Narrated Anas: A Jew crushed the head of a girl between two stones. She was asked, "Who has done so to you, soand- so? So-and-so?" Till the name of the Jew was mentioned, whereupon she nodded (in agreement). So the Jew was brought and was questioned till he confessed. The Prophet then ordered that his head be crushed with stones.

Narrated Ibn `Abbas: The custom (in old days) was that the property of the deceased would be inherited by his offspring; as for the parents (of the deceased), they would inherit by the will of the deceased. Then Allah cancelled from that custom whatever He wished and fixed for the male double the amount inherited by the female, and for each parent a sixth (of the whole legacy) and for the wife an eighth or a fourth and for the husband a half or a fourth.

Narrated Abu Huraira: A man asked the Prophet, "O Allah's Apostle! What kind of charity is the best?" He replied. "To give in charity when you are healthy and greedy hoping to be wealthy and afraid of becoming poor. Don't delay giving in charity till the time when you are on the death bed when you say, 'Give so much to soand- so and so much to so-and so,' and at that time the property is not yours but it belongs to so-and-so (i.e. your inheritors).

‘And it is transmitted that’ Qadi Shurayh, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Tawus, Ata, and Abdur Rahman bin Azinah — these people considered the acknowledgment of debt during illness to be valid. And Imam Hasan al-Basri said: A person should be considered most truthful when it is his last day in this world and his first day in the Hereafter. And Ibrahim al-Nakha’i and Hakam bin Utbah said: If a sick person says to an heir,“I have no debt upon him,”then this discharge is valid. And Rafi’ bin Khadij (Companion) made a bequest that the wealth tied at the door of his wife Fazariyyah should not be opened. And Imam Hasan al-Basri said: If someone, at the time of death, says to his slave,“I have set you free,”then it is permissible. And al-Sha’bi said: If a woman, at the time of death, says,“My husband has given me my dowry and I have received it,”then it is permissible. And some people (the Hanafis) say: The acknowledgment of a sick person in favor of one heir, due to the suspicion of other heirs, is not valid. Then these same people say: If a sick person acknowledges a trust, deposit, or partnership, it is valid, even though the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:“Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the greatest falsehood.”And O Muslims! (It is) not permissible to usurp the right of other heirs, because the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:“The sign of a hypocrite is that he betrays in trust.”And Allah the Exalted said in Surah al-Nisa:“Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due.”In this, there is no distinction between an heir or a non-heir. On this subject, a marfu’ hadith is narrated from Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both).

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "The signs of a hypocrite are three: Whenever he speaks he tells a lie; whenever he is entrusted he proves dishonest; whenever he promises he breaks his promise."

'And it is reported that' the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered that debt be given precedence over bequest, and (in this Surah) the statement of Allah «إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلها‏» "Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due." So fulfilling a trust (debt) is more necessary than fulfilling a voluntary bequest, and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "The best charity is that after which a person remains wealthy." And Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said, "A slave cannot make a bequest without the permission of his master," and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "A slave is a guardian over the wealth of his master."

Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair: Hakim bin Hizam said, "I asked Allah's Apostle for something, and he gave me, and I asked him again and he gave me and said, 'O Hakim! This wealth is green and sweet (i.e. as tempting as fruits), and whoever takes it without greed then he is blessed in it, and whoever takes it with greediness, he is not blessed in it and he is like one who eats and never gets satisfied. The upper (i.e. giving) hand is better than the lower (i.e. taking) hand." Hakim added, "I said, O Allah's Apostle! By Him Who has sent you with the Truth I will never demand anything from anybody after you till I die." Afterwards Abu Bakr used to call Hakim to give him something but he refused to accept anything from him. Then `Umar called him to give him (something) but he refused. Then `Umar said, "O Muslims! I offered to him (i.e. Hakim) his share which Allah has ordained for him from this booty and he refuses to take it." Thus Hakim did not ask anybody for anything after the Prophet, till he died--may Allah bestow His mercy upon him.

Narrated Ibn `Umar: I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "All of you are guardians and responsible for your charges: the Ruler (i.e. Imam) is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; and a man is a guardian of his family and is responsible for his charges; and a lady is a guardian in the house of her husband and is responsible for her charge; and a servant is a guardian of the property of his master and is responsible for his charge." I think he also said, "And a man is a guardian of the property of his father."

And Thabit narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Abu Talha: "Give this garden to your needy relatives." So he gave it to Hassan and Ubayy ibn Ka'b (who were the sons of Abu Talha's uncle). And Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Ansari said: My father narrated to me, from Thumama, from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), as Thabit narrated, and in it is: "Give it to your needy relatives." Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: So Abu Talha gave that garden to Hassan and Ubayy ibn Ka'b; they were closer relatives to Abu Talha than me. And the relationship of Hassan and Ubayy ibn Ka'b to Abu Talha was that Abu Talha's name is Zayd, son of Suhail, son of Aswad, son of Haram, son of Amr ibn Zayd Manat ibn Adi ibn Amr ibn Malik ibn Najjar; and Hassan is the son of Thabit, son of Mundhir, son of Haram. So both meet at Haram, who is the great-grandfather. So Haram ibn Amr ibn Zayd Manat ibn Adi ibn Amr ibn Malik ibn Najjar connects Hassan and Abu Talha. And Ubayy ibn Ka'b meets Abu Talha in the sixth generation, that is, at Amr ibn Malik. Ubayy ibn Ka'b is the son of Qais, son of Ubayd, son of Zayd, son of Mu'awiyah, son of Amr ibn Malik ibn Najjar. So Amr ibn Malik connects Hassan, Abu Talha, and Ubayy, all three. And some (the student of Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Abu Yusuf) said: If he makes a bequest for his relatives, then all the Muslim ancestors who have passed are included.

Narrated Anas: The Prophet said to Abu Talha, "I recommend that you divide (this garden) amongst your relatives." Abu Talha said, "O Allah's Apostle! I will do the same." So Abu Talha divided it among his relatives and cousins. Ibn 'Abbes said, "When the Qur'anic Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen." (26.214) Was revealed, the Prophet started calling the various big families of Quraish, "O Bani Fihr! O Bani Adi!". Abu Huraira said, "When the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen" was revealed, the Prophet said (in a loud voice), "O people of Quraish!"