اللؤلؤ والمرجان
Al-Lulu wal-Marjan
باب العتق
Manumission
Hadith Number: 958
958 صحيح حديث عبد الله بن عمر، ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: من اعتق شركا له في عبد، فكان له مال يبلغ ثمن العبد، قوم العبد قيمة عدل فاعطى شركاءه حصصهم وعتق عليه، وإلا فقد عتق منه ما عتق
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever frees his share in a jointly-owned slave, and he has enough wealth to pay the full price of the slave, then the price will be assessed fairly, and the remaining partners will be given the price of their shares (from his wealth), and the slave will be freed on his behalf. Otherwise, whatever portion of the slave has been freed, is freed (for the freedom of the remaining shares, the slave himself will have to strive and pay the price).
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، أخرجه البخاري في: 49 كتاب العتق: 4 باب إذا أعتق عبدا بين اثنين»
باب ذكر سعاية العبد
Slave’s partial payment for freedom
Hadith Number: 959
959 صحيح حديث ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: من اعتق شقيصا من مملوكه فعليه خلاصه في ماله، فإن لم يكن له مال قوم المملوك قيمة عدل، ثم استسعي غير مشقوق عليه
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever frees his share in a jointly-owned slave, it is necessary for him to free the slave completely from his own wealth. But if he does not have enough wealth, then the value of the slave should be assessed justly, and the slave should be told to earn and pay the price of the remaining share himself in his effort for freedom, but no pressure should be put on the slave for this.
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، أخرجه البخاري في: 47 كتاب الشركة: 5 باب تقويم الأشياء بين الشركاء بقيمة عدل»
باب إِنما الولاء لمن أعتق
Allegiance (wala’) belongs to the emancipator
Hadith Number: 960
960 صحيح حديث عائشة ان بريرة جاءت تستعينها في كتابتها، ولم تكن قضت من كتابتها شيئا قالت لها عائشة: ارجعي إلى اهلك فإن احبوا ان اقضي عنك كتابتك ويكون ولاؤك لي فعلت فذكرت ذلك بريرة لاهلها فابوا، وقالوا: إن شاءت ان تحتسب عليك فلتفعل ويكون ولاؤك لنا؛ فذكرت ذلك لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ابتاعي فاعتقي، فإنما الولاء لمن اعتق قال، ثم قام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال: ما بال اناس يشترطون شروطا ليست في كتاب الله، من اشترط شرطا ليس في كتاب الله فليس له، وإن شرط مائة شرط، شرط الله احق واوثق
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated that Lady Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to her to seek help regarding her contract of emancipation. She had not yet paid anything. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said to her, "Go to your masters. If they agree that I pay the full amount of your contract and your allegiance (wala’) remains with me, then I can do so." Lady Barirah presented this proposal to her masters, but they refused and said, "If she (Lady Aisha) wants to do this good deed for you with the intention of reward, she may do so, but your allegiance will remain with us." Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), so he said, "Buy her and set her free. Allegiance belongs only to the one who sets free." The narrator stated that then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed the people and said, "What is wrong with some people that they stipulate conditions which are not found in the Book of Allah? So whoever stipulates a condition that is not in the Book of Allah, he will gain nothing from it, even if he stipulates a hundred such conditions. The condition of Allah is the most reasonable and the strongest."
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، أخرجه البخاري في: 50 كتاب المكاتب: 2 باب ما يجوز من شروط المكاتب»
Hadith Number: 961
961 صحيح حديث عائشة، زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، قالت: كان في بريرة ثلاث سنن: إحدى السنن انها اعتقت فخيرت في زوجها، وقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: الولاء لمن اعتق ودخل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم والبرمة تفور بلحم، فقرب إليه خبز وادم من ادم البيت؛ فقال: الم ار البرمة فيها لحم قالوا: بلى، ولكن ذلك لحم تصدق به على بريرة، وانت لا تاكل الصدقة؛ قال: عليها صدقة ولنا هدية
The purified wife of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), narrated that three religious rulings were learned from Barirah: first, that she was freed and then given the choice regarding her husband (whether she wished to remain in his marriage or separate from him); and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said (regarding her), "Wala is established only for the one who sets free." And once, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came home and saw that meat was being cooked in a pot. Then, bread and some household curry were presented before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to eat. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "I saw meat being cooked in the pot?" It was submitted, "Yes, but that meat was given to Barirah as charity, and you do not eat charity." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "That is charity for her, and for us, it is a gift from Barirah."
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، _x000D_ أخرجه البخاري في: 68 كتاب الطلاق: 14 باب لا يكون بيع الأمة طلاقا»
باب النهى عن بيع الولاء وهبته
Prohibition of selling or gifting wala’
Hadith Number: 962
962 صحيح حديث ابن عمر، قال: نهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن بيع الولاء وعن هبته
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade selling or gifting of wala (the right of inheritance from a freed slave).
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، _x000D_ أخرجه البخاري في: 49 كتاب العتق: 10 باب بيع الولاء وهبته»
باب تحريم تولى العتيق غير مواليه
Prohibition of adopting emancipated slave as client by others
Hadith Number: 963
963 صحيح حديث علي بن ابي طالب رضي الله عنه، خطب على منبر من آجر وعليه سيف فيه صحيفة معلقة، فقال: والله ما عندنا من كتاب يقرا إلا كتاب الله وما في هذه الصحيفة، فنشرها؛ فإذا فيها: اسنان الإبل، وإذا فيها: المدينة حرم من عير إلى كذا فمن احدث فيها حدثا فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس اجمعين، لا يقبل الله منه صرفا ولا عدلا، وإذا فيه: ذمة المسلمين واحدة، يسعى بها ادناهم، فمن اخفر مسلما فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس اجمعين، لا يقبل الله منه صرفا ولا عدلا، وإذا فيها: من والى قوما بغير إذن مواليه فعليه لعنة الله والملائكة والناس اجمعين، لا يقبل الله منه صرفا ولا عدلا
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) delivered a sermon standing on a pulpit made of bricks. He was holding a sword, from which a scroll was hanging. He said: "By Allah, we have no book to be read except the Book of Allah, and nothing else except this scroll." Then he opened it, and in it was written the ages of camels to be given in blood money (diyah), (i.e., that camels of such and such ages should be given in diyah). And in it was also written that the land of Madinah Tayyibah, from the mountain of 'Ayr to the mountain of Thawr, is a sanctuary (Haram). So whoever introduces any new thing (innovation) in it, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. Allah will not accept any obligatory or voluntary act of worship from him. And in it was also written that the responsibility (pledge or protection) of the Muslims is one, and even the lowest among the Muslims can grant protection. So whoever breaks the protection given by a Muslim, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. Allah will not accept from him any obligatory or voluntary act of worship. And in it was also written that whoever establishes a bond of allegiance (wala’) with someone without the permission of his masters, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. Allah will not accept from him any obligatory or voluntary prayer.
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، أخرجه البخاري في: 96 كتاب الاعتصام: 5 باب ما يكره من التعمق والتنازع في العلم»
باب فضل العتق
Virtue of freeing slaves
Hadith Number: 964
964 صحيح حديث ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه، قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: ايما رجل اعتق امرءا مسلما استنقذالله بكل عضو منه عضوا منه من النار
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever frees a Muslim (slave), Allah Almighty will free one limb of that person’s body from Hellfire in exchange for every limb of the slave’s body.
تخریج الحدیث: «صحیح، _x000D_ أخرجه البخاري في: 49 كتاب العتق: 1 باب ما جاء في العتق وفضله»