صحیح ابن حبان
Sahih Ibn Hibban
كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
Book of Expeditions
باب الفداء وفك الأسرى - ذكر ما يستحب للإمام استعمال المفاداة بين المسلمين وبين الأعداء إذا رأى ذلك لهم صلاحا-
Chapter on Ransom and Freeing Captives – On the recommendation for the leader to use prisoner exchange if it benefits the Muslims.
Hadith Number: 4859
اخبرنا الحسن بن سفيان ، قال: حدثنا هناد بن السري ، قال: اخبرنا عبد الله بن المبارك ، عن معمر ، عن ايوب ، عن ابي قلابة ، عن ابي المهلب ، عن عمران بن حصين ، ثم قال:" اسرت ثقيف رجلين من اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، واسر اصحاب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلا من بني عامر بن صعصعة، فمر به على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو موثق، فناداه: يا محمد، يا محمد، فاقبل إليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال: على ما احبس؟ فقال: بجريرة حلفائك، ثم مضى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فناداه، فاقبل إليه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال له الاسير: إني مسلم، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم:" لو قلتها، وانت تملك امرك، افلحت كل الفلاح"، ثم مضى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فناداه ايضا، فاقبل إليه، فقال: إني جائع فاطعمني، فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم هذه حاجتك، ثم إن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فداه بالرجلين اللذين كانت ثقيف اسرتهما ، قال ابو حاتم رضي الله عنه: قول الاسير: إني مسلم وترك النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ذلك منه، كان لانه صلى الله عليه وسلم علم منه بإعلام الله جل وعز إياه، انه كاذب في قوله، فلم يقبل ذلك منه في اسره، كما كان يقبل مثله من مثله إذا لم يكن اسيرا، فاما اليوم فقد انقطع الوحي، فإذا قال الحربي: إني مسلم، قبل ذلك منه، ورفع عنه السيف سواء كان اسيرا او محاربا".
Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: People belonging to the tribe of Thaqif captured two companions of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). The companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) captured a man belonging to the tribe of Banu Amir bin Sa’sa’ah. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by him while he was tied up. He addressed you (peace and blessings be upon him): O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards him. He asked: Why have I been imprisoned? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Because of the excesses of your allies. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved on, but he called you (peace and blessings be upon him) again. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards him. The captive submitted: I become a Muslim. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you say this, then you are the master of your own affair and you will attain complete success. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved on, but he called you (peace and blessings be upon him) again. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards him. He said: I am hungry, give me something to eat. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is a matter of your need. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him as ransom for the two men whom the people of Thaqif had captured. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The statement of this captive that I am a Muslim, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not paying attention to his statement, the reason for this is: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had been informed by Allah Almighty that this person was lying in his statement, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not accept his confession during his captivity, as he would accept such a confession in similar situations when the person was not a captive. As for the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the revelation had ceased, so when any enemy says: I am a Muslim, this statement will be accepted from him and the sword will be lifted from him, whether that person is a captive or a combatant.
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