It is narrated from Amir al-Mu'minin Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that he wrote a letter to the people of Basra one year before his death, stating that if any Magian (Zoroastrian) has made his mahram woman his wife, then separate the two of them. And Amir al-Mu'minin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not take jizya from the Magians until Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) testified that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had taken jizya from the Magians of Hajar.

Sayyiduna Amr bin Awf Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), who was an ally of Banu Amir bin Lu'ayy and had participated in Badr, narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) to Bahrain to collect its jizya, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had made peace with the people of Bahrain and had appointed Sayyiduna Alaa bin Hadrami (may Allah be pleased with him) as their governor. So, he (Abu Ubaidah, may Allah be pleased with him) brought the wealth of Bahrain, and when the Ansar heard of his arrival, they performed the morning prayer with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Then, when he (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) finished the Fajr prayer and returned, the Ansar came before him. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) saw them, he smiled and said: "I think you have heard that Abu Ubaidah (may Allah be pleased with him) has brought some wealth." They said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah!" He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Rejoice and hope for what pleases you. By Allah! I do not fear that you will become poor, but I fear that the world will be opened up for you (that is, there will be an abundance of luxurious facilities), just as it was opened up for those before you. Then you will begin to envy and compete with one another for it, as they did, and it will destroy you as it destroyed them."

Narrated from Amir al-Mu’minin Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) that he sent people to the major cities so that they would fight against the polytheists. When Hormuzan (the governor of Mada’in) became Muslim, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him,“I want to take your opinion: from which of these (three) places (Persia, Isfahan, and Azerbaijan) should the fighting begin?”Hormuzan said,“Yes, the example of this and the example of the enemies of the Muslims who live here is like a bird that has one head, two wings, and two legs. If one wing is broken, its two legs and head will stand with the other wing. If the second wing is also broken, then the two legs and head will stand. But if the head is broken, then both legs and both wings will become useless, and the head as well. So the head is Kisra (the King of Persia), one wing is Caesar (the King of Rome), and the other wing is Persia. Therefore, order the Muslims to attack Kisra.”So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) called us and appointed Nu’man bin Muqarrin (may Allah be pleased with him) as our leader, until when we reached the enemy’s land, Kisra’s governor came before us with forty thousand troops. One of his interpreters stood up and said,“Let one of you speak to me.”Sayyiduna Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) said,“Ask whatever you wish.”He said,“Who are you people?”Sayyiduna Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) said,“We are people of Arabia. We were in severe misery and hardship. Out of hunger, we used to suck on leather and date stones, and we wore clothes of leather and hair, and we used to worship trees and stones. We were in this state when suddenly the Owner of the heavens and the earth sent to us a Prophet from among our own people, whose father and mother we knew. Our Prophet, the Messenger of our Lord, commanded us to fight you until you worship Allah alone or pay jizyah. And our Prophet conveyed to us the message of our Lord: whoever among us is killed will enter Paradise in such comfort as has never been seen, and whoever among us remains will become the master of your necks.”(Sayyiduna Mughirah, may Allah be pleased with him, after finishing this conversation, said to Sayyiduna Nu’man, may Allah be pleased with him,“Begin the battle.”) So Sayyiduna Nu’man (may Allah be pleased with him) said,“You have often participated in battles with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and you have never suffered regret or humiliation (i.e., defeat), even though you do not know the rules of war? But I have often participated in battles with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He would not begin fighting at the start of the day, but would wait until the winds began to blow and the time for prayer arrived, and then he would fight.”

Sayyiduna Abu Humayd Sa'idi رضي الله عنه says: We fought in the battle of Tabuk along with the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم, and the king of Aylah gave the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم a white mule, and the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم gave him a cloak, and wrote a document for his kingdom in his name, meaning he allowed him to remain the ruler there.

Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "Whoever kills a dhimmi (non-Muslim under Muslim protection) unjustly will not even smell the fragrance of Paradise, and indeed, the fragrance of Paradise is perceived from a distance of forty years."

Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): When Khyber was conquered, a (roasted) goat in which poison had been mixed was presented as a gift to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) from the Jews. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Gather all the Jews who are here." So they were gathered before him. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "I am going to ask you something, will you tell me the truth?" They said, "Yes." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked them: "(Tell me) who is your father?" They said, "So-and-so." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "You have lied; your father is so-and-so." They said, "You have spoken the truth." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Now I will ask you another thing, will you tell me the truth?" They said, "Yes, O Abul Qasim! If we lie, you will find out our lie just as you found out our lie about our father (his name)." So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked them, "(Tell me) who are the people of Hell?" They said, "We will stay in Hell for only a few days, then after us you will be our successors in it." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "You will remain in it humiliated. By Allah! We will never be your successors in it." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "(Now) if I ask you something, will you tell the truth?" They said, "Yes, O Abul Qasim (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Did you put poison in this goat?" They said, "Yes." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "What made you do this?" They said, "We wanted that if you are a liar, we would be rid of you, and if you are a Prophet, then it would not harm you."

Sahl bin Abi Hathma (may Allah be pleased with him) says that Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhayyisa bin Mas’ud bin Zaid went to Khaybar, and at that time the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had a peace treaty with the Jews. Then the two of them separated (for some need), and when Muhayyisa came to Abdullah bin Sahl, he saw that he was lying in his own blood—someone had killed him. Muhayyisa buried him and then came to Madinah. Abdur Rahman bin Sahl (the brother of the murdered Abdullah bin Sahl), Muhayyisa, and their brother Huwayyisa, who were sons of Mas’ud, went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Abdur Rahman began to speak, but the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said,“Let the elder speak, let the elder speak.”Abdur Rahman was the youngest among them, so upon hearing this, he became silent. Then Muhayyisa and Huwayyisa spoke. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said,“What do you want?”Either you swear an oath that so-and-so killed Abdullah and establish your right over the killer. They said,“How can we swear an oath? We did not see it with our own eyes.”The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said,“Then the Jews will swear fifty oaths and clear themselves.”They said,“They are disbelievers; how can we trust their oaths?”In the end, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) paid the blood money for Abdur Rahman from his own side. (may Allah be pleased with him)

Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was affected by magic, to the extent that he (peace be upon him) would imagine that he had done something, although he had not actually done it.

‘Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) during the Battle of Tabuk, and he (peace be upon him) was in a leather tent at that time. He (peace be upon him) said:“Remember six things that will happen before the Hour: (1) My death; (2) then the conquest of Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem); (3) then a disease that will spread among you like the plague spreads among sheep; (4) then wealth will become abundant, so much so that if a man is given a hundred dinars, he will still be dissatisfied; (5) then there will be a tribulation, such that no house of the Arabs will remain in which it does not enter; (6) then there will be a truce between you and the Christians, and they will betray you and come against you with eighty banners, and under each banner will be twelve thousand men.”

Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he (once said to the people): "What will be your condition when you will not receive even a single gold coin or a single rupee from the income of jizya?" Someone asked, "O Abu Hurairah! What do you think, how will this happen?" He said, "Yes! By Him in whose hand is the life of Abu Hurairah, (I know this) from the saying of the Truthful and Trusted (the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him)." People asked, "For what reason will this happen?" He said, "The sanctity of the covenant of Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) will be violated (Muslims will act deceitfully), so Allah Almighty will strengthen the hearts of the dhimmis and they will not pay the jizya."