Two women were sitting in a house or a room making socks. One of the women went outside and was pricked in the hand by the needle used for sewing the socks. She made a claim against the other woman. This case came before Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them), and he said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If people's claims were accepted merely on the basis of their assertion, many people's blood and wealth would be destroyed." When there is no witness, then warn the other woman, the one accused, to fear Allah and recite before her this verse: (Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths...) Accordingly, when the people warned her to fear Allah, she confessed. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The oath is upon the defendant. If he swears a false oath and seizes someone’s wealth, then he will be subject to the warning mentioned in the verse."

The purified wife of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) heard the sound of a dispute at the door of his chamber and came to those who were disputing. He (peace be upon him) said to them: "I am also a human being, so when someone brings a dispute to me, it is possible that one of the parties presents his argument better than the other, and I think he is truthful, and thus I give a decision in his favor. But if I, relying on his apparent statement, grant him the right of another Muslim, then I am actually giving him a piece of the Fire (of Hell). So he may take it or leave it."

Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that Hind bint Utbah submitted, "O Messenger of Allah! Abu Sufyan (her husband) is miserly and does not give me enough that would suffice for me and my children. If I take from his wealth without his knowledge (it works for us)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "You may take according to custom that which is sufficient for you and your children."

Narrated by Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): Hazrat Hind bint Utbah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to the service of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) after embracing Islam and said: O Messenger of Allah! There was no household on the face of the earth whose humiliation was more pleasing to me than the humiliation of your household, but today there is no household on the face of the earth whose honor is more pleasing to me than the honor of your household. The Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There will be even more progress in this, by the One in whose hand is my soul! Then Hind said: O Messenger of Allah! Abu Sufyan is very miserly, so is there any harm if I feed and clothe the children from his wealth (without his permission)? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, but I think it should be according to what is customary.

Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah the Exalted has made disobedience to mothers (and fathers), burying daughters alive, not fulfilling (obligatory rights), and unlawfully seizing the wealth of others forbidden for you. And He has disliked idle talk, excessive questioning, and wasting wealth for you.

Hazrat Amr bin Al-Aas (may Allah be pleased with him) heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say that when a ruler makes a decision based on his ijtihad (independent reasoning) and his decision is correct, he receives a double reward, and when he makes a decision based on ijtihad and makes a mistake, he receives a single reward.

Hazrat Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to his son (Ubaidullah), who was in Sijistan at the time, that do not judge between two people when you are angry, because I heard from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that no arbitrator should judge between two people when he is angry.

Narrated Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever introduces into our religion something that is not part of it, it will be rejected.

Hazrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: There were two women, and each had a child with her. Then a wolf came and took away the child of one of them. One of the women said, "The wolf has taken your son," and the other said, "It has taken your son." Both of them took their case to Dawud (peace be upon him). He decided in favor of the elder woman. After that, both of them went to Sulaiman bin Dawud (peace be upon them) and informed him about the dispute. He said, "Alright, bring me a knife so that I may cut the child into two pieces and give each of you a half." Upon hearing this, the younger woman said, "May Allah have mercy on you! Do not do so; I have accepted that the child belongs to the elder woman." At this, Sulaiman (peace be upon him) decided in favor of the younger woman.

Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A man bought a house from another man, and the buyer found a pot full of gold in that house. He said to the seller, "Brother, take this pot, for I bought the house from you, not the gold." But the previous owner said, "I sold you the house along with everything that is inside it." Both of them took their case to a third person. The arbitrator asked them, "Do you have any children?" One of them said, "I have a boy," and the other said, "I have a girl." The arbitrator said to them, "Marry the boy to the girl and spend the gold on them, and also give charity."