بلوغ المرام
Bulughul Maram
(أحاديث في العتق)
Hadith Number: 1220
عن ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: «ايما امرىء مسلم اعتق امرا مسلما استنقذ الله بكل عضو منه عضوا منه من النار» متفق عليه. وللترمذي وصححه عن ابي امامة:"وايما امرئ مسلم اعتق امراتين مسلمتين كانتا فكاكه من النار". ولابي داود: من حديث كعب بن مرة:"وايما امراة اعتقت امراة مسلمة كانت فكاكها من النار.
Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Any Muslim, who emancipates another Muslim man, Allah will set free from Hell Fire an organ of his body, for every organ of the other’s (i.e. from the body of the emancipated person).”Agreed upon. At-Tirmidhi transmitted on the authority of Abu Umamah (RAA),“The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Any Muslim man, who emancipates two Muslim women, they will be his release from Hell Fire.”At-Tirmidhi graded it as Sahih. Abu Dawud transmitted on the authority of Ka’b bin Murrah (RAA),“The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Any Muslim woman, who emancipates another Muslim woman, she will be her release from Hell Fire.”
Hadith Number: 1221
وعن ابي ذر رضي الله عنه قال: سالت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اي العمل افضل؟ قال: «إيمان بالله وجهاد في سبيله» قلت: فاي الرقاب افضل؟ قال: «اغلاها ثمنا وانفسها عند اهلها» متفق عليه.
Abu Dharr (RAA) narrated, I asked the Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) ‘Which action is the most excellent?’ He replied,“Faith in Allah and Jihad in His Cause.”I then asked, ‘Which slaves are the most excellent (for the purpose of emancipating them)’ and he replied,“Those whose prices are the highest and are the most valuable to their owners.”Agreed upon.
Hadith Number: 1222
وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: «من اعتق شركا له في عبد فكان له مال يبلغ ثمن العبد قوم عليه قيمة عدل فاعطي شركاؤه حصصهم وعتق عليه العبد وإلا فقد عتق منه ما عتق» متفق عليه. ولهما: عن ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه"وإلا قوم عليه واستسعي غير مشقوق عليه". وقيل: إن السعاية مدرجة في الخبر.
Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Anyone who emancipates his share in a slave and has enough money to pay the full price for him, a fair price for the slave should be fixed. His partners should be given their shares, and the slave should thus be emancipated. Otherwise he is emancipated only to the extent of the first man’s share.”Agreed upon, Abu Hurairah (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Otherwise his value will be estimated and he will be required to work to pay for his freedom, but he must not be overburdened.”Agreed upon. And it has been said that the requirement to work was Mudraj (words of the narrator lumped into the narration).
Hadith Number: 1223
وعن ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: «لا يجزي ولد والده إلا ان يجده مملوكا فيشتريه فيعتقه» رواه مسلم.
Abu Hurairah (RAA), narrated that The Messenger of Allah said,“A son cannot ever repay his parents what he owes them, unless he finds them in slavery, then buys them and emancipates them.”Related by Muslim.
Hadith Number: 1224
وعن سمرة بن جندب رضي الله عنه ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال:«من ملك ذا رحم محرم فهو حر» رواه احمد والاربعة ورجح جمع من الحفاظ انه موقوف.
Samurah bin Jundub (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Whoever obtains possession of a relative, who is next of kin, that person becomes free.”Related by Ahmad and the four Imams. Some scholars are of the opinion that it is Mawquf (not connected to the Prophet.)
Hadith Number: 1225
وعن عمران بن حصين رضي الله عنهما: ان رجلا اعتق ستة مملوكين له عند موته لم يكن له مال غيرهم فدعا بهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فجزاهم اثلاثا ثم اقرع بينهم فاعتق اثنين وارق اربعة وقال له قولا شديدا. رواه مسلم.
’Imran bin Husain (RAA) narrated, ‘A man who had no other property emancipated six of his slaves at the time of his death. Allah’s Messenger ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم )sent for them, and after dividing them into three groups, he cast lots among them, set two of them free and kept four in slavery, and spoke very harshly to the man (who emancipated them).’ Related by Muslim.
Hadith Number: 1226
وعن سفينة رضي الله عنه قال: كنت مملوكا لام سلمة فقالت: اعتقك واشترط عليك ان تخدم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ما عشت. رواه احمد وابو داود والنسائي والحاكم.
Safinah (RAA) narrated, ‘I was a slave of Umm Salamah and she said, ‘I shall emancipate you, but on the condition that you serve Allah’s Messenger ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) as long as you live.’ Related by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa’i and Al-Hakim.
Hadith Number: 1227
وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال: «إنما الولاء لمن اعتق» متفق عليه في حديث طويل.
'A’ishah (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“Wala’ is (legally) for the manumitter.”Agreed upon. It is part of a long Hadith (refer to hadith no. 811).
Hadith Number: 1228
وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: «الولاء لحمة كلحمة النسب لا يباع ولا يوهب» رواه الشافعي وصححه ابن حبان والحاكم واصله في الصحيحين بغير هذا اللفظ.
Ibn 'Umar (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah ( صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ) said:“The Wala’ (of a manumitted slave) is considered as one’s lineage, not to be sold or donated (refer to hadith no. 984).”Related by Ash-Shafi’i. Ibn Hibban and Al-Hakim graded it as Sahih. It is also related by Al-Bukhari and Muslim with different wording
باب المدبر والمكاتب وأم الولد
Hadith Number: 1229
عن جابر رضي الله عنه ان رجلا من الانصار اعتق غلاما له عن دبر لم يكن له مال غيره فبلغ ذلك النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقال: «من يشتريه مني؟» فاشتراه نعيم بن عبد الله بثمانمائة درهم. متفق عليه وفي لفظ للبخاري:" فاحتاج". وفي رواية النسائي: وكان عليه دين فباعه بثمانمائة درهم فاعطاه وقال: «اقض دينك» .
Jabir bin ·Abdullah (RAA) narrated that A man from the Ansar declared that his slave lad would be free after his death (would be Mudabbar), yet he had no other property. When the Prophet heard of that he said,“Who will buy him from me?”And Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah bought him for eight hundred Dirhams. Agreed upon. In a narration by Al-Bukhari:“The man became needy,’ (so the Prophet took the slave and said...).’ A version by An-Nasa’i says,“The man had a debt, so the Prophet sold the slave for eight hundred Dirhams and gave him the money and said,“Pay off your debt.”