مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musanif Ibn Abi Shaiba
كتاب المغازي
Book of Battles
ما قالوا: في مهاجر النبي ﷺ وأبي بكر وقدوم من قدم
Statements of the Hadith Scholars About the Place of Migration of the Prophet (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr (رضی اللہ عنہ)
Numbering by, Al-Awamah: 37765, Al-Shathri: ,39370
٣٩٣٧٠ - حدثنا عبيد الله بن موسى قال: اخبرنا إسرائيل عن ابي إسحاق عن البراء بن عازب قال: اشترى ابو بكر من (عازب) (١) (رحلا) (٢) بثلاثة عشر ⦗٤٠٠⦘ درهما فقال ابو بكر لعازب: مر البراء فليحمله إلى رحلي، فقال له عازب: (لا) (٣)، حتى (تحدثنا) (٤) كيف صنعت انت ورسول الله ﷺ حيث خرجتما والمشركون يطلبونكما. قال: رحلنا من مكة فاحيينا ليلتنا ويومنا حتى اظهرنا، وقام قائم الظهيرة فرميت ببصري هل ارى من ظل ناوي إليه، فإذا انا بصخرة فانتهينا إليها، (فإذا) (٥) بقية ظل لها، فنظرت (بقية) (٦) ظل (لها) (٧) فسويته ثم فرشت لرسول الله ﷺ (فيه) (٨) فروة، ثم قلت: اضطجع يا رسول الله فاضطجع. ثم ذهبت انقض ما حولي هل ارى من الطلب احدا، فإذا انا براعي غنم يسوق غنمه إلى الصخرة، يريد منها الذي اريد فسالته فقلت: لمن انت يا غلام؟ فقال: لرجل من قريش، قال: فسماه فعرفته، فقلت: هل في غنمك من لبن؟ قال: نعم، قلت: هل انت (٩) (حالب لي) (١٠) قال: نعم. قال: فامرته فاعتقل شاة من غنمه فامرته ان ينفض ضرعها من الغبار، ثم امرته ان ينفض كفيه، فقال: هكذا، فضرب إحدى يديه بالاخرى، فحلب كثبة من لبن، ومعي لرسول الله ﷺ إداوة على فمها خرقة، فصببت على اللبن حتى برد اسفله. ⦗٤٠١⦘ فاتيت رسول الله ﷺ فوافقته قد استيقظ فقلت: اشرب يا رسول الله، فشرب رسول الله ﷺ حتى رضيت. ثم قلت: انى الرحيل يا رسول الله، فارتحلنا والقوم يطلبوننا، فلم يدركنا احد منهم غير سراقة بن مالك بن (جعشم) (١١) على فرس له، فقلت: هذا الطلب قد لحقنا يا رسول الله (١٢) وبكيت فقال:"ما يبكيك؟" فقلت: اما والله ما على نفسي ابكي ولكني ابكي عليك، قال: فدعا عليه رسول الله ﷺ فقال:"اللهم اكفناه بما شئت"، قال: فساخت به فرسه في الارض إلى بطنها، فوثب عنها ثم قال: يا محمد قد علمت ان هذا عملك، فادع الله ان ينجيني مما انا فيه، فوالله لاعمين على من ورائي من الطلب، وهذه كنانتي فخذ سهما منهما فإنك ستمر على إبلي وغنمي بمكان كذا وكذا فخذ منها حاجتك، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"لا حاجة لنا في إبلك". وانصرف عن رسول الله ﷺ (ودعا له رسول الله ﷺ) (١٣)، وانطلق راجعا إلى اصحابه، ومضى رسول الله ﷺ وانا معه حتى قدمنا المدينة ليلا، فتنازعه القوم: ايهم ينزل عليه، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"إني انزل الليلة على بني النجار اخوال عبد المطلب، اكرمهم بذلك"، فخرج الناس حتى دخل المدينة، وفي الطريق وعلى البيوت الغلمان والخدم (١٤) جاء محمد (١٥) جاء رسول الله، فلما اصبح انطلق فنزل حيث (امره) (١٦) (الله) (١٧). ⦗٤٠٢⦘ (١٨) وكان رسول الله ﷺ قد صلى نحو بيت المقدس ستة عشر شهرا او سبعة عشر شهرا، وكان رسول الله ﷺ يحب ان يوجه نحو الكعبة فانزل الله: ﴿قد نرى تقلب وجهك في السماء فلنولينك قبلة ترضاها فول وجهك شطر المسجد الحرام﴾ [البقرة: ١٤٤]، قال: فوجه نحو الكعبة، وقال السفهاء من الناس: ﴿ما ولاهم عن قبلتهم التي كانوا عليها قل لله المشرق والمغرب يهدي من يشاء إلى صراط مستقيم﴾ [البقرة: ١٤٢]. قال: وصلى مع النبي ﵊ (١٩) رجل ثم خرج بعد ما صلى، فمر على قوم من الانصار وهم ركوع في صلاة العصر نحو بيت المقدس فقال: هو يشهد انه صلى مع النبي ﷺ، وانه قد وجه نحو الكعبة، قال: فانحرف القوم حتى وجهوا نحو الكعبة. قال البراء: وكان نزل علينا من المهاجرين مصعب بن عمير اخو بني عبد الدار بن قصي، فقلنا له: ما فعل رسول الله ﷺ؟ (فقال) (٢٠): هو ومكانه واصحابه على اثري، ثم اتانا (بعده) (٢١) عمرو بن ام مكتوم اخو بني فهر الاعمى، فقلنا له: ما فعل من (وراءك) (٢٢) رسول الله (٢٣) واصحابه؟ فقال: هم على اثري. ثم اتانا (بعده عمار بن ياسر وسعد بن ابي وقاص وعبد الله بن مسعود وبلال، ثم اتانا) (٢٤) عمر بن الخطاب من بعدهم في عشربن راكبا، ثم اتانا بعدهم ⦗٤٠٣⦘ رسول الله ﷺ وابو بكر معه، فلم يقدم علينا حتى قرات سورا من سور المفصل، ثم خرجنا حتى نتلقى العير فوجدناهم قد حذروا (٢٥).
ريفرينس و تحكيم الحدیث:
(١) في [أ، ب]: (عارب).
(٢) في [جـ، س، ق]: (رجلًا).
(٣) سقط من: [أ].
(٤) في [ق]: (تحدثني).
(٥) في [ق]: (نظرت).
(٦) في [هـ]: (بقبة).
(٧) سقط من: [ط، هـ].
(٨) سقط من: [ق].
(٩) في [أ، ب]: زيادة (مأذون).
(١٠) في [أ، ب]: (بالحلب فتحلب لي).
(١١) في [ب، ي]: (جعثم).
(١٢) في [هـ]: زيادة (فقال: لا تحزن إن اللَّه معنا، حتى إذا دنا منا فكان بيننا وبينه قدر رمح أو رمحين أو ثلاثة، قال: قلت: يا رسول اللَّه هذا الطلب قد لحقنا).
(١٣) سقط من: [ع].
(١٤) في [ق]: زيادة (يقولون).
(١٥) في [أ، ب، جـ، ق]: زيادة ﷺ.
(١٦) في [س]: (أمر).
(١٧) سقط من: [أ، ب].
(١٨) في [أ، ب]: زيادة (قال: وقد)، وفي [جـ]: (قال).
(١٩) في [أ، ب، جـ]: ﷺ.
(٢٠) هكذا في: [ق، هـ]، وفي بقية النسخ: (فقلت).
(٢١) في [ق، هـ]: (بعد).
(٢٢) في [ي]: (وراك).
(٢٣) في [أ، ب، جـ، ي]: زيادة ﷺ.
(٢٤) سقط من: [هـ].
(٢٥) صحيح؛ أخرجه البخاري (٣٦١٥)، ومسلم (٢٠٠٩).
It is narrated from Hazrat Bara bin Azib that Hazrat Abu Bakr bought some travel goods from Hazrat Azib for thirteen dirhams. Hazrat Abu Bakr said to Hazrat Azib, "Order Bara to carry it to my saddle." Hazrat Azib said to Hazrat Siddiq Akbar, "No! Not until you tell us what you and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did when you both set out and the polytheists were searching for you."
2. Hazrat Abu Bakr said: "When we departed from Mecca, we traveled for a night and a day without sleep until it was noon and the time of decline (of the sun) had come. I looked around to see if I could find any shade where we could take shelter, and suddenly I saw a rock. So we reached it. There was still some shade left. I looked at the remaining shade and prepared the place, then I spread leather for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in that shade. Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Please lie down.' So he lay down. Then I began to look around to see if I could spot any pursuer, and suddenly I saw a shepherd driving his sheep towards the same rock. His purpose for the rock was the same as mine. I asked him, 'O boy! Whose are you?' He replied, 'A man from Quraysh.' Abu Bakr says, 'When the slave mentioned the man's name, I recognized him.'
3. I asked, 'Do your sheep have milk?' He replied, 'Yes!' I said, 'Will you milk some for me?' He said, 'Yes!' Hazrat Abu Bakr says: I ordered him, so he caught a goat from his flock. Then I told him to clean the dust from the goat's udders. Then I told him to clean his hands. He said, 'Like this?' Then he struck one hand with the other, then he milked a little. I had a water vessel for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with a cloth tied over its mouth. I poured the milk into it until it became cool from below. Then I presented it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I found him awake. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Please drink.' So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) drank until I was pleased.
4. Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! It is time to depart.' Then we set out while people were searching for us. None of them found us except Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju'sham. He was riding his horse. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! This pursuer has reached us.' And I began to weep. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'What makes you weep?' I said, 'By Allah! I do not weep for my own life, but I weep for you.' Abu Bakr says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed against Suraqah and said, 'O Allah! Deal with him as You wish on our behalf.' Abu Bakr says: Suraqah's horse sank into the ground up to its belly. Suraqah jumped off his horse and said, 'O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! I know this is your doing. So pray to Allah to save me from this calamity. By Allah! I will surely keep this matter hidden from my pursuers. And here is my quiver, take an arrow from it. And soon you will pass by my camels and goats at such-and-such place; take from them whatever you need.' The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'We have no need of your camels.' Then he turned back from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for him. Suraqah returned to his companions.
5. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued on, and I was with him, until we reached Medina at night. The people began to dispute about where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would stay. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'Tonight I will stay with Banu Najjar, who are the maternal uncles of Abdul Muttalib...'
2. Hazrat Abu Bakr said: "When we departed from Mecca, we traveled for a night and a day without sleep until it was noon and the time of decline (of the sun) had come. I looked around to see if I could find any shade where we could take shelter, and suddenly I saw a rock. So we reached it. There was still some shade left. I looked at the remaining shade and prepared the place, then I spread leather for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in that shade. Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Please lie down.' So he lay down. Then I began to look around to see if I could spot any pursuer, and suddenly I saw a shepherd driving his sheep towards the same rock. His purpose for the rock was the same as mine. I asked him, 'O boy! Whose are you?' He replied, 'A man from Quraysh.' Abu Bakr says, 'When the slave mentioned the man's name, I recognized him.'
3. I asked, 'Do your sheep have milk?' He replied, 'Yes!' I said, 'Will you milk some for me?' He said, 'Yes!' Hazrat Abu Bakr says: I ordered him, so he caught a goat from his flock. Then I told him to clean the dust from the goat's udders. Then I told him to clean his hands. He said, 'Like this?' Then he struck one hand with the other, then he milked a little. I had a water vessel for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with a cloth tied over its mouth. I poured the milk into it until it became cool from below. Then I presented it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I found him awake. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Please drink.' So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) drank until I was pleased.
4. Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! It is time to depart.' Then we set out while people were searching for us. None of them found us except Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju'sham. He was riding his horse. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! This pursuer has reached us.' And I began to weep. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'What makes you weep?' I said, 'By Allah! I do not weep for my own life, but I weep for you.' Abu Bakr says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed against Suraqah and said, 'O Allah! Deal with him as You wish on our behalf.' Abu Bakr says: Suraqah's horse sank into the ground up to its belly. Suraqah jumped off his horse and said, 'O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! I know this is your doing. So pray to Allah to save me from this calamity. By Allah! I will surely keep this matter hidden from my pursuers. And here is my quiver, take an arrow from it. And soon you will pass by my camels and goats at such-and-such place; take from them whatever you need.' The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'We have no need of your camels.' Then he turned back from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed for him. Suraqah returned to his companions.
5. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued on, and I was with him, until we reached Medina at night. The people began to dispute about where the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would stay. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'Tonight I will stay with Banu Najjar, who are the maternal uncles of Abdul Muttalib...'
تخریج الحدیث: (مصنف ابن ابي شيبه: ترقيم سعد الشثري 39370، ترقيم محمد عوامة 37765)