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Biography: Imam Mālik ibn Anas (rh)

موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik Riwayat Yahya
كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
Book: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ مِنَ السَّلَفِ
What is Not Permissible in Forward Sale
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Hadith Number: 1388
حدثني حدثني يحيى، عن مالك انه بلغه، ان عمر بن الخطاب، قال في رجل: " اسلف رجلا طعاما على ان يعطيه إياه في بلد آخر"، فكره ذلك عمر بن الخطاب. وقال:" فاين الحمل؟" يعني حملانه
Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) was informed that someone said to Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): A person lends grain to someone on the condition that it will be repaid in such-and-such city. He considered this disliked and said: Where will the cost of transportation go?


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Hadith Number: 1389
وحدثني وحدثني مالك انه بلغه، ان رجلا اتى عبد الله بن عمر، فقال: يا ابا عبد الرحمن، إني اسلفت رجلا سلفا واشترطت عليه افضل مما اسلفته. فقال عبد الله بن عمر:" فذلك الربا". قال: فكيف تامرني يا ابا عبد الرحمن؟ فقال عبد الله: " السلف على ثلاثة وجوه: سلف تسلفه تريد به وجه الله فلك وجه الله، وسلف تسلفه تريد به وجه صاحبك فلك وجه صاحبك، وسلف تسلفه لتاخذ خبيثا بطيب فذلك الربا". قال: فكيف تامرني يا ابا عبد الرحمن؟ قال:" ارى ان تشق الصحيفة، فإن اعطاك مثل الذي اسلفته قبلته وإن اعطاك دون الذي اسلفته فاخذته اجرت، وإن اعطاك افضل مما اسلفته طيبة به نفسه، فذلك شكر شكره لك، ولك اجر ما انظرته"
A man came to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: I lent a man some money and stipulated that he return it with something better. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: This is riba (usury). He said: Then what do you command? Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: There are three types of loans: one is for the sake of Allah, in which there is Allah’s pleasure; one is for the happiness of your friend, in which there is your friend’s pleasure; and one is a loan in which you give lawful wealth and take unlawful wealth in return, and this is usury. Then the man said: Now what do you command me, O Abu Abdur Rahman? He said: In my view, it is appropriate that you tear up the document. If the person to whom you lent the money gives you back the same as you gave, then take it. If he gives you something worse and you take it, you will have a reward. If he, of his own accord, gives you something better, then he has thanked you, and you will have the reward for the time you gave him respite.


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Hadith Number: 1390
وحدثني وحدثني مالك، عن نافع ، انه سمع عبد الله بن عمر ، يقول: " من اسلف سلفا فلا يشترط إلا قضاءه"
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to say: Whoever gives someone a loan should not stipulate any condition except the repayment of the loan.


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Hadith Number: 1391
وحدثني وحدثني مالك، انه بلغه، ان عبد الله بن مسعود، كان يقول: " من اسلف سلفا، فلا يشترط افضل منه، وإن كانت قبضة من علف فهو ربا" .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: Whoever gives a loan to someone, let him not stipulate anything extra from him, even if it is a handful of grass, for that is riba.


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Hadith Number: 1391B1
قال مالك: الامر المجتمع عليه عندنا: ان من استسلف شيئا من الحيوان بصفة وتحلية معلومة، فإنه لا باس بذلك، وعليه ان يرد مثله إلا ما كان من الولائد، فإنه يخاف في ذلك الذريعة إلى إحلال ما لا يحل، فلا يصلح، وتفسير ما كره من ذلك: ان يستسلف الرجل الجارية فيصيبها ما بدا له، ثم يردها إلى صاحبها بعينها، فذلك لا يصلح ولا يحل، ولم يزل اهل العلم ينهون عنه ولا يرخصون فيه لاحد
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, it is unanimously agreed that if a person lends an animal whose appearance and characteristics are known, there is no objection; the debtor should return an animal of the same kind. However, it is not permissible to lend a slave-girl, because this is a means of making the unlawful lawful. People would borrow each other's slave-girls, then have intercourse with them as long as they wished, and then return them to the owner. This is not lawful. The people of knowledge have always prohibited this and have never permitted it to anyone.


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