مختصر صحيح بخاري
Mukhtasar Sahih Bukhari
On water distribution.
Narrated Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him): A bowl (of water) was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He drank from it, and on his right side was a boy who was the youngest among the people, and the elderly were sitting on his left side. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to him:“O boy! Do you permit me to give this bowl to these elders before you?”He replied,“O Messenger of Allah! I would not give your leftover to anyone before myself.”So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave it to him.
Narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that (on one occasion) a goat was milked for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and he was in the house of Anas bin Malik. Water from the well in the house of Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) was mixed into the milk. Then the cup (bowl) was given to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he drank from it. When he removed the cup from his mouth, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was on his left side and a Bedouin was on his right side. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said—because he thought that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would give his leftover drink to the Bedouin—“O Messenger of Allah! Give it to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), he is sitting next to you.”But the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave his leftover drink to the Bedouin and said:“The one on the right has more right (to receive first), then whoever is on his right.”
Owner has more right to water until satisfied.
Narrated by Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not withhold water in excess of your need so that the grass may also be withheld."
It is narrated in another narration from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Do not withhold surplus water in order to prevent surplus grass."
Dispute over a well and its resolution.
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), that he (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath in order to unlawfully take the right of a Muslim, and he is lying in that oath, will meet Allah while Allah is angry with him." Then Allah revealed this verse: "Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price..." until the end of the verse (Aal-e-Imran: 77). At that moment, Sayyiduna Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived and said, "Abu Abdur Rahman (i.e., Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him), what are you narrating to you? This verse was revealed concerning me. I had a well in the land of my cousin (he claimed the well as his property until the matter was brought before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to me: 'Present your witnesses (to prove that the well is yours).' I said, 'O Messenger of Allah! I have no witnesses.' So he (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 'Then an oath will be taken from the other party.' I said, 'O Messenger of Allah! He will immediately swear an oath.' On this occasion, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) narrated this hadith, and Allah the Exalted revealed this noble verse to confirm the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."
Sin of one who withholds water from a traveler.
Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to say: "There are three types of people whom Allah will neither look at on the Day of Resurrection nor purify them (from their sins), and for them is a severe punishment: (1) A person who has surplus water while on the road but withholds it from a traveler in need; (2) A person who pledges allegiance to an Imam only for worldly gain—if he is given something of this world, he is pleased, but if he is not given, he is displeased; (3) A person who, after the Asr prayer, stands to sell his goods and swears by Allah—besides whom there is no deity—that he paid such and such a price for it, and someone believes him (and buys it). Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) recited this verse: 'Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their oaths for a small price...' to the end of the verse. (Aal-e-Imran: 77)"
Virtue of giving water.
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "A man was walking when he was overcome by thirst, so he went down into a well and drank water from it. Then he came out and saw a dog panting and licking wet earth due to severe thirst. The man said (to himself), 'This dog has suffered thirst just as I have.' So he went down into the well again, filled his sock with water, held it in his mouth, climbed up, and gave the dog water to drink. Allah accepted this deed of his and forgave him." The people asked, "O Messenger of Allah! Is there a reward for us in serving animals?" He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Yes! There is a reward in serving every living (moist-livered) creature."
Owner of a pond or skin has more right to its water; surplus is for others.
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "There are three types of people with whom Allah will not speak on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He look at them (with mercy): (1) The person who swears an oath on his wealth that he has given more than he actually has, and he is lying; (2) The person who, after Asr, swears a false oath to seize a Muslim's property; (3) The person who has more water than he needs, but does not give it to others. Allah will say (to him on the Day of Resurrection): 'Today I withhold My bounty from you just as you withheld surplus water from people, which you did not create.'"
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, (on the Day of Resurrection) I will drive away some people from my Hawd (Al-Kawthar) just as stray camels are driven away from the water trough."
Government pasture is only for Allah and His Messenger.
Sayyiduna Sa'b bin Jathamah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is not permissible for anyone except Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) to declare a pasture (to prohibit grazing or hunting there)." (The caliph is also the representative of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.)