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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
كِتَابُ الْخُلَافَةِ وَالْإِمَارَةِ
The Book of Caliphate and Leadership
الْفَضْلُ الْأَوَّلُ: إِرْسَالُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْأَلُ مِيرَانَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ ﷺ
The First Virtue: Sending Fatimah, the Daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, to Abu Bakr to Ask for Her Inheritance from the Messenger ﷺ
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Hadith Number: 12167
عن عائشة رضي الله عنها زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم انها اخبرته ان فاطمة بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ارسلت إلى ابي بكر الصديق رضي الله عنه تساله ميراثها من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم مما افاء الله عليه بالمدينة وفدك وما بقي من خمس خيبر فقال ابو بكر رضي الله عنه إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال ”لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة إنما ياكل آل محمد في هذا المال“ وإني والله لا اغير شيئا من صدقة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم عن حالها التي كانت عليها في عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ولاعملن فيها بما عمل به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فابى ابو بكر ان يدفع إلى فاطمة منها شيئا فوجدت فاطمة على ابي بكر في ذلك فقال ابو بكر والذي نفسي بيده لقرابة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم احب إلي ان اصل من قرابتي واما الذي شجر بيني وبينكم من هذه الاموال فإني لم آل فيها عن الحق ولم اترك امرا رايت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يصنعه فيها إلا صنعته
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that Sayyida Fatima, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), sent a message to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) demanding that the wealth which Allah had given to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in Madinah, and her share from Fadak and from the fifth of Khaybar, be given to her as inheritance. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Our property is not inherited; whatever we leave behind is charity in the way of Allah. However, the family of Muhammad may eat from this wealth." By Allah! I will not make any change in these charities from the way they were during the blessed life of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I will use them in the same manner as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used them. Thus, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to give anything from them to Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her), because of which Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) became displeased with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Him in Whose hand is my soul! The relatives of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) are dearer to me than my own relatives, but regarding the situation that has arisen between me and you because of these properties, I have not fallen short in acting upon the truth and honesty, and I have not left anything from what I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) do in this matter; rather, I have carried out every action just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did."


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اخرجه البخاري: 4240
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Hadith Number: 12168
عن ابي الطفيل قال لما قبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ارسلت فاطمة إلى ابي بكر انت ورثت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ام اهله قال فقال لا بل اهله قالت فاين سهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال فقال ابو بكر إني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول ”إن الله عز وجل إذا اطعم نبيا طعمة ثم قبضه جعله للذي يقوم من بعده“ فرايت ان ارده على المسلمين فقالت فانت وما سمعت من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اعلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Tufail (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) passed away, Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) sent a message to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asking, "Are you the heir of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), or are the members of his household?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, "No, I am not the heir of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family); rather, his family members are his heirs." Sayyida (may Allah be pleased with her) asked, "Then where is the share of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "When Allah Almighty grants something to any of His Prophets and then seizes the soul of His Prophet, that thing comes under the control of his successor. So I have thought to distribute it among the Muslims." Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) said, "Then you know best about this, as you have heard the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)."


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: اسناده حسن
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