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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب كيفية نزول القرآن
Chapters on How the Qur'an Was Revealed
بَابُ أَوَّلِ مَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْقُرْآن
Chapter on the First Revelation of the Qur’an
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Hadith Number: 8433
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت اول ما بدئ به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم من الوحي الرؤيا الصادقة في النوم وكان لا يرى رؤيا إلا جاءت مثل فلق الصبح ثم حبب إليه الخلاء فكان ياتي غار حراء فيتحنث فيه وهو التعبد الليالي ذوات العدد ويتزود لذلك ثم يرجع إلى خديجة فتزوده لمثلها حتى فجئه الحق وهو في غار حراء فجاءه الملك فيه فقال اقرا فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال اقرا فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني الثانية حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال اقرا فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني الثالثة حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال اقرا باسم ربك الذي خلق حتى بلغ ما لم يعلم قال فرجع بها ترجف بوادره حتى دخل على خديجة فقال زملوني فزملوه حتى ذهب عنه الروع فقال يا خديجة ما لي فاخبرها الخبر قال وقد خشيت على نفسي فقالت له كلا ابشر فوالله لا يخزيك الله ابدا إنك لتصل الرحم وتصدق الحديث وتحمل الكل وتقري الضيف وتعين على نوائب الحق ثم انطلقت به خديجة حتى اتت به ورقة بن نوفل بن اسد بن عبد العزى بن قصي وهو ابن عم خديجة اخي ابيها وكان امرا تنصر في الجاهلية وكان يكتب الكتاب العربي فكتب بالعربية من الإنجيل ما شاء الله ان يكتب وكان شيخا كبيرا قد عمي فقالت خديجة يا ابن عم اسمع من ابن اخيك فقال ورقة يا ابن اخي ما ترى فاخبره رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بما راى فقال ورقة هذا الناموس الذي انزل على موسى عليه السلام يا ليتني فيها جذعا اكون حيا حين يخرجك قومك فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اومخرجي هم فقال ورقة نعم لم يات رجل قط بما جئت به إلا عودي وإن يدركني يومك انصرك نصرا مؤزرا ثم لم ينشب ورقة ان توفي وفتر الوحي فترة حتى حزن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فيما بلغنا حزنا غدا منه مرارا كي يتردى من رءوس شواهق الجبال فكلما اوفى بذروة جبل لكي يلقي نفسه منه تبدى له جبريل عليه السلام فقال يا محمد إنك رسول الله حقا فيسكن ذلك جاشه وتقر نفسه فيرجع فإذا طالت عليه فترة الوحي غدا لمثل ذلك فإذا اوفى بذروة جبل تبدى له جبريل فقال له مثل ذلك
Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: The beginning of revelation to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was in the form of true dreams during sleep. Whatever dream he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw, it would come true like the break of dawn. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) began to prefer seclusion and would go to the Cave of Hira and worship there for several nights, taking provisions for those days. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would return to Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) and take provisions again for as many days, until suddenly the truth came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) one day while he was in the Cave of Hira. The angel came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "Read." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I am not one who reads." So he took hold of me and pressed me so hard that I felt great difficulty, then he released me and said: "Read." I said: "I am not one who reads." He took hold of me again and pressed me until I felt great difficulty, then he released me and said again: "Read." I said: "I am not one who reads." He took hold of me and pressed me a third time until I felt great difficulty, then he said: {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّکَ الَّذِیْ خَلَقَ … … مَا لَمْ یَعْلَمْ} Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned home, while the flesh of his shoulders was trembling. He (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "Cover me!" So they covered him until his fear subsided. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Khadijah! What has happened to me?" Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated the whole incident to her and said: "I fear for myself." But she said: "Never! Be happy. By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you, for you maintain ties of kinship, speak the truth, bear the burdens of others, host guests, and help in matters of truth." Then she took him (peace and blessings be upon him) to Waraqah bin Nawfal, who was the son of her paternal uncle and had adopted Christianity during the time of ignorance. Since he could write in Arabic, he used to write the Gospel in Arabic. He was an old man and had become blind. Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) said to him: "O son of my uncle! Listen to your nephew." Waraqah said: "Nephew! What do you see?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated everything in detail. Waraqah said: "This is the same Namus (angel) who was sent down to Musa (peace be upon him). Would that I were strong when your people will drive you out." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Will they drive me out?" Waraqah said: "Yes, no man has ever come with what you have brought except that he was opposed, and if I live to see that day, I will support you strongly." But soon after, Waraqah passed away and the revelation ceased. Now the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was grieved, and indeed it reached us that his grief became so intense that he (peace and blessings be upon him) several times intended to throw himself from the tops of mountains. Whenever he (peace and blessings be upon him) climbed to the top of a mountain to throw himself down, Jibreel (peace be upon him) would appear before him and say: "O Muhammad! Indeed, you are truly the Messenger of Allah." At this, his (peace and blessings be upon him) heart would become calm and his soul would be at peace, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) would return. When the period would become prolonged and the revelation would remain suspended, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would do the same again, and when he reached the top of the mountain, Jibreel (peace be upon him) would appear to him and repeat the same words as before.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 4956
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Hadith Number: 8434
عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم جاورت بحراء شهرا فلما قضيت جواري نزلت فاستبطنت بطن الوادي فنوديت فنظرت امامي وخلفي وعن يميني وعن شمالي فلم ار احدا ثم نوديت فنظرت فلم ار احدا ثم نوديت فرفعت راسي فإذا هو على العرش في الهواء وفي رواية فإذا هو قاعد على عرش بين السماء والارض فاخذتني وجفة شديدة فاتيت خديجة فقلت دثروني دثروني وصبوا علي ماء فانزل الله عز وجل يا ايها المدثر قم فانذر وربك فكبر وثيابك فطهر
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I secluded myself in the Cave of Hira for a month. When I completed this period and descended to the open area of the valley, I was called. I looked ahead, behind, to my right and to my left, but I saw nothing. Then I was called again. I looked in the same way, but could not see anyone. Then I was called again. This time, when I raised my head, I saw that the angel was sitting on a throne in the air. In another narration: He was sitting on a throne between the heaven and the earth. This caused me to tremble severely. I went to Khadijah and said: Cover me with a blanket. So they covered me with a blanket and poured water over me. Then Allah the Exalted revealed these verses: {یَا أَ یُّھَا الْمُدَّثِّرْ قُمْ فَأَ نْذِرْ وَرَبَّکَ فَکَبِّرْ وَثِیَابَکَ فَطَھِّرْ} O you who wraps himself [in a cloak] , arise and warn, and magnify your Lord, and purify your garments.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 4922
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Hadith Number: 8434M
عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما من طريق ثان قال اخبرني جابر بن عبد الله انه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول ثم فتر الوحي عني فترة فبينا انا امشي سمعت صوتا من السماء فرفعت بصري قبل السماء فإذا الملك الذي جاءني بحراء الآن قاعد على كرسي بين السماء والارض فجئثت منه فرقا حتى هويت إلى الارض فجئت اهلي فقلت زملوني زملوني زملوني فزملوني فانزل الله عز وجل يا ايها المدثر قم فانذر وربك فكبر وثيابك فطهر والرجز فاهجر قال ابو سلمة الرجز الاوثان ثم حمي الوحي بعد وتتابع
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Then the revelation stopped, so one day I was walking when I heard a voice from the sky. When I looked up, I saw that the same angel who had come to me in the cave of Hira was now sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I began to tremble with fear of him, until I bent towards the ground. Then I came to my family and said: Cover me with a blanket, cover me with a blanket, cover me with a blanket. So they covered me with a sheet. Then Allah Almighty revealed the verses: {یَا أَ یُّھَا الْمُدَّثِّرْ قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ وَرَبَّکَ فَکَبِّرْ وَثِیَابَکَ فَطَھِّرْ وَالرُّجْزَ فَاہْجُرْ} O you who are wrapped in a blanket, arise and warn, and magnify your Lord, and purify your garments, and shun uncleanliness. Abu Salamah said: By uncleanliness is meant idols. After that, the revelation began to come frequently and in abundance.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 14537
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