موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik Riwayat Yahya
كِتَابُ الْعِتْقِ وَالْوَلَاءِ
Book: On the Explanation of Emancipation and Allegiance
بَابُ جَرِّ الْعَبْدِ الْوَلَاءَ إِذَا أُعْتِقَ
Chapter on Inheritance of Loyalty for a Freed Slave
Hadith Number: 1287
حدثني حدثني مالك، عن ربيعة بن ابي عبد الرحمن ، ان الزبير بن العوام" اشترى عبدا فاعتقه، ولذلك العبد بنون من امراة حرة، فلما اعتقه الزبير، قال: هم موالي، وقال موالي امهم: بل هم موالينا. فاختصموا إلى عثمان بن عفان، فقضى عثمان للزبير بولائهم"
It is narrated from Rabi'ah bin Abi Abdur Rahman that Sayyiduna Zubair bin Al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) bought a slave and set him free. The children of this slave were from a free woman. When Sayyiduna Zubair bin Al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) freed the slave, he said: "His children are my clients (mawla) and their mother's." The people said: "They are our clients." Both parties disputed and went to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). He (may Allah be pleased with him) ruled that their wala' (clientship) would go to Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him).
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288
وحدثني مالك انه بلغه، ان سعيد بن المسيب سئل عن عبد له ولد من امراة حرة، لمن ولاؤهم؟ فقال سعيد: " إن مات ابوهم وهو عبد لم يعتق، فولاؤهم لموالي امهم" .
Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib was asked: If a slave's son is born from a free woman, to whom will the wala' (right of inheritance/freedom) of this boy go? Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib said: If the boy's father dies while still a slave, the wala' will go to the mawali (clients) of his mother.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288B1
. قال مالك: ومثل ذلك ولد الملاعنة من الموالي، ينسب إلى موالي امه، فيكونون هم مواليه، إن مات ورثوه وإن جر جريرة عقلوا عنه، فإن اعترف به ابوه الحق به، وصار ولاؤه إلى موالي ابيه، وكان ميراثه لهم وعقله عليهم ويجلد ابوه الحد.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The example of this is that the child of the woman who has undergone li'an will be attributed to the mawali of his mother. If he dies, they will be his heirs; if he commits manslaughter, they will pay the blood money. Then, if the husband of this woman acknowledges that this is his son, the wala' will go to the mawali of the father; they will be the heirs, they will pay the blood money, but the prescribed punishment for false accusation (qadhf) will befall his father.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288B2
. قال مالك: وكذلك المراة الملاعنة من العرب، إذا اعترف زوجها الذي لاعنها بولدها صار بمثل هذه المنزلة، إلا ان بقية ميراثه بعد ميراث امه وإخوته لامه لعامة المسلمين ما لم يلحق بابيه، وإنما ورث ولد الملاعنة الموالاة موالي امه قبل ان يعترف به ابوه، لانه لم يكن له نسب ولا عصبة، فلما ثبت نسبه صار إلى عصبته.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Similarly, if a woman who has undergone li'an is an Arab and her husband acknowledges the boy as his son, then the boy will be joined to his father. As long as the husband does not acknowledge him, the inheritance of that boy will be given to his mother and uterine brothers, and whatever remains will belong to the Muslims. And the inheritance of the boy born from li'an goes to the mawali of his mother because, as long as her husband has not acknowledged him, neither does the boy have lineage nor any 'asaba. When the husband acknowledges, the lineage is established, and he will be joined to his 'asaba.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288B3
. قال مالك: الامر المجتمع عليه عندنا في ولد العبد من امراة حرة وابو العبد حر، ان الجد ابا العبد يجر ولاء ولد ابنه الاحرار من امراة حرة، يرثهم ما دام ابوهم عبدا، فإن عتق ابوهم رجع الولاء إلى مواليه، وإن مات وهو عبد كان الميراث والولاء للجد، وإن العبد كان له ابنان حران فمات احدهما وابوه عبد جر الجد ابو الاب الولاء والميراث.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a slave has children from a free woman and the slave’s father is free, then the grandfather will be the owner of the wala’ of his grandson, as long as the father remains a slave. When the father becomes free, the wala’ will go to his mawali. If the father dies while still a slave, then the inheritance and wala’ will go to the grandfather. If one of the two free sons of this slave dies and their father is a slave, then the wala’ and inheritance will go to their grandfather.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288B4
. قال مالك، في الامة تعتق وهي حامل وزوجها مملوك، ثم يعتق زوجها قبل ان تضع حملها او بعدما تضع: إن ولاء ما كان في بطنها للذي اعتق امه، لان ذلك الولد قد كان اصابه الرق قبل ان تعتق امه، وليس هو بمنزلة الذي تحمل به امه بعد العتاقة، لان الذي تحمل به امه بعد العتاقة إذا عتق ابوه جر ولاءه.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a pregnant slave woman is set free and her husband is a slave, then the husband is also set free either before or after she gives birth, the wala' (right of inheritance) of the child will go to the mawla (patron) of the mother, because this child became her slave before her emancipation. However, any pregnancy that occurs to this woman after her emancipation, its wala' will go to the father when he is set free. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a slave, with the permission of his mawla, sets his own slave free, then the wala' will go to the mawla, not to the slave, even if he is set free.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 1288B5
قال مالك، في العبد يستاذن سيده ان يعتق عبدا له فياذن له سيده: إن ولاء العبد المعتق لسيد العبد، لا يرجع ولاؤه لسيده الذي اعتقه وإن عتق
Malik said, regarding a slave who seeks permission from his master to free a slave he owns, and his master permits him: The allegiance (wala’) of the freed slave belongs to the master of the slave, and the allegiance does not revert to the master who freed him, even if he is freed.
تخریج الحدیث: