Grading: This hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi", and this chain is, if Allah wills, "hasan".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (The narrator) Wa'il bin Mahanah is one of the senior Successors; Ibn Sa'd and Muslim counted him in the first generation (tabaqah) of the people of Kufah, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in "al-Thiqat" and declared this hadith of his sahih. However, the words in the hadith "and whoever is found deficient" to the end are in fact the saying of 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) himself, as is made clear in detail by others besides the author (al-Hakim). Here these words have been "interpolated" (mudraj) into the hadith, giving the false impression that they too are marfu' like the rest of the hadith. Nevertheless, this content is also established as marfu' from Companions other than Ibn Mas'ud, as will come. As for the attribution (nisbah) of Wa'il bin Mahanah, he is known as "al-Taymi" (attributed to Taym al-Ribab, with a kasrah on the ra'), not "al-Sa'di" as he is attributed here. And Allah knows best. Sufyan (in the chain) refers to "al-Thawri", Mansur to "Ibn al-Mu'tamir", Jarir to "Ibn 'Abd al-Hamid", and Dharr to "Ibn 'Abdullah al-Murhibi".

Reference / Source: The first part of the hadith is in "Musnad Ahmad" (7/ 4019) from 'Abd al-Razzaq with this same chain.

Reference / Source: Ahmad (6/ 3569) and al-Nasa'i (9213) recorded it likewise through the route of Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah, and Ibn Abi Shaybah (3/ 110) through the route of Abu al-Ahwas. Both of them (Sufyan and Abu al-Ahwas) narrate it likewise from Mansur bin al-Mu'tamir.

Reference / Source: Ahmad (7/ 4037) narrated it likewise from Abu Mu'awiyah, from al-A'mash.

Reference / Source: Abu Ya'la (5144) narrated it likewise from Abu Khaythamah Zuhayr bin Harb, from Jarir.

Technical note / Defect ('illah): Mansur bin Abi al-Aswad contradicted them, in al-Nasa'i (9214): he narrated it from al-A'mash as "mawquf" on 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud, who said: "O assembly of women, give charity" (to the end of the saying).

Corroborating chains and supporting reports: They were matched in narrating this hadith as "marfu'" by "al-Hakam bin 'Utaybah": Ahmad (7/ 4122) recorded it through the route of al-Mas'udi; and Ahmad (4151, 4152), al-Nasa'i (9212) and Ibn Hibban (3323) through the route of Shu'bah bin al-Hajjaj. Both of them (al-Mas'udi and Shu'bah) narrate it from al-Hakam bin 'Utaybah, from Dharr al-Murhibi, likewise as "marfu'" up to the words "al-'ashir" (the husband).
Details of the narration: Ibn Hibban added in his narration after that: "'Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) said: There are none deficient in intellect and religion" and then mentioned something similar to what is here.

Reference / Source: Among the hadith scholars who recorded this hadith in full, with Ibn Mas'ud's saying stated "separately and clearly" from the marfu' part, are: al-Humaydi (92), Ibn Abi 'Umar al-'Adani in "al-Iman" (35), and Ibn 'Abd al-Barr in "al-Tamhid" (3/ 325), through the route of Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah; and Abu Ya'la (5112) through the route of 'Abd al-'Aziz bin 'Abd al-Samad. Both of them narrate it likewise from Mansur bin al-Mu'tamir.

Reference / Source: Likewise al-Darimi (1047), al-Harith bin Abi Usamah in his "Musnad" (as cited in Bughyat al-Bahith: 297), and al-Haytham bin Kulayb al-Shashi in his "Musnad" (871) narrated it through the route of al-Hakam bin 'Utaybah from Dharr. And its second part (the one about those deficient in intellect) was recorded separately, solely as the saying of Ibn Mas'ud, by Ibn Abi Shaybah in "al-Musannaf" (11/ 38) and "al-Iman" (59) from Abu Mu'awiyah, and by Ibn Battah in "al-Ibanah" (2/ 849-850) through the route of Muhadir bin al-Muwarri'; and both of them narrate it from al-A'mash.

Details of the narration: And this narration will come with the author (al-Hakim) later at number (8997) through the route of Qabisah bin 'Uqbah from Sufyan al-Thawri, in which the mawquf part will be "interpolated" (mudraj) with the marfu'. And after it, the first part will come through the route of Yahya bin Yahya from Jarir.

Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This hadith is established as sahih in its entirety from the narration of 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), found in Ahmad (9/ 5343), Muslim (79), Abu Dawud (4679) and Ibn Majah (4003). It is also established as sahih from the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), found in Ahmad (14/ 8862) and al-Tirmidhi (2613), and al-Tirmidhi called it "hasan".