سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Saeed bin Mansur
كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
Book of Obligatory Duties (Fara'id)
بَابُ أُصُولِ الْفَرَائِضِ
Chapter on the fundamentals of inheritance
Hadith Number: 5
نا نا عبد الرحمن بن ابي الزناد، عن ابيه، عن خارجة بن زيد بن ثابت، إن معاني هذه الفرائض كلها واصولها عن زيد بن ثابت ، وابو الزناد فسرها على معاني زيد بن ثابت: " يرث الرجل من امراته إذا هي لم تترك ولدا ولا ولد ابن النصف، فإن تركت ولدا او ولد ابن ذكرا او انثى ورثها زوجها الربع، لا ينقص من ذلك شيئا، وترث المراة من زوجها إذا هو لم يترك ولدا ولا ولد ابن الربع، فإن ترك ولدا او ولد ابن ورثته امراته الثمن. وميراث الام من ولدها إذا توفي ابنها او ابنتها فترك ولدا او ولد ابن ذكرا او انثى، او ترك اثنين من الإخوة فصاعدا، ذكورا او إناثا من اب وام، او من اب، او من ام السدس، فإن لم يترك المتوفى ولدا، ولا ولد ابن، ولا اثنين من الإخوة فصاعدا، فإن للام الثلث كاملا، إلا في فريضتين، وهما: ان يتوفى رجل ويترك امراته وابويه، فيكون لامراته الربع، وللام ثلث ما بقي، وهو الربع من راس المال، وان تتوفى امراة فتترك زوجها وابويها، فيكون للزوج النصف، ولامها الثلث مما بقي، وهو السدس من راس المال. وميراث الإخوة للام انهم لا يرثون مع الولد، ولا مع ولد ابن، ذكرا كان او انثى، شيئا، ولا مع الاب، ولا مع الجد ابي الاب، وهم في كل ما سوى ذلك يفرض لهم للواحد منهم السدس، ذكرا كان او انثى، فإن كانوا اثنين فصاعدا، ذكورا او إناثا، فرض لهم الثلث يقتسمونه بالسواء، للذكر مثل حظ الانثى. وميراث الاب من ابنه وابنته إذا توفي انه إن ترك المتوفى ولدا ذكرا او ولد ابن ذكرا، فإنه يفرض للاب السدس، وإذا لم يترك المتوفى ولدا ذكرا ولا ولد ابن ذكرا، فإن الاب يخلف، ويبدا بمن شركه من اهل الفرائض فيعطون فرائضهم، فإن فضل من المال السدس واكثر كان للاب، وإن لم يفضل عنها السدس فاكثر منه فرض للاب السدس فريضة. وميراث الولد من والدهم، او من والدتهم، انه إذا توفي رجل او امراة، فترك ابنة واحدة، كان لها النصف، فإن كانتا اثنتين فما فوق ذلك من الإناث كان لهن الثلثان، فإن كان معهن ذكر فإنه لا فريضة لاحد منهم، ويبدا باحد إن شركهن بفريضة فيعطى فريضته، فإن بقي بعد ذلك فهو للولد بينهم، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين. وميراث ولد الابناء إذا لم يكن دونهم ولد كمنزلة الولد سواء، ذكورهم كذكرهم، وإناثهم كإناثهم، يرثون كما يرثون، ويحجبون كما يحجبون، فإن اجتمع الولد وولد الابن، فإن كان في الولد ذكر فإنه لا ميراث معه لاحد من ولد الابن، وإن لم يكن في الولد ذكر وكانتا اثنتين فاكثر من ذلك من البنات فإنه لا ميراث لبنات الابن معهن إذا لم يكن مع بنات الابن ذكر هو من المتوفى بمنزلتهن او هو اطرف منهن، فيرد على من هو بمنزلته ومن فوقه من بنات الابناء فضلا إن فضل، فيقتسمونه للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، فإن لم يفضل شيء فلا شيء لهن، وإن لم يكن الولد إلا ابنة واحدة وترك ابنة ابن فاكثر من ذلك من بنات الابن بمنزلة واحدة فلهن السدس، تتمة الثلثين، فإن كان مع بنات الابن ذكر هو بمنزلتهن فلا سدس لهن ولا فريضة، ولكن إن فضل بعد فريضة اهل الفرائض كان ذلك الفضل لذلك الذكر ولمن بمنزلته من الإناث، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، وليس لمن هو اطرف منهن شيء، وإن كان لم يفضل شيء فلا شيء لهم. وميراث الإخوة من الام والاب، لا يرثون مع الولد الذكر، ولا مع ولد الابن الذكر، ولا مع الاب شيئا، وهم مع البنات وبنات الابناء ما لم يترك المتوفى جدا ابا اب يخلفون، ويبدا بمن كانت له فريضة فيعطون فرائضهم، فإن فضل بعد ذلك فضل كان للإخوة للام والاب بينهم على كتاب الله، إناثا كانوا او ذكورا، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، وإن لم يفضل شيء فلا شيء لهم، فإن لم يترك المتوفى ابا ولا جدا ابا اب، ولا ولدا ولا ولد ابن ذكرا ولا انثى، فإنه يفرض للاخت الواحدة للام والاب النصف، فإن كانتا اثنتين فاكثر من ذلك من الاخوات فرض لهن الثلثان، فإن كان معهن اخ ذكر فإنه لا فريضة لاحد من الاخوات، ويبدا بمن شركهن من اهل الفرائض فيعطون فرائضهم، فما فضل بعد ذلك كان بين الإخوة للام والاب، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، إلا في فريضة واحدة فقط لم يفضل لهم منها شيء فاشركوا مع بني امهم، وهي امراة توفيت فتركت زوجها , وامها , وإخوتها لامها , وإخوتها لابيها وامها، فكان لزوجها النصف، ولامها السدس، ولبني امها الثلث، فلم يفضل فيشرك بنو الام والاب في هذه الفريضة مع بني الام في ثلثهم، فيكون للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين , من اجل انهم كانوا كلهم بني ام المتوفى. وميراث الإخوة للاب إذا لم يكن معهم احد من بني الام والاب كميراث الإخوة للام والاب سواء، ذكورهم كذكرهم، وإناثهم كإناثهم، إلا انهم لا يشركون مع بني الام في هذه الفريضة التي شركهم فيها بنو الام والاب، فإذا اجتمع الإخوة من الام والاب، والإخوة من الاب، فكان في بني الاب والام ذكر، فلا ميراث معه لاحد من الإخوة من الاب، فإن لم يكن بنو الام والاب إلا امراة واحدة، وكان بنو الاب امراة واحدة او اكثر من ذلك من الإناث لا ذكر فيهن، فإنه يفرض للاخت من الام والاب النصف، ويفرض للاخوات من الاب السدس تتمة الثلثين. فإن كان مع بنات الاب ذكر فلا فريضة لهن، ويبدا باهل الفرائض فيعطون فرائضهم، فإن فضل بعد ذلك فضل كان بين بني الاب للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، وإن لم يفضل لهم شيء فلا شيء لهم، وإن كان بنو الام والاب امراتين فاكثر من ذلك من الإناث فرض لهن الثلثان، ولا ميراث معهن لبنات الاب، إلا ان يكون معهن ذكر من اب، فإن كان معهن ذكر بدئ بفرائض من كانت له فريضة فاعطوها، فإن فضل بعد ذلك فضل كان بين بني الاب، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، وإن لم يفضل لهم شيء فلا شيء لهم. وميراث الجد ابي الاب انه لا يرث مع الاب دنيا شيئا، وهو مع الولد الذكر ومع ابن الابن يفرض له السدس، وهو فيما سوى ذلك ما لم يترك المتوفى اخا او اختا من ابيه يخلف الجد، ويبدا باحد إن شركه من اهل الفرائض فيعطى فريضته، فإن فضل من المال السدس فاكثر منه كان للجد، وإن لم يفضل السدس فاكثر منه فرض للجد السدس فريضة. وميراث الجد ابي الاب مع الإخوة من الام والاب انهم يخلفون ويبدا باحد إن شركهم من اهل الفرائض فيعطون فرائضهم، فما بقي للجد والإخوة من شيء فإنه ينظر في ذلك ويحسب ايه افضل لحظ الجد، الثلث مما يحصل له والإخوة، ام ان يكون اخا يقاسم الإخوة فيما يحصل لهم وله للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، ام السدس من راس المال كله فارغا، فاي ذلك كان افضل لحظ الجد اعطيه الجد، وما بقي بعد ذلك بين الإخوة للاب والام إلا في فريضة واحدة تكون قسمتهم فيها على غير ذلك. الاكدرية: وهي امراة توفيت وتركت زوجها وامها وجدها واختها لابيها، فيفرض للزوج النصف، وللام الثلث، وللجد السدس، وللاخت النصف، ثم يجمع سدس الجد ونصف الاخت فيقسم كله اثلاثا، للجد منه الثلثان، وللاخت الثلث. وميراث الإخوة من الاب مع الجد إذا لم يكن معهم إخوة للام والاب كميراث الإخوة من الام والاب سواء، ذكرهم كذكرهم، وانثاهم كانثاهم، فإذا اجتمع الإخوة من الام والاب والإخوة من الاب، فإن بني الام والاب يعادون الجد ببني ابيهم، فيمنعونه بهم كثرة الميراث، فما حصل للإخوة بعد حظ الجد من شيء فإنه يكون لبني الام والاب، ولا يكون لبني الاب، إلا ان يكون بنو الام والاب إنما هي امراة واحدة، فإن كانت امراة واحدة فإنها تعاد الجد ببني ابيها ما كانوا، فما حصل لها ولهم من شيء كان لها دونهم وما بينها وبين ان تستكمل نصف المال، فإن كان فيما يحاز لها ولهم فضل على نصف المال كله فإن ذلك الفضل يكون بين بني الاب، للذكر مثل حظ الانثيين، وإن لم يفضل شيء فلا شيء لهم. وميراث الجدات ان ام الام لا ترث مع الام شيئا، وهي فيما سوى ذلك يفرض لها السدس فريضة، وإن ام الاب لا ترث مع الام شيئا، لا مع الاب، وهي فيما سوى ذلك يفرض لها السدس فريضة، فإن ترك المتوفى ثلاث جدات بمنزلة واحدة، ليس دونهم ام ولا اب، فالسدس بينهن ثلاثتهن، وهن ام ام الام، وام ام الاب، وام ابي الاب. وقال ابو الزناد: فإذا اجتمعت الجدتان ليس للمتوفى دونهما اب ولا ام، فإنا قد سمعنا انها إن كانت التي من قبل الام هي اقعدهما كان لها السدس من دون التي من قبل الاب، وإن كانتا من المتوفى بمنزلة واحدة او كانت التي من قبل الاب هي اقعدهما كان السدس بينهما نصفين ميراث امراة وابوين وزوج وابوين" .
Kharijah bin Zaid bin Thabit, may Allah have mercy on him, said: All the meanings of the obligatory shares (farā’iḍ), and their foundations, are from Zaid bin Thabit, may Allah have mercy on him, and Abu al-Zinad, may Allah have mercy on him, explained them according to the meanings of Zaid bin Thabit, may Allah have mercy on him: That a man inherits half of his wife’s estate if she leaves no child or grandson, and if she leaves a child or grandson, whether male or female, then her husband inherits a quarter of her estate, and it is not less than that. And a woman inherits a quarter from her husband if he leaves no child or grandson, and if he leaves a child or grandson, then his wife inherits an eighth from him.
And the mother’s inheritance from her child, when her son or daughter dies and leaves a child or grandson, whether male or female, or leaves two or more brothers or sisters, whether male or female, whether from both parents, or only from the father, or only from the mother, then she gets a sixth. And if the deceased leaves neither a child, nor a grandson, nor two or more brothers or sisters, then the mother gets a full third, except in two obligatory cases, and they are: If a man dies and leaves his wife and his parents, then his wife gets a quarter, and the mother gets a third of what remains, which is a quarter of the original estate. And if a woman dies and leaves her husband and her parents, then the husband gets half, and the mother gets a third of what remains, which is a sixth of the original estate.
And the inheritance of the mother’s brothers and sisters is that, with a child or grandson, whether male or female, they inherit nothing, nor with the father, nor with the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father). In everything else, their share is fixed: for one of them, whether male or female, a sixth; and if they are two or more, whether male or female, then a third, which they divide equally, the male receiving the same as the female.
And the father’s inheritance from his son or daughter, when they die, is that if the deceased leaves a son or a son’s son, then the father gets a sixth. And if the deceased leaves neither a son nor a son’s son, then the father remains, and those who share obligatory shares with him are given their shares first, then if a sixth or more remains, it is for the father, and if less than a sixth remains, then the father is given a sixth as an obligatory share.
And the children’s inheritance from their parents is that if a man or woman dies and leaves a single daughter, she gets half, and if there are two or more daughters, they get two-thirds. And if there is a son with them, then none of them has a fixed share, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the children, the male receiving the share of two females.
And the inheritance of grandsons, if there is no nearer child, is that they are equal to the children: their sons are like the sons, and their daughters are like the daughters; they inherit as they do, and are deprived as they are deprived. Then, if children and grandsons are together, if among the children there is a son, then none of the grandsons inherit with him. And if among the children there is no son, and there are two or more daughters, then the grandsons’ daughters do not inherit with them unless there is a son among the grandsons who is in the same degree to the deceased or closer, then he returns to those in his degree or closer among the grandsons’ daughters; if anything remains, they divide it, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if among the children there is only one daughter, and the deceased leaves one or more grandsons’ daughters in the same degree, then they get a sixth, completing the two-thirds. And if there is a son among the grandsons in the same degree, then neither a sixth nor any fixed share is for them, but if anything remains after the obligatory shares, it is for that son and the girls in his degree, the male receiving the share of two females, and those closer than them get nothing, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of paternal siblings is that they inherit nothing with a male child, or a male grandson, or with the father, and they are with the daughters and grandsons’ daughters, as long as the deceased did not leave a grandfather (i.e., father’s father), then they remain, and those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the paternal siblings according to the Book of Allah, whether male or female, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if the deceased leaves neither a father, nor a grandfather, nor a child, nor a grandson, whether male or female, then for a single sister from both parents, half is fixed, and if there are two or more sisters, two-thirds is fixed, and if there is a brother with them, then none of the sisters has a fixed share, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the paternal siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, except in one obligatory case in which nothing remains for them, so they share with the maternal siblings in their third, and that is: If a woman dies and leaves her husband, her mother, her maternal siblings, and her paternal siblings, then her husband gets half, her mother a sixth, and her maternal siblings a third, so nothing remains, so the paternal siblings share with the maternal siblings in their third, the male receiving the share of two females, because they are all children of the deceased’s mother.
And the inheritance of the father’s siblings with the grandfather, if there are no paternal siblings, is like the inheritance of the paternal siblings: their males are like their males, and their females are like their females, except that they do not share with the maternal siblings in the obligatory case in which the paternal siblings shared with them. Then, if the paternal siblings and the father’s siblings are together, if among the paternal siblings there is a male, then none of the father’s siblings inherit with him. And if among the paternal siblings there is only one female, and among the father’s siblings there is one or more females, with no male among them, then the paternal sister gets half, and the father’s sisters get a sixth, completing the two-thirds. And if there is a male among the father’s siblings, then they have no fixed share, and those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if among the paternal siblings there are two or more females, then they get two-thirds, and the father’s sisters do not inherit with them unless there is a male among the father’s siblings, then those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father) is that he inherits nothing with the father in this world, and with a male child or a son’s son, he gets a sixth, and in everything else, as long as the deceased did not leave a paternal brother or sister, the grandfather remains, and those who share obligatory shares with him are given their shares first, then if a sixth or more remains, it is for the grandfather, and if less than a sixth remains, then the grandfather is given a sixth as an obligatory share.
And the inheritance of the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father) with the paternal siblings is that they remain, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the grandfather and the siblings, and it is considered and calculated what is better for the grandfather: a third of what remains after the shares of the siblings, or that he joins the siblings as a brother and shares with them what they get, the male receiving the share of two females, or a sixth of the original estate alone; whichever is better for the grandfather is given to him, and what remains after that is for the paternal siblings, except in one obligatory case in which the division is otherwise.
And the Akdariyyah: and it is that a woman dies and leaves her husband, her mother, her grandfather, and her father’s sister, then the husband gets half, the mother a third, the grandfather a sixth, and the sister half, then the grandfather’s sixth and the sister’s half are combined, and all of this is divided into three parts: two-thirds for the grandfather, and a third for the sister.
And the inheritance of the father’s siblings with the grandfather, if there are no paternal siblings, is like the inheritance of the paternal siblings: their males are like their males, and their females are like their females, then if the paternal siblings and the father’s siblings are together, the paternal siblings compete with the father’s siblings for the grandfather, so they prevent him from a greater share, so what remains after the grandfather’s share for the siblings is for the paternal siblings, and not for the father’s siblings, unless among the paternal siblings there is only one female, then if she is one, she competes with the father’s siblings for the grandfather, however many they are, so what she and they get is for her, except what completes her half of the estate, then if what she and they get leaves anything from half the estate, the remainder is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of grandmothers is that the mother’s mother inherits nothing with the mother, and in everything else, she gets a sixth as an obligatory share, and the father’s mother inherits nothing with the mother or the father, and in everything else, she gets a sixth as an obligatory share. Then, if the deceased leaves three grandmothers in the same degree, and neither the mother nor the father is closer, then the sixth is divided among the three, and they are: the mother’s mother’s mother, the father’s mother’s mother, and the father’s father’s mother.
And Abu al-Zinad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Then, if two grandmothers are together, and neither the father nor the mother is closer to the deceased, we have heard that if the maternal grandmother is the closest, then she gets the sixth, to the exclusion of the paternal grandmother, and if they are both in the same degree to the deceased, or the paternal grandmother is the closest, then the sixth is divided equally between them.
And the mother’s inheritance from her child, when her son or daughter dies and leaves a child or grandson, whether male or female, or leaves two or more brothers or sisters, whether male or female, whether from both parents, or only from the father, or only from the mother, then she gets a sixth. And if the deceased leaves neither a child, nor a grandson, nor two or more brothers or sisters, then the mother gets a full third, except in two obligatory cases, and they are: If a man dies and leaves his wife and his parents, then his wife gets a quarter, and the mother gets a third of what remains, which is a quarter of the original estate. And if a woman dies and leaves her husband and her parents, then the husband gets half, and the mother gets a third of what remains, which is a sixth of the original estate.
And the inheritance of the mother’s brothers and sisters is that, with a child or grandson, whether male or female, they inherit nothing, nor with the father, nor with the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father). In everything else, their share is fixed: for one of them, whether male or female, a sixth; and if they are two or more, whether male or female, then a third, which they divide equally, the male receiving the same as the female.
And the father’s inheritance from his son or daughter, when they die, is that if the deceased leaves a son or a son’s son, then the father gets a sixth. And if the deceased leaves neither a son nor a son’s son, then the father remains, and those who share obligatory shares with him are given their shares first, then if a sixth or more remains, it is for the father, and if less than a sixth remains, then the father is given a sixth as an obligatory share.
And the children’s inheritance from their parents is that if a man or woman dies and leaves a single daughter, she gets half, and if there are two or more daughters, they get two-thirds. And if there is a son with them, then none of them has a fixed share, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the children, the male receiving the share of two females.
And the inheritance of grandsons, if there is no nearer child, is that they are equal to the children: their sons are like the sons, and their daughters are like the daughters; they inherit as they do, and are deprived as they are deprived. Then, if children and grandsons are together, if among the children there is a son, then none of the grandsons inherit with him. And if among the children there is no son, and there are two or more daughters, then the grandsons’ daughters do not inherit with them unless there is a son among the grandsons who is in the same degree to the deceased or closer, then he returns to those in his degree or closer among the grandsons’ daughters; if anything remains, they divide it, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if among the children there is only one daughter, and the deceased leaves one or more grandsons’ daughters in the same degree, then they get a sixth, completing the two-thirds. And if there is a son among the grandsons in the same degree, then neither a sixth nor any fixed share is for them, but if anything remains after the obligatory shares, it is for that son and the girls in his degree, the male receiving the share of two females, and those closer than them get nothing, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of paternal siblings is that they inherit nothing with a male child, or a male grandson, or with the father, and they are with the daughters and grandsons’ daughters, as long as the deceased did not leave a grandfather (i.e., father’s father), then they remain, and those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the paternal siblings according to the Book of Allah, whether male or female, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if the deceased leaves neither a father, nor a grandfather, nor a child, nor a grandson, whether male or female, then for a single sister from both parents, half is fixed, and if there are two or more sisters, two-thirds is fixed, and if there is a brother with them, then none of the sisters has a fixed share, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the paternal siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, except in one obligatory case in which nothing remains for them, so they share with the maternal siblings in their third, and that is: If a woman dies and leaves her husband, her mother, her maternal siblings, and her paternal siblings, then her husband gets half, her mother a sixth, and her maternal siblings a third, so nothing remains, so the paternal siblings share with the maternal siblings in their third, the male receiving the share of two females, because they are all children of the deceased’s mother.
And the inheritance of the father’s siblings with the grandfather, if there are no paternal siblings, is like the inheritance of the paternal siblings: their males are like their males, and their females are like their females, except that they do not share with the maternal siblings in the obligatory case in which the paternal siblings shared with them. Then, if the paternal siblings and the father’s siblings are together, if among the paternal siblings there is a male, then none of the father’s siblings inherit with him. And if among the paternal siblings there is only one female, and among the father’s siblings there is one or more females, with no male among them, then the paternal sister gets half, and the father’s sisters get a sixth, completing the two-thirds. And if there is a male among the father’s siblings, then they have no fixed share, and those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing. And if among the paternal siblings there are two or more females, then they get two-thirds, and the father’s sisters do not inherit with them unless there is a male among the father’s siblings, then those with obligatory shares are given their shares first, then what remains is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father) is that he inherits nothing with the father in this world, and with a male child or a son’s son, he gets a sixth, and in everything else, as long as the deceased did not leave a paternal brother or sister, the grandfather remains, and those who share obligatory shares with him are given their shares first, then if a sixth or more remains, it is for the grandfather, and if less than a sixth remains, then the grandfather is given a sixth as an obligatory share.
And the inheritance of the grandfather (i.e., the father’s father) with the paternal siblings is that they remain, and those who share obligatory shares with them are given their shares first, then what remains is for the grandfather and the siblings, and it is considered and calculated what is better for the grandfather: a third of what remains after the shares of the siblings, or that he joins the siblings as a brother and shares with them what they get, the male receiving the share of two females, or a sixth of the original estate alone; whichever is better for the grandfather is given to him, and what remains after that is for the paternal siblings, except in one obligatory case in which the division is otherwise.
And the Akdariyyah: and it is that a woman dies and leaves her husband, her mother, her grandfather, and her father’s sister, then the husband gets half, the mother a third, the grandfather a sixth, and the sister half, then the grandfather’s sixth and the sister’s half are combined, and all of this is divided into three parts: two-thirds for the grandfather, and a third for the sister.
And the inheritance of the father’s siblings with the grandfather, if there are no paternal siblings, is like the inheritance of the paternal siblings: their males are like their males, and their females are like their females, then if the paternal siblings and the father’s siblings are together, the paternal siblings compete with the father’s siblings for the grandfather, so they prevent him from a greater share, so what remains after the grandfather’s share for the siblings is for the paternal siblings, and not for the father’s siblings, unless among the paternal siblings there is only one female, then if she is one, she competes with the father’s siblings for the grandfather, however many they are, so what she and they get is for her, except what completes her half of the estate, then if what she and they get leaves anything from half the estate, the remainder is for the father’s siblings, the male receiving the share of two females, and if nothing remains, then they get nothing.
And the inheritance of grandmothers is that the mother’s mother inherits nothing with the mother, and in everything else, she gets a sixth as an obligatory share, and the father’s mother inherits nothing with the mother or the father, and in everything else, she gets a sixth as an obligatory share. Then, if the deceased leaves three grandmothers in the same degree, and neither the mother nor the father is closer, then the sixth is divided among the three, and they are: the mother’s mother’s mother, the father’s mother’s mother, and the father’s father’s mother.
And Abu al-Zinad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Then, if two grandmothers are together, and neither the father nor the mother is closer to the deceased, we have heard that if the maternal grandmother is the closest, then she gets the sixth, to the exclusion of the paternal grandmother, and if they are both in the same degree to the deceased, or the paternal grandmother is the closest, then the sixth is divided equally between them.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 6
نا نا سفيان بن عيينة، قال: انا منصور، عن إبراهيم، عن علقمة، قال: قال عبد الله: كان عمر بن الخطاب إذا سلك بنا طريقا فاتبعناه وجدناه سهلا، وإنه سئل عن امراة وابوين، فقال:" للمراة الربع، وللام ثلث ما بقي، وما بقي فللاب" .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "When Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) would choose a path for us, we would follow behind him and that path would seem easy to us. And when he was asked about a woman and her parents (regarding inheritance), he said: The woman gets one-fourth, the mother gets one-third of the remaining wealth, and whatever remains after that will be for the father."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 7
نا نا هشيم، قال: انا الاعمش، قال: نا إبراهيم، قال: قال عبد الله بن مسعود: إن عمر كان إذا اخذ بنا طريقا فسلكناه وجدناه سهلا، وإنه اتي في امراة وابوين،" فجعلهما من اربعة اسهم، للمراة الربع، وللام ثلث ما بقي، وللاب ما بقي، وهو سهمان" .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "When Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) chose a way for us, we would follow it and it would seem easy to us. And when a case regarding a woman and her parents (concerning inheritance division) was presented to him, he divided the inheritance into four parts: one fourth for the woman, one third of the remaining wealth for the mother, and whatever remained would be for the father, that is, two parts for the father."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 8
نا نا ابو معاوية، قال: نا الاعمش، عن إبراهيم، قال: اتي عبد الله في امراة وابوين، فقال: إن عمر بن الخطاب كان إذا سلك بنا طريقا سلكناه، وانه اتي في امراة وابوين،" فجعلهما من اربعة اسهم، اعطى المراة الربع، واعطى الام ثلث ما بقي، واعطى الاب سائر ذلك" .
It is narrated from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) that a case regarding a woman and her parents’ inheritance was presented to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said:“Whenever Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) adopted a way for us, we would follow it, and a similar case was also presented to him. He divided the inheritance into four parts, gave the woman one-fourth, gave the mother one-third of the remaining wealth, and gave the father all that remained.”
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 9
نا نا هشيم، قال: انا خالد، عن ابي قلابة، ان عثمان بن عفان اتي في امراة وابوين،" فجعلهما من اربعة" .
It is narrated from Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) that a case regarding a woman and her parents (concerning the division of inheritance) was presented to Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), so he divided the inheritance into four shares.
تخریج الحدیث: