سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Saeed bin Mansur
كِتَابُ وِلَايَةِ الْعَصَبَةِ
Book of Agnatic Guardianship ('Asabah)
بَابُ لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ
Chapter on people of two religions not inheriting from each other
Hadith Number: 145
نا نا هشيم، قال: انبا داود، عن الشعبي، قال: بلغ معاوية ان ناسا من العرب منعهم من الإسلام مكان ميراثهم من آبائهم، فقال معاوية:" نرثهم ولا يرثوننا" . فقال مسروق بن الاجدع: ما احدث في الإسلام قضاء اعجب منه.
Shu'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) received the news that some Arabs were refraining from accepting Islam only because of the inheritance of their forefathers, he said: "We will inherit from them, but they will not inherit from us." So Masruq bin Ajda' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No stranger judgment has been made in Islam than this."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 146
نا نا هشيم، قال: انا مجالد، قال: نا الشعبي، قال: جاء رجل إلى معاوية ، فقال: ارايت الإسلام يضرني ام ينفعني؟ قال: بل ينفعك، فما ذاك؟ فقال: إن اباه كان نصرانيا، فمات ابوه على نصرانيته وانا مسلم، فقال إخوتي وهم نصارى: نحن اولى بميراث ابينا منك. فقال معاوية: ايتني بهم. فاتاه بهم، فقال:" انتم وهو في ميراث ابيكم شرع سواء" . وكتب معاوية إلى زياد" ان ورث المسلم من الكافر، ولا تورث الكافر من المسلم" . فلما انتهى كتابه إلى زياد، ارسل إلى شريح، فامره ان يورث المسلم من الكافر، ولا يورث الكافر من المسلم. وكان شريح قبل ذلك لا يورث الكافر من المسلم، ولا المسلم من الكافر، فلما امره زياد قضى بقوله، فكان إذا قضى بذلك يقول: هذا قضاء امير المؤمنين.
Shu'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A man came to Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "Is Islam harmful or beneficial for me?" He replied: "Beneficial." He said: "My father was a Christian and died as a Christian, and I am a Muslim. My Christian brothers say that they are more entitled to our father's inheritance." So Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) called them and said: "You are all equal in inheritance." Then Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Ziyad (may Allah be pleased with him): "Let the Muslim inherit from the disbeliever, but do not let the disbeliever inherit from the Muslim." And when this order reached Ziyad, he called Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) and ordered him to judge accordingly, so whenever Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) judged in this way, he would say: "This is the decision of the Commander of the Faithful."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 147
نا نا هشيم، قال: انا إسماعيل بن ابي خالد، عن الشعبي قال: لما قضى معاوية بما قضى به من ذلك، فقال عبد الله بن معقل:" ما احدث في الإسلام قضاء بعد قضاء اصحاب رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم هو اعجب إلي من قضاء معاوية ، إنا نرثهم ولا يرثوننا، كما ان النكاح يحل لنا فيهم، ولا يحل لهم فينا" .
It is narrated from Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that when Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) issued this ruling, Abdullah bin Ma'qil (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "After the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the ruling in Islam that I liked the most is this ruling of Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him): that we are their heirs and they are not our heirs, just as in marriage we can marry their women but they cannot marry our women."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 148
نا نا ابو معاوية، قال: نا الاعمش، عن إبراهيم، قال: كان علي " لا يحجب باليهودي، ولا بالنصراني، ولا بالمجوسي، ولا بالمملوك ولا يورثهم ، وكان عبد الله يحجب بهم ولا يورثهم".
It is narrated from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to decide that: "A Jew, Christian, Magian, or slave does not prevent any heir from inheritance, but they are also not made heirs." And Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) used to prevent them, but would not make them heirs.
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 149
نا ابو شهاب، عن يحيى بن سعيد، ان عمر بن عبد العزيز" اعتق عبدا له نصرانيا، فمات وترك مالا، فامر عمر بن عبد العزيز ما ترك ان يجعل في بيت المال" .
Yahya bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) freed one of his Christian slaves, and then when he died leaving behind wealth, he ordered that: "His left-behind wealth should be deposited into the Bayt al-Mal (public treasury)."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 150
نا عبد الرحمن بن ابي الزناد، عن هشام بن عروة، عن ابيه انه سئل عن غلام امه امة، وجدته ام امه حرة فمات , قال:" ترثه جدته" .
Hisham bin Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from his father that he was asked about a boy whose mother was a slave woman and whose maternal grandmother was free. When the boy died, he said: "His maternal grandmother will inherit from him."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 151
نا عبد الرحمن بن ابي الزناد، عن ابيه، قال:" كان راي الفقهاء الذين ينتهى إليهم ان المملوك لا يرث، ولا يحجب، وان الكافر لا يرث ولا يحجب، وان من عمي موته لا يرث ولا يحجب" .
The jurists upon whom knowledge ended held the opinion that: "A slave neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived (of inheritance), and a disbeliever neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived, and the one whose death is uncertain neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived."
تخریج الحدیث:
Hadith Number: 152
نا خالد، عن خالد، عن ابن سيرين في مسلم اعتق نصرانيا فمات قال:" لا يرثه" .
It is narrated from Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) that a Muslim freed a Christian slave and he died, so he said: "He will not be his heir."
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