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Biography: Imam Hakim (rh)

المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كِتَابُ: تَوَارِيخِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِينَ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ
Book of the Histories of the Earlier Prophets and Messengers
ذِكْرُ وِلَادَةِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ -، ذِكْرُ تَرْبِيَةِ مُوسَى فِي حِجْرِ آسِيَةَ امْرَأَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ
Mention of the birth of Musa (peace be upon him) and his upbringing in the care of Asiyah, the wife of Pharaoh
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Hadith Number: 4140
اخبرنا الحسن بن محمد الإسفراييني، حدثنا محمد بن احمد بن البراء، حدثنا عبد المنعم بن إدريس بن سنان اليماني، عن ابيه، عن وهب بن منبه، قال: ذكر مولد موسى بن عمران بن قاهث بن لاوي بن يعقوب بن إسحاق بن إبراهيم، وحديث عدو الله فرعون حين كان يستعبد بني إسرائيل في اعماله بمصر، وامر موسى والخضر، قال وهب: ولما حملت ام موسى بموسى كتمت امرها جميع الناس، فلم يطلع على حملها احد من خلق الله، وذلك شيء سترها (1) الله به لما اراد ان يمن به على بني إسرائيل، فلما كانت السنة التي يولد فيها موسى بن عمران بعث فرعون القوابل وتقدم إليهن، وفتش النساء تفتيشا لم يفتشهن قبل ذلك، وحملت ام موسى بموسى، فلم ينت بطنها (2)، ولم يتغير لونها، ولم يفسد لبنها، وكن القوابل لا يعرضن لها، فلما كانت الليلة التي ولد فيها موسى ولدته امه ولا رقيب عليها ولا قابل، ولم يطلع عليها احد إلا اخته مريم، واوحى الله إليها: ﴿ان ارضعيه فإذا خفت عليه فالقيه في اليم ولا تخافي ولا تحزني إنا رادوه إليك وجاعلوه من المرسلين﴾ [القصص: 7]، قال: فكتمته امه ثلاثة اشهر ترضعه في حجرها لا يبكي ولا يتحرك، فلما خافت عليه وعليها عملت له تابوتا مطبقا ومهدت له فيه، ثم القته في البحر ليلا كما امرها الله، وعمل التابوت على عمل سفن البحر خمسة اشبار في خمسة اشبار، ولم يقير، فاقبل التابوت يطفو على الماء، فالقى البحر التابوت بالساحل في جوف الليل. فلما اصبح فرعون جلس في مجلسه على شاطئ النيل، فبصر بالتابوت، فقال لمن حوله من خدمه: ائتوني بهذا التابوت، فاتوه به، فلما وضع بين يديه فتحوه، فوجد فيه موسى، قال: فلما نظر إليه فرعون قال: عبراني من الاعداء، فاعظمه ذلك وغاظه، وقال: كيف اخطى هذا الغلام الذبح وقد امرت القوابل ان لا يكتمن مولودا يولد، قال: وكان فرعون قد استنكح امراة من بني إسرائيل يقال لها: آسية بنت مزاحم، وكانت من خيار النساء المعدودات ومن بنات الانبياء، وكانت اما للمسلمين ترحمهم وتتصدق عليهم وتعطيهم ويدخلون عليها، فقالت لفرعون وهي قاعدة إلى جنبه: هذا الوليد اكبر من ابن سنة، وإنما امرت ان يذبح الولدان لهذه السنة، فدعه يكن قرة عين لي ولك، ﴿لا تقتلوه عسى ان ينفعنا او نتخذه ولدا وهم لا يشعرون﴾، ان هلاكهم على يديه، وكان فرعون لا يولد له إلا البنات، فاستحياه فرعون ورمقه (1)، والقى الله عليه محبته ورافته ورحمته، وقال لامراته: عسى ان ينفعك انت، فاما انا فلا اريد نفعه. قال وهب: قال ابن عباس: لو ان عدو الله قال في موسى كما قالت امراته آسية: ﴿عسى ان ينفعنا﴾ لنفعه الله به، ولكنه ابى للشقاء الذي كتبه الله عليه. وحرم الله على موسى المراضع ثمانية ايام ولياليهن، كلما اتي بمرضعة لم يقبل ثديها، فرق له فرعون ورحمه، وطلبت له المراضع. وذكر وهب حزن ام موسى وبكاءها عليه، حتى كادت ان تبدي به، ثم تداركها الله برحمته، فربط على قلبها إلى ان بلغها خبره، فقالت لاخته: تنكري واذهبي مع الناس وانظري ماذا يفعلون به، فدخلت اخته مع القوابل على آسية بنت مزاحم، فلما رات وجدهم بموسى وحبهم له ورقتهم عليه، قالت: هل ادلكم على اهل بيت يكفلونه لكم وهم له ناصحون؟ إلى ان رد إلى امه، فمكث موسى عند امه حتى فطمته، ثم ردته إليه، فنشا موسى في حجر فرعون وامراته يربيانه بايديهما، واتخذاه ولدا، فبينا هو يلعب يوما بين يدي فرعون وبيده قضيب له خفيف صغير يلعب به، إذ رفع القضيب فضرب به راس فرعون، فغضب فرعون وتطير من ضربه حتى هم بقتله، فقالت آسية بنت مزاحم: ايها الملك، لا تغضب ولا يشقن عليك، فإنه صبي صغير لا يعقل جربه إن شئت اجعل في هذا الطست جمرة وذهبا، فانظر على ايهما يقبض، فامر فرعون بذلك، فلما مد موسى يده ليقبض على الذهب قبض الملك الموكل به على يده فردها إلى الجمرة، فقبض عليها موسى فالقاها في فيه، ثم قذفها حين وجد حرارتها، فقالت آسية لفرعون: الم اقل لك: إنه لا يعقل شيئا ولا يعلمه، وكف عنه فرعون وصدقها، وكان امر بقتله، ويقال: إن العقدة التي كانت في لسان تلك اثر تلك الجمرة التي التقمها. قال وهب بن منبه: ولما بلغ موسى اشده وبلغ اربعين سنة آتاه الله علما وحكما وفهما، فلبث بذلك اثنتي عشرة سنة، فلما تمت له ثلاثون سنة، دعا إلى دين إبراهيم وشرائعه وإلى دين إسحاق ويعقوب، فآمنت به طائفة من بني إسرائيل، ثم ذكر القصة بطولها (1).
From Wahb bin Munabbih (may Allah have mercy on him) is narrated the account of the birth of Musa bin Imran bin Qahath bin Lawi bin Ya'qub bin Ishaq bin Ibrahim (peace be upon them), the story of the enemy of Allah, Fir'awn, when he was enslaving the Children of Israel in his labours in Egypt, and the affair of Musa and Khidr (peace be upon them both). Wahb said: "When the mother of Musa (peace be upon him) became pregnant with him, she concealed her condition from all the people, so none of Allah's creation came to know of her pregnancy. This was a concealment by which Allah screened her, because He wished to bestow His favour upon the Children of Israel. Then when the year came in which Musa bin Imran was to be born, Fir'awn sent out midwives and gave them instructions, and they searched the women as they had never searched them before. The mother of Musa was pregnant with him, but her belly did not show, her colour did not change and her milk did not spoil, and the midwives did not come to her. Then when the night came in which Musa (peace be upon him) was born, his mother gave birth to him with no watcher over her and no midwife, and no one knew of it except his sister Maryam. Allah Almighty revealed to her: 'Suckle him, and when you fear for him, cast him into the river, and do not fear and do not grieve; indeed We will return him to you and make him one of the messengers.' [Surah al-Qasas: 7] " Wahb says: "So his mother kept him hidden for three months, suckling him in her lap; he neither cried nor moved. Then when she felt fear for herself and for him (the child), she made a chest with a lid and laid a bed for him in it, then cast it into the river (sea) at night as Allah had commanded her. That chest was made in the style of seagoing boats, five hand-spans long and five hand-spans wide, and it was not coated with tar. The chest went floating along on the water, and the river cast the chest onto the bank in the darkness of the night. When morning came, Fir'awn was sitting in his assembly on the bank of the river Nile; his eye fell on the chest, and he said to the servants around him: 'Bring this chest to me.' They brought it to him. When it was placed before him and they opened it, they found Musa (peace be upon him) in it." Wahb says: "When Fir'awn saw him he said: 'This is a Hebrew child from among the enemies.' This seemed a grave matter to him and enraged him, and he said: 'How did this boy escape slaughter, when I had ordered the midwives not to conceal any child that is born?'" The narrator says: Fir'awn had married a woman of the Children of Israel named Asiyah bint Muzahim. She was among the few select best of women and among the daughters of the prophets. She was like a mother to the Muslims; she was merciful to them, gave them charity, and people used to visit her. She said to Fir'awn, while she was sitting at his side: "This child is older than a one-year-old, and you only ordered the slaughter of the children born this year, so leave him; perhaps he will be a comfort to my eyes and yours. 'Do not kill him; perhaps he will benefit us or we may adopt him as a son,' while they did not perceive (the outcome)." [Surah al-Qasas: 9] That is, their destruction was to come at his hands. And only daughters were born to Fir'awn. So Fir'awn let him live and looked at him closely, and Allah placed in his (Fir'awn's) heart love, tenderness and mercy for him (the child). Fir'awn said to his wife: "Perhaps he will benefit you; as for me, I have no need of his benefit." Wahb says that Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Had the enemy of Allah also said about Musa what his wife Asiyah said: 'Perhaps he will benefit us,' Allah Almighty would have benefited him through him as well, but he refused because of the wretchedness that Allah had written for him." And Allah Almighty forbade wet nurses to Musa (peace be upon him) for eight days and nights; whenever a wet nurse was brought, he would refuse to take her milk. At this Fir'awn felt pity for him and showed him mercy, and a search began for wet nurses for him. Wahb mentioned the grief of the mother of Musa (peace be upon him) over him and her weeping, until she was about to disclose his secret; then Allah rescued her with His mercy and strengthened her heart until news of him reached her. She said to his sister: "Disguise yourself and go with the people and see what they do with him." So his sister went with the midwives to Asiyah bint Muzahim. When she saw their distress over Musa, their love and their tenderness for him, she said: "Shall I guide you to a household who will take charge of raising him for you and will be his well-wishers?" until he was returned to his mother. So Musa (peace be upon him) stayed with his mother until she weaned him, then she returned him (to Asiyah). Thus Musa (peace be upon him) grew up in the lap of Fir'awn and his wife; both of them raised him with their own hands and had taken him as their son. One day Musa (peace be upon him) was playing in front of Fir'awn, and in his hand was a small, light stick with which he was playing; suddenly he raised the stick and struck Fir'awn on the head with it. Fir'awn became enraged and took his striking as an ill omen, until he resolved to kill him. Asiyah bint Muzahim said: "O king! Do not be angry and do not let this weigh on you, for he is only a small child without understanding. If you wish, test him: put a live coal and some gold in this vessel, then see which one he takes hold of." Fir'awn ordered that. When Musa (peace be upon him) stretched out his hand to take hold of the gold, the angel appointed over him took hold of his hand and turned it towards the coal, so Musa (peace be upon him) took hold of it and put it in his mouth, then when he felt its heat he spat it out. Asiyah said to Fir'awn: "Did I not tell you that he understands nothing and knows nothing?" So Fir'awn held back from him and accepted what she said, although he had already ordered his killing. It is said that the impediment (knot) in his tongue was the effect of that coal which he had swallowed. Wahb bin Munabbih says: "When Musa (peace be upon him) reached his full strength and his age became forty years, Allah gave him knowledge, wisdom and understanding. He remained in that state for twelve years. Then when he completed thirty years, he called to the religion of Ibrahim and his laws, and to the religion of Ishaq and Ya'qub, and a group of the Children of Israel believed in him." Then the narrator related the whole long story.


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Hadith Number: 4141
حدثنا ابو سعيد احمد بن يعقوب الثقفي، حدثنا احمد بن يحيى الحلواني، حدثنا محمد بن الصباح، حدثنا إسماعيل بن زكريا، عن عاصم الاحول، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ:"إن الله اصطفى موسى بالكلام، وإبراهيم بالخلة" (1).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط البخاري، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4098 - على شرط البخاري
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed Allah Almighty chose Musa (peace be upon him) for (His) speech and Ibrahim (peace be upon him) for (His) close friendship." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Bukhari, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.


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Hadith Number: 4142
حدثنا ابو زكريا يحيى بن محمد العنبري، حدثنا ابو عبد الله البوشنجي، حدثنا مسدد بن مسرهد، حدثنا المعتمر بن سليمان، عن إسماعيل بن ابي خالد [قال: اخبرني عامر] (2) عن عبد الله بن الحارث، عن كعب الاحبار، قال: إن الله ﷿ قسم رؤيته وكلامه بين محمد ﷺ وموسي، فرآه محمد مرتين، وكلمه موسى مرتين (1).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4099 - على شرط مسلم
It is narrated from Ka'b al-Ahbar (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "Indeed Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, divided His vision and His speech between Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and Musa (peace be upon him). So Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) saw Him twice, and He spoke to Musa (peace be upon him) twice."


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Hadith Number: 4143
حدثنا ابو عبد الله محمد بن يعقوب الحافظ، حدثنا علي بن الحسن، حدثنا ابو ظفر عبد السلام بن مطهر، حدثنا جعفر بن سليمان، عن ثابت البناني، عن انس بن مالك، ان النبي ﷺ قال:"موسى بن عمران صفي الله" (2).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط مسلم، ولم يخرجاه.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Musa bin Imran is the chosen one (the elect) of Allah." This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of Imam Muslim, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.


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Hadith Number: 4144
حدثني ابو بكر محمد بن احمد الجلاب، حدثنا احمد بن بشر المرثدي، حدثنا يحيى بن معين، حدثنا حجاج، عن ابي معشر، عن ابي الحويرث عبد الرحمن بن معاوية، قال: مكث موسى بعد ان كلمه الله اربعين يوما لا يراه احد إلا مات (1).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4101 - إسناده لين
It is narrated from Abu al-Huwayrith Abd al-Rahman bin Mu'awiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "After Allah Almighty spoke to him, Musa (peace be upon him) remained for forty days in such a state that whoever saw him would die (that is, unable to bear the majesty and light of his face, he would pass away)."


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