Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Jews came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Abul Qasim! We will ask you about five things; if you answer them, we will recognize that you are a true Prophet and we will follow you. You took a covenant from them in the same way that Yaqub (peace be upon him) took a covenant from his sons, when they said that Allah is a witness over what we are saying. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Present your questions.

(1) They said: Tell us the sign of a Prophet. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The eyes of a Prophet sleep, but his heart does not sleep.

(2) They said: Tell us how male and female are created? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The essence of water from man and woman mixes; when the man’s water prevails over the woman’s water, a male is born, and when the woman’s essence of water prevails, a female is born.

(3) They said: Tell us what Yaqub (peace be upon him) made unlawful for himself? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He had the disease of sciatica; only the milk of she-camels suited him, so when he recovered, he made the meat of camels unlawful for himself. They said: You have spoken the truth.

(4) They said: Tell us, what is thunder? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is an angel among the angels of Allah, who is in charge of the clouds. In the hand of this angel is a whip of fire, with which he drives the clouds to the place where Allah has commanded. They said: What is the sound that is heard? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the sound of that whip. They said: You have spoken the truth.

(5) They said: One thing remains; if you answer it, we will pledge allegiance to you. It is that every Prophet has an angel appointed to him who brings him goodness, that is, revelation. Tell us, who is your angel companion? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him). This time they said: Jibreel, he brings war, fighting, and punishment; he is our enemy. If you had said Mika’il, who descends with mercy, vegetation, and rain, then it would have been acceptable. At that time, Allah revealed this verse: {قُلْ مَنْ کَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِیْلَ فَاِنَّہ نَزَّلَہ عَلٰی قَلْبِکَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰہِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَیْنَیَدَیْہِ وَھُدًی وَّبُشْرٰی لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ۔} … Say: Whoever is an enemy to Jibreel, for indeed he has brought it (the Qur’an) down upon your heart by Allah’s permission, confirming what was before it and as guidance and glad tidings for the believers. (Surah Al-Baqarah: 97)

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about monkeys and pigs, whether they are from the transformed descendants of the Jews? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It has never happened that Allah Almighty cursed a people, transformed them, and then let their lineage continue; in fact, this creation existed before they were transformed. When Allah Almighty became angry with the Jews, He made them resemble these creatures.

Sayyiduna Mahmood bin Lubaid from the tribe of Banu Abdul-Ashhal narrates from Salamah bin Salamah bin Waqsh, who was among the Companions of Badr. He says that a Jew from the tribe of Banu Abdul-Ashhal was our neighbor. A few days before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), one day he came out of his house and stood in a gathering of the tribe of Abdul-Ashhal. Salamah says: I was the youngest present there that day. I was lying in front of my house, wrapped in a sheet. That Jew mentioned resurrection after death, the Day of Judgment, reckoning, the scale, and Paradise and Hell. He spoke of these things before people who were polytheists and idol worshippers, who did not believe in resurrection after death. They said to him: "What is this? Do you also say that this will happen, and people will be raised in another world after death, where there will be Paradise and Hell, and people will be rewarded for their deeds?" He said: "Yes, by the One by whom oaths are sworn! I would even prefer that there be a great furnace of fire in this world, and people enter it, and then it is closed over them, and I am saved from the fire of Hell tomorrow." The people said to him: "Woe to you, what is its sign?" He pointed towards Makkah and Yemen and said: "A Prophet will be sent from those regions." The people asked him: "When will we be able to see him?" He looked at me—I was the youngest among them—and said: "If this boy lives, he will see him before his life ends." Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: "By Allah! Only a few days and nights had passed when Allah sent His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was alive among us. So we believed in him, but that Jew disbelieved in him out of hatred and envy. We said to him: 'O so-and-so! Woe to you! Are you not the one who told us about this Prophet and informed us?' He said: 'Yes, of course, but this is not that Prophet.'"

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah Zahri, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was performing ablution and I was standing behind him. A Jew passed by me and said, "Lift the cloth from his back." So I began to lift your cloth upwards, then the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, sprinkled water on my face.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man from the non-Arab nation of Jarmaq came to the noble Companions and said: "Where is that person among you who claims to be a Prophet? I want to ask him something so that I may know whether he is a Prophet or not." Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived, and this man from Jarmaq said: "Recite or explain something before me." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited a few verses from the Book of Allah before him. The man from Jarmaq said: "By Allah! Musa (peace be upon him) also brought such teachings." Abdullah bin Ahmad said that this hadith is munkar (unacceptable).

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Usama bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rode on a donkey, on which there was a saddle and underneath it was a cloth from Fadak, that is, a prepared cloth from the place of Fadak. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) seated Usama bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) behind him on the donkey. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was going to visit Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) in the tribe of Banu Harith bin Khazraj to inquire about his health. This incident took place before the Battle of Badr. As the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was passing by, he came across a gathering in which Muslims, polytheists, idol worshippers, and Jews were sitting together. Among them were Abdullah bin Ubayy and Abdullah bin Rawaha as well. When the dust raised by the donkey reached the gathering, Abdullah bin Ubayy covered his nose with his cloak and said,“Do not scatter dust upon us.”The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) greeted them with peace, stopped, dismounted, and invited them to Allah’s religion and recited the Qur’an before them. Abdullah bin Ubayy said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):“No one’s words are better than yours. If what you say is true, then do not trouble us by coming to our gatherings. Go to your own house, and whoever among us comes to you, you may present these things to him.”Upon this, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawaha (may Allah be pleased with him) said:“O Messenger of Allah! Please do come to our gatherings, we like it.”Or Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawaha (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed Abdullah bin Ubayy and said:“You are stopping him from coming to our gatherings, yet we invite you to our gatherings. You should come to our gatherings, and we like it.”Because of these words, an argument broke out among the Muslims, polytheists, and Jews, to the extent that it almost came to blows. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) kept trying to calm them down. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mounted his ride and went to the house of Sa’d bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) and stayed there. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“Sa’d! Did you hear what Abu Hubab, that is, Abdullah bin Ubayy, said? He said such and such.”Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:“O Messenger of Allah! Leave him and forgive him. By Allah! Allah has already given you the honor He intended for you. The people of this town, that is, Madinah Munawwarah, were about to crown him and make him their chief, but when Allah made him unsuccessful and deprived him of this through the truth He granted you, he became jealous of you. What he did to you is the result of that, so the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forgave him.”