center of the Muslims will be at a place called Ghutah in Damascus.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 3176
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Hadith Number: 12841
حدثنا عبد الله حدثني ابي ثنا عبد الرزاق انا معمر عن قتادة عن نصر بن عاصم الليثي عن خالد بن خالد اليشكري قال خرجت زمان فتحت تستر حتى قدمت الكوفة فدخلت المسجد فإذا انا بحلقة فيها رجل صدع من الرجال حسن الثغر يعرف فيه انه من رجال اهل الحجاز قال فقلت من الرجل فقال القوم اوما تعرفه فقلت لا فقالوا هذا حذيفة بن اليمان رضي الله عنه صاحب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال فقعدت وحدث القوم فقال إن الناس كانوا يسالون رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم عن الخير وكنت اساله عن الشر فانكر ذلك القوم عليه فقال لهم إني ساخبركم بما انكرتم من ذلك جاء الإسلام حين جاء فجاء امر ليس كامر الجاهلية وكنت قد اعطيت في القرآن فهما فكان رجال يجيئون فيسالون عن الخير فكنت اساله عن الشر فقلت يا رسول الله ايكون بعد هذا الخير شر كما كان قبله شر فقال ”نعم“ قال قلت فما العصمة يا رسول الله قال ”السيف“ قال قلت وهل بعد هذا السيف بقية قال ”نعم تكون إمارة على اقذاء وهدنة على دخن“ قال قلت ثم ماذا قال ”ثم تنشا دعاة الضلالة فإن كان لله يومئذ في الارض خليفة جلد ظهرك واخذ مالك فالزمه وإلا فمت وانت عاض على جذل شجرة“ قال قلت ثم ماذا قال ”يخرج الدجال بعد ذلك معه نهر ونار من وقع في ناره وجب اجره وحط وزره ومن وقع في نهره وجب وزره وحط اجره“ قال قلت ثم ماذا قال ”ثم تنتج المهر فلا يركب حتى تقوم الساعة“ الصدع من الرجال الضرب وقوله فما العصمة منه قال السيف كان قتادة يضعه على الردة التي كانت في زمن ابي بكر رضي الله عنه وقوله إمارة على اقذاء وهدنة يقول صلح وقوله على دخن يقول على ضغائن قيل لعبد الرزاق ممن التفسير قال عن قتادة زعم وفي رواية قال قلت يا رسول الله ”ما هدنة على دخن“ قال ”قلوب لا تعود على ما كانت“
Khalid bin Khalid Yashkari says: When Tustar was conquered, I went to Kufa during those days. I entered a mosque and saw that people were sitting there in a circle. Among them was a slender man, whose front teeth or mouth was very beautiful; it seemed as if he was from Hijaz. I asked: Who is this gentleman? The people said: Do you not know him? I said: No. They told me that he is the companion of the Messenger of Allah, Sayyiduna Hudhayfah bin Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him). Hearing this, I also sat down. He continued talking to the people. He also stated that people used to ask the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about good, but I used to ask him about evil. People were surprised at this, but he said: The thing at which you are surprised, I will explain to you. When Islam came, such an environment was created that was different from the era of ignorance, while I had a considerable understanding of the Qur’an. People used to come and ask the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about good, but I used to ask about evil. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Will there be an era of evil (and tribulations) after this good (i.e., guidance and Islam), just as there was before? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes. I said: What will be the way to avoid it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The sword. I said: After the sword has been used, will any part of Islam remain? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, but there will be internal fighting and outward peace. After that, callers to misguidance and deviation will appear openly. If in those days you see a caliph, then adhere to him, even if he harms your body and seizes your wealth; otherwise, die in such a state that you are clinging to the trunk of a tree. I said: Then what will happen? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the Dajjal will appear; he will have a river of water and also fire. Whoever enters his fire, for him there will be a definite reward (and salvation) with Allah, and all his sins will be forgiven. But whoever enters his river, he will be sinful and all his reward and merit will be lost. I said: What will happen after that? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: After that, the Hour (Day of Judgment) will come so quickly that the mare which gives birth in those days will not have been ridden yet when the Hour will be established. "Al-Sada'u min al-rijal" means "al-darb," that is, a man with little flesh. The question of Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) about what will be the way to avoid this tribulation, and the answer of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that it will be the sword, Imam Qatadah interpreted this as referring to the apostasy that occurred during the era of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). "Imarah 'ala aqdha'in wa hudnah" means peace, and "al-dakhan" means inner hatred and impurity. When the narrator of the hadith, 'Abd al-Razzaq, was asked who explained these words, he said that Imam Qatadah did.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: حديث حسن دون قوله: ثم ينتج المھر فلا يركب حتي تقوم الساعة
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Hadith Number: 12842
وعنه من طريق آخر بنحوه وفيه قلت يا رسول الله هل بعد هذا الخير شر كما كان قبله شر قال ”يا حذيفة اقرا كتاب الله واعمل بما فيه“ فاعرض عني فاعدت عليه ثلاث مرات وعلمت انه إن كان خيرا اتبعته وإن كان شرا اجتنبته فقلت هل بعد هذا الخير من شر قال ”نعم فتنة عمياء عماء صماء ودعاة ضلالة على ابواب جهنم من اجلبهم قذفوه فيها“
(Second chain) Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Will there be an era of evil (and tribulation) after this good (i.e., guidance and Islam), just as there was before? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Hudhayfah! Keep reciting the Book of Allah and keep acting upon it. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from me, but I repeated my question three times. I knew that if there would be good, I would follow it, and in case of evil, I would avoid it. Therefore, I asked again: Will there be an era of evil after this good? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, there will be blind tribulation, and in it there will be people who will be callers standing at the doors of Hell; whoever responds to them, they will throw him into Hell.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: حديث حسن
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Hadith Number: 12843
وعن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ”الآيات خرزات منظومات في سلك فإن يقطع السلك يتبع بعضها بعضا“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The signs of the Day of Judgment are like beads threaded on a string; when the string breaks, they fall one after another.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده ضعيف
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Hadith Number: 12844
وعن ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال ”من اشراط الساعة ان يرى رعاة الشاء رؤوس الناس وان يرى الحفاة العراة الجوع يتبارون في البناء وان تلد الامة ربها او ربتها“
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Among the signs of the Day of Judgment is that the shepherds of goats will become the leaders and rulers of the people, and the barefoot, naked, and hungry people will compete with each other in constructing buildings, and slave girls will give birth to their masters or mistresses.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: حديث صحيح
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