المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب قسم الفيء
Book of the Distribution of Fay
أعطى الفارس سهمين وأعطى الراجل سهما
He gave the horseman two shares and the foot soldier one share
Hadith Number: 2626
حدثنا ابو جعفر عبد الله بن إسماعيل بن إبراهيم بن المنصور امير المؤمنين إملاء في دار المنصور، حدثنا ابو جعفر محمد بن يوسف بن الطباع، حدثنا عمي محمد بن عيسى بن الطباع، حدثنا مجمع بن يعقوب بن مجمع بن يزيد الانصاري قال: سمعت ابي يعقوب بن مجمع يذكر عن عمه عبد الرحمن بن يزيد بن مجمع الانصاري، عن عمه مجمع بن جارية الانصاري - وكان احد القراء الذين قرؤوا القرآن - قال: شهدنا الحديبية مع رسول الله ﷺ، فلما انصرفنا عنها إذا الناس يهزون بالاباعر، فقال بعض الناس لبعض: ما للناس؟ قالوا: اوحي إلى رسول الله ﷺ، فخرجنا مع الناس نوجف فوجدنا النبي ﷺ واقفا على راحلته عند كراع الغميم، فلما اجتمع عليه الناس قرا عليهم: ﴿إنا فتحنا لك فتحا مبينا﴾، فقال رجل: يا رسول الله، افتح هو؟ قال:"نعم والذي نفس محمد بيده، إنه لفتح". فقسمت خيبر على اهل الحديبية، فقسمها رسول الله ﷺ على ستة عشر (1) سهما، وكان الجيش الفا وخمس مئة، منهم ثلاث مئة فارس، فاعطى الفارس سهمين، واعطى الراجل سهما (2). حديث كبير صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2593 - صحيح
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2593 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mujammi' bin Jariyah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of the Qur'an reciters who had memorised the Qur'an: We were present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at Hudaybiyah. When we returned from there, the people were driving their camels swiftly. Some asked others: What has happened to the people? They answered: Revelation has come down to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So we too hurried along with the people, and we saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) standing on his mount at a place called "Kura' al-Ghamim". When the people had gathered around him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse to them: "Indeed, We have granted you a clear victory." A man said: O Messenger of Allah, is it a victory? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, by the One in whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, it is certainly a victory." So Khaybar (its spoils) was distributed only among the people of Hudaybiyah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided it into sixteen shares. The army numbered one thousand five hundred, among whom were three hundred horsemen. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the horseman two shares and the foot soldier one share.
This is a great hadith with a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده فيه لِينٌ، يعقوب بن مجمِّع بن جارية إنما يُعتبر به في المتابعات والشواهد، وقد وهم في هذا الحديث بذكر عدد الفُرسان وفي تقسيم السِّهام عليهم، كما نَبَّه عليه أبو داود بإثر الحديث (3736)، وكذلك البيهقي في "الدلائل" 4/ 240، ونقل في "معرفة السنن والآثار" (13029) و (13030) عن الإمام ...» [ترقيم الرساله 2626] [ترقيم الشركة 2609] [ترقيم العلميه 2593]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 2626 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: Manuscript (B) has "thirteen" (thalathata 'ashar), but both of these (thirteen and what is in the text) are wrong. The correct number is "eighteen" (thamaniyata 'ashar), as found in all the other sources of the hadith.
(1) في (ب): ثلاثة عشر. وكلاهما خطأ، صوابه: ثمانية عشر، كما في سائر مصادر تخريج الحديث.
Grading: Its chain has some weakness (lin).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The narration of Ya'qub bin Mujammi' bin Jariyah is taken into consideration only in corroborations and supporting reports. He erred in this hadith in mentioning the number of horsemen and the distribution of the shares among them, as Abu Dawud (3736) and al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (4/ 240) pointed out. Imam al-Shafi'i said that its narrator Mujammi' bin Ya'qub is an unknown shaykh, so we have given preference to the (sahih) hadith of 'Ubayd Allah bin 'Umar. But we say that Mujammi' (the son) is thiqah and well known; the real problem lies with his father Ya'qub. The hadith of 'Ubayd Allah bin 'Umar that Imam al-Shafi'i referred to is in al-Bukhari (2863) and Muslim (1762) by way of Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) assigned the horseman three shares (one for himself and two for his horse). Imam al-Bayhaqi says that this is the sahih one and the one well known among the scholars of the maghazi.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The narration of Ya'qub bin Mujammi' bin Jariyah is taken into consideration only in corroborations and supporting reports. He erred in this hadith in mentioning the number of horsemen and the distribution of the shares among them, as Abu Dawud (3736) and al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (4/ 240) pointed out. Imam al-Shafi'i said that its narrator Mujammi' bin Ya'qub is an unknown shaykh, so we have given preference to the (sahih) hadith of 'Ubayd Allah bin 'Umar. But we say that Mujammi' (the son) is thiqah and well known; the real problem lies with his father Ya'qub. The hadith of 'Ubayd Allah bin 'Umar that Imam al-Shafi'i referred to is in al-Bukhari (2863) and Muslim (1762) by way of Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) assigned the horseman three shares (one for himself and two for his horse). Imam al-Bayhaqi says that this is the sahih one and the one well known among the scholars of the maghazi.
(2) إسناده فيه لِينٌ، يعقوب بن مجمِّع بن جارية إنما يُعتبر به في المتابعات والشواهد، وقد وهم في هذا الحديث بذكر عدد الفُرسان وفي تقسيم السِّهام عليهم، كما نَبَّه عليه أبو داود بإثر الحديث (3736)، وكذلك البيهقي في "الدلائل" 4/ 240، ونقل في "معرفة السنن والآثار" (13029) و (13030) عن الإمام الشافعي قوله: مجمِّع بن يعقوب راوي هذا الحديث شيخ لا يُعرف، فأخذنا بحديث عُبيد الله بن عمر، ولم نرَ خبرًا مثله يعارضُه. قلنا: بل مجمِّع معروف ثقة، وإنما الشأن في أبيه يعقوب، وحديث عبيد الله بن عمر الذي عناه الشافعي وأبو داود هو حديثه عن نافع عن ابن عمر: أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ أسهم للرجل ولفرسه ثلاثة أسهم: سهمًا له وسهمين لفرسه. وهو عند البخاري (2863) ومسلم (1762) وغيرهما، وقال البيهقي في "الدلائل": وهذا هو الصحيح، وهو المعروف بين أهل المغازي.
Details of the narration: Imam al-Bayhaqi said in "al-Ma'rifah" (13031) that according to the narrations of Ibn 'Abbas, Salih bin Kaysan, Bashir bin Yasar and others, the number of horses was two hundred (200). This hadith of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) will come later at no. (2648).
وقال في "المعرفة" (13031): في رواية ابن عباس وصالح بن كيسان وبشير بن يسار وأهل المغازي: أنَّ الخيل كانت مئتي فرس. قلنا: حديث ابن عباس سيأتي برقم (2648).
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud narrated this hadith of Mujammi' at (2736) and (3015) with this same chain of Muhammad bin 'Isa.
وأخرج حديث مجمّعٍ أبو داود (2736) و (3015) عن محمد بن عيسى، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad narrated it at (24/ 15470) via Ishaq bin 'Isa bin al-Tabba' (the brother of Muhammad bin 'Isa) from Mujammi' bin Ya'qub.
وأخرجه أحمد (24/ 15470) عن إسحاق بن عيسى بن الطبّاع أخي محمد بن عيسى، عن مجمع بن يعقوب، به.
Details of the narration: The first part of this hadith will come later, in the story of the revelation of Surat al-Fath, at no. (3753) by way of Isma'il bin Abi Uways, without mention of 'Abd al-Rahman bin Yazid.
وسيأتي الشطر الأول منه في قصة نزول سورة الفتح برقم (3753) من طريق إسماعيل بن أبي أويس، عن مجمع بن يعقوب، عن أبيه، عن مجمع بن جارية، دون ذكر عبد الرحمن بن يزيد بن مجمِّع.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Support for the fact that this surah (Surat al-Fath) was revealed after al-Hudaybiyah, between Makkah and Madinah, comes from the hadith of al-Miswar bin Makhramah, which will come later at no. (3752), and its chain is hasan.
ويشهد لكون هذه السورة نزلت بعد الحديبية بين مكة والمدينة حديث المِسوَر بن مَخرمَة الآتي برقم (3752)، وإسناده حسن.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: A hadith of the same meaning from Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) is in Ahmad (6/ 3710) and al-Nasa'i (8802), and its chain too is hasan.
وحديث ابن مسعود عند أحمد (6/ 3710)، والنسائي (8802)، وإسناده حسن أيضًا.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The hadith of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) is also found with Imam Muslim (1786) and other hadith scholars. Also see the forthcoming hadith of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), no. (3754).
وحديث أنس عند مسلم (1786) وغيره. وانظر حديث أنس الآتي برقم (3754).
Note / Clarification: The words of the hadith "yahuzzuna al-aba'ir" mean: they were driving the camels hard and pushing them forward; "al-aba'ir" is the plural of "ba'ir" (camel).
Important point: "Kura' al-Ghamim" is a place between Makkah and Madinah, located 16 kilometres south of 'Usfan on the road to Makkah; it lies at a distance of 64 kilometres from Makkah on the Madinah road, and today it is known as "Barqa' al-Ghamim".
Important point: "Kura' al-Ghamim" is a place between Makkah and Madinah, located 16 kilometres south of 'Usfan on the road to Makkah; it lies at a distance of 64 kilometres from Makkah on the Madinah road, and today it is known as "Barqa' al-Ghamim".
قوله: "يهزُّون الأباعر" أي: يَحُثُّون الأباعر ويدفعونها، والأباعر جمع بعير. ¤ ¤ وكُراع الغَميم: موضع بين مكة والمدينة يقع جنوب عُسفان بستة عشر كيلًا على الطريق إلى مكة، وهي على مسافة (64) كيلًا من مكة على طريق المدينة، وتعرف اليوم ببرقاء الغميم.
