الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب سيرة أول النبيين وخاتم المرسلين نبينا محمد بن عبد الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم
Book of the Biography of the First of the Prophets and the Last of the Messengers, Our Prophet Muhammad ibn Abdullah, Peace and Blessings Be Upon Him and His Family
بَابٌ فِي بَدا الْوَحْيِ وَكَيْفَ كَانَ يَأْتِيهِ وَرُؤْيَتِهِ ﷺ لِجِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ
Chapter: On the beginning of revelation, how it came to him, and his ﷺ vision of Jibril, peace be upon him
Hadith Number: 10488
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال لخديجة إني ارى ضوءا واسمع صوتا وإني اخشى ان يكون بي جنون قالت لم يكن الله ليفعل ذلك بك يا ابن عبد الله ثم اتت ورقة بن نوفل فذكرت ذلك له فقال إن يك صادقا فإن هذا ناموس مثل ناموس موسى فإن بعث وانا حي فساعززه وانصره وآمن به
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyidah Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her): "Indeed, I see a light, I hear a voice, and I fear that some madness has afflicted me." In response, she said: "O son of Abdullah! Allah will never do such a thing to you." Then she went to Waraqah bin Nawfal and told him the whole matter. He said: "If you are truthful, then this is the same Namus (angel) as came to Musa (peace be upon him). If you are commissioned (as a Prophet) during my lifetime, I will support you, assist you, and I will believe in you."
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده علي شرط مسلم الا انه اختلف في وصله وارساله
Hadith Number: 10489
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت اول ما بدئ به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم من الوحي الرؤيا الصادقة في النوم وكان لا يرى رؤيا إلا جاءت مثل فلق الصبح ثم حبب إليه الخلاء فكان ياتي غار حراء فيتحنث فيه وهو التعبد الليالي ذوات العدد ويتزود لذلك ثم يرجع إلى خديجة فتزوده لمثلها حتى فجئه الحق وهو في غار حراء فجاءه الملك فيه فقال اقرا فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال اقرا فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني الثانية حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال اقرا فقلت ما انا بقارئ فاخذني فغطني الثالثة حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم ارسلني فقال {اقرا باسم ربك الذي خلق} [سورة العلق: 1] حتى بلغ {ما لم يعلم} [سورة العلق: 5] قال فرجع بها ترجف بوادره حتى دخل على خديجة فقال زملوني فزملوه حتى ذهب عنه الروع فقال يا خديجة ما لي فاخبرها الخبر قال وقد خشيت على نفسي فقالت له كلا ابشر فوالله لا يخزيك الله ابدا إنك لتصل الرحم وتصدق الحديث وتحمل الكل وتقري الضيف وتعين على نوائب الحق ثم انطلقت به خديجة حتى اتت به ورقة بن نوفل بن اسد بن عبد العزى بن قصي وهو ابن عم خديجة اخي ابيها وكان امرا تنصر في الجاهلية وكان يكتب الكتاب العربي فكتب بالعربية من الإنجيل ما شاء الله ان يكتب وكان شيخا كبيرا قد عمي فقالت خديجة يا ابن عم اسمع من ابن اخيك فقال ورقة يا ابن اخي ما ترى فاخبره رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بما راى فقال ورقة هذا الناموس الذي انزل على موسى عليه السلام يا ليتني فيها جذعا اكون حيا حين يخرجك قومك فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اومخرجي هم فقال ورقة نعم لم يات رجل قط بما جئت به إلا عودي وإن يدركني يومك انصرك نصرا مؤزرا ثم لم ينشب ورقة ان توفي وفتر الوحي فترة حتى حزن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فيما بلغنا حزنا غدا منه مرارا كي يتردى من رءوس شواهق الجبال فكلما اوفى بذروة جبل لكي يلقي نفسه منه تبدى له جبريل عليه السلام فقال يا محمد إنك رسول الله حقا فيسكن ذلك جاشه وتقر نفسه فيرجع فإذا طالت عليه وفتر الوحي غدا لمثل ذلك فإذا اوفى بذروة جبل تبدى له جبريل فقال له مثل ذلك
Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: The beginning of revelation to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was in the form of true dreams during sleep. Whatever dream he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw, it would come true like the break of dawn. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) began to prefer seclusion and would go to the Cave of Hira and worship there for several nights, taking provisions for those days. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would return to Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) and take provisions again for as many days, until one day suddenly the Truth came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was in the Cave of Hira. The angel came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: Read. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am not one who reads. So he took hold of me and pressed me so hard that I felt great difficulty, then he released me and said: Read. I said: I am not one who reads. He again took hold of me and pressed me until I felt great difficulty, then he released me and said again: Read. I said: I am not one who reads. He took hold of me a third time and pressed me, and I felt great difficulty, then he said: {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّکَ الَّذِیْ خَلَقَ … … مَا لَمْ یَعْلَمْ} Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned home, while the flesh of his shoulders was trembling. He (peace and blessings be upon him) reached Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: Cover me! So they covered him until his fear subsided. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Khadijah! What has happened to me? Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated the whole incident to her and said: I fear for myself. But she said: Never! Be happy, by Allah! Allah will never disgrace you, for you maintain ties of kinship, speak the truth, bear the burdens of others, host guests, and help in matters of truth. Then Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) took him (peace and blessings be upon him) to Waraqah bin Nawfal, who was her cousin. In the time of ignorance, he had adopted Christianity, and since he could write in Arabic, he used to write the Gospel in Arabic. He was an old man and had become blind. Sayyida Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) said to him: O son of my uncle! Listen to your nephew. Waraqah said: Nephew! What do you see? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated everything in detail. Waraqah said: This is the same Namus (angel) who was sent down to Musa (peace be upon him). Would that I were strong when your people will drive you out. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Will they drive me out? Waraqah said: Yes, no man has ever brought anything like what you have brought except that he was opposed, and if I live to see that day, I will support you strongly. But soon after, Waraqah passed away and the revelation stopped. Now the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was grieved, and indeed it reached us that his grief increased so much that he (peace and blessings be upon him) wished several times to throw himself from the tops of mountains. Whenever he (peace and blessings be upon him) climbed to the top of a mountain to throw himself down, Jibreel (peace be upon him) would appear before him and say: O Muhammad! Indeed, you are truly the Messenger of Allah. This would lessen the anxiety in his (peace and blessings be upon him) heart and his soul would be at ease, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) would return. When the period would become prolonged and the revelation would remain suspended, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would do the same again, and when he reached the top of the mountain, Jibreel (peace be upon him) would appear to him and repeat the same words as before.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 4956
Hadith Number: 10490
عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال انزل على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو ابن اربعين وكان بمكة ثلاث عشرة سنة وبالمدينة عشرا فمات وهو ابن ثلاث وستين
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, he says: When revelation began to descend upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he was forty years old, then he stayed in Makkah Mukarramah for thirteen years and in Madinah Munawwarah for ten years, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away at the age of sixty-three.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده صحيح علي شرط البخاري
Hadith Number: 10491
عنه ايضا قال اقام النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بمكة خمس عشرة سنة سبع سنين يرى الضوء ويسمع الصوت وثماني سنين يوحى إليه واقام بالمدينة عشر سنين
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) also narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed in Makkah for fifteen years; during seven of those years, he would see light and hear voices, and for eight years, revelation continued to descend. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) resided in Madinah Munawwarah for ten years.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 2353
Hadith Number: 10492
عن عمار مولى بني هاشم قال سالت ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما كم اتى لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يوم مات قال ما كنت ارى مثلك في قومه يخفى عليك ذلك قال قلت إني سالت فاختلف علي فاحببت ان اعلم قولك فيه قال اتحسب قلت نعم قال امسك اربعين بعث لها وخمس عشرة اقام بمكة يامن ويخاف وعشرا مهاجرا بالمدينة
Mawla Bani Hashim Ammar narrates, he says: I asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the age of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of his passing. He said: I did not think that a person like you, who lived among the people of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), would be unaware of this matter. I said: I have asked, but there has been disagreement among us, so I wanted to know your opinion on this matter. He said: Can you calculate? I said: Yes. He said: Add up—the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent at the age of forty, then he stayed in Makkah for fifteen years, during which there was both peace and fear, then when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) migrated to Madinah, he stayed there for ten years.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 2353
Hadith Number: 10493
عن العلاء بن زياد العدوي انه قال لانس بن مالك رضي الله عنه يا ابا حمزة سن اي الرجال كان نبي الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم إذ بعث قال ابن اربعين سنة قال ثم كان ماذا قال كان بمكة عشر سنين وبالمدينة عشر سنين فتمت له ستون سنة ثم قبضه الله عز وجل إليه قال سن اي الرجال هو يومئذ قال كاشب الرجال واحسنه واجمله والحمه قال يا ابا حمزة هل غزوت مع نبي الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال نعم غزوت معه يوم حنين
It is narrated from ‘Ala bin Ziyad ‘Adawi that he said to Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him): O Abu Hamzah! When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sent as a Prophet, how old was he at that time? He said: Forty years. He asked: Then what happened? He said: Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed in Makkah for ten years and in Madinah for ten years, thus his age became sixty years, then Allah Almighty caused him (peace and blessings be upon him) to pass away. He asked: In those days, what kind of age did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appear to be? He said: Like the most vigorous youth, the most handsome and well-built. He asked: O Abu Hamzah! Did you participate in jihad with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: Yes, I was with him (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Hunayn.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده صحيح
Hadith Number: 10494
عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم جاورت بحراء شهرا فلما قضيت جواري نزلت فاستبطنت بطن الوادي فنوديت فنظرت امامي وخلفي وعن يميني وعن شمالي فلم ار احدا ثم نوديت فنظرت فلم ار احدا ثم نوديت فرفعت راسي فإذا هو على العرش في الهواء (وفي رواية فإذا هو قاعد على عرش بين السماء والارض) فاخذتني وجفة شديدة فاتيت خديجة فقلت دثروني فدثروني وصبوا علي ماء فانزل الله عز وجل {يا ايها المدثر قم فانذر وربك فكبر وثيابك فطهر} [سورة المدثر: 1-4]
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I secluded myself in the Cave of Hira for a month. When I completed this period and descended to the open area of the valley, I was called. I looked in front of me, behind me, to my right, and to my left, but I saw nothing. Then I was called again. I looked in the same way, but I could not see anyone. Then I was called again. This time, when I raised my head, I saw that the angel was sitting on a throne in the air. In another narration: He was sitting on a throne between the heaven and the earth. This caused me to tremble severely. I went to Khadijah and said: Cover me with a blanket. So they covered me with a blanket and poured water over me. Then Allah Almighty revealed these verses: O you who are wrapped in a blanket, arise and warn, and magnify your Lord, and purify your garments.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 4922
Hadith Number: 10495
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها ان جبريل عليه السلام اتى النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم على برذون وعليه عمامة طرفها بين كتفيه فسالت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقال رايته ذلك جبريل عليه السلام
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to the Noble Prophet riding a Turkish horse. He had tied a turban, and its end was between his shoulders. When I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) about him, he said: Did you see him? That was Jibreel (peace be upon him).
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده ضعيف لضعف عبد الله بن عمر العمري
Hadith Number: 10496
عن موسى بن عقبة قال حدثني ابو سلمة عن الرجل الذي مر برسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو يناجي جبريل عليه السلام فزعم ابو سلمة انه تجنب ان يدنو من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم تخوفا ان يسمع حديثه فلما اصبح قال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ما منعك ان تسلم إذ مررت بي البارحة قال رايتك تناجي رجلا فخشيت ان تكره ان ادنو منكما قال وهل تدري من الرجل قال لا قال فذلك جبريل عليه السلام ولو سلمت لرد السلام وقد سمعت من غير ابي سلمة انه حارثة بن النعمان
Sayyiduna Abu Salamah narrates from a man that this man passed by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, while he, peace and blessings be upon him, was whispering with Jibreel, peace be upon him. That man refrained from coming close to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, out of fear that he might overhear his conversation. When morning came, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to that man: "When you passed by us last night, what prevented you from greeting us with salam?" He said: "I saw you whispering with a man, so I feared that perhaps you would dislike my coming near." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Do you know who that man was?" He said: "No." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "That was Jibreel, peace be upon him. If you had greeted him with salam, he would have replied to your salam." The narrator says: I heard from other than Abu Salamah that he was Sayyiduna Harithah bin Nu'man, may Allah be pleased with him.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده صحيح
Hadith Number: 10497
عن عبد الله بن عمرو رضي الله عنهما قال سالت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقلت يا رسول الله هل تحس بالوحي فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم نعم اسمع صلاصل ثم اسكت عند ذلك فما من مرة يوحى إلي إلا ظننت ان نفسي تفيض
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: I asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! Do you feel the revelation? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, when I hear resounding sounds, I become silent at that moment. Whenever revelation is sent to me, I feel as if my soul is about to depart.
تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده ضعيف