المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب المغازي والسرايا
Book of Military Expeditions and Raids
لا تمنوا لقاء العدو وسلوا الله العافية
Do not wish to meet the enemy, and ask Allah for well-being
Hadith Number: 4390
حدثنا ابو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الصفار إملاء، حدثنا زكريا بن يحيى بن مروان وإبراهيم بن إسماعيل السوطي، قالا: حدثنا فضيل بن عبد الوهاب، حدثنا جعفر بن سليمان عن الخليل بن مرة، عن عمرو بن دينار، عن جابر بن عبد الله، قال: لما كان يوم خيبر بعث رسول الله ﷺ رجلا فجبن، فجاء محمد بن مسلمة، فقال: يا رسول الله، لم ار كاليوم قط، قتل محمود بن مسلمة، فقال رسول الله:"لا تمنوا لقاء العدو، وسلوا الله العافية، فإنكم لا تدرون ما تبتلون معهم، وإذا لقيتموهم فقولوا: اللهم انت ربنا وربهم، ونواصينا ونواصيهم بيدك، وإنما تقتلهم انت، ثم الزموا الارض جلوسا، فإذا غشوكم فانهضوا وكبروا". ثم قال رسول الله ﷺ:"لابعثن غدا رجلا يحب الله ورسوله ويحبانه، لا يولي الدبر، يفتح الله على يديه" فتشرف لها الناس، وعلي يومئذ ارمد، فقال له رسول الله ﷺ:"سر" فقال: يا رسول الله، ما ابصر موضعا، فتفل في عينيه، وعقد له، ودفع إليه الراية، فقال علي: يا رسول الله، علام اقاتلهم؟ فقال:"على ان يشهدوا ان لا إله إلا الله، واني رسول الله، فإذا فعلوا ذلك فقد حقنوا دماءهم واموالهم إلا بحقهما، وحسابهم على الله ﷿"، قال: فلقيهم ففتح الله عليه (1). قد اتفق الشيخان على إخراج حديث الراية - يعني - ولم يخرجاه بهذه السياقة.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4342 - اخرجا ذكر الراية منه
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4342 - اخرجا ذكر الراية منه
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: On the day of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent a man (with the banner), but he showed cowardice and came back. Then Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have never seen (a sight) like today; (his brother) Mahmud bin Maslamah has been martyred." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not wish to meet the enemy, and ask Allah for well-being, for you do not know how you will be tested with them. But when you do meet them, say: 'Allahumma anta rabbuna wa rabbuhum, wa nawasina wa nawasihim biyadik, wa innama taqtuluhum anta' (O Allah, You are our Lord and their Lord, our forelocks and their forelocks are in Your hand, and it is only You who kills them). Then keep firmly seated on the ground, and when they come upon you, rise up and call out 'Allahu Akbar'." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tomorrow I will give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him; he will not turn his back and flee, and Allah will grant victory at his hands." The people began craning their necks in hope of this honour, while Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was suffering from an eye ailment in those days. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Go forward." He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I cannot see anything." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) put his saliva in his eyes, prepared the banner for him and handed it to him. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah! On what basis shall I fight them?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "On the basis that they bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah. When they accept this, they will have protected their blood and their wealth from me, except by their due right, and their reckoning rests with Allah, the Mighty and Majestic." The narrator says: Then he met the enemy, and Allah granted victory at his hands.
The two Shaykhs agreed on (recording) the basis of the hadith of the banner, but they did not record it with this wording.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف بهذه السِّياقة لضعف الخليل بن مرّة، فهو على صلاحه ضعيف الحديث، ولكن لأجزاء هذا الحديث شواهد صحيحة.» [ترقيم الرساله 4390] [ترقيم الشركة 4367] [ترقيم العلميه 4342]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 4390 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) With this wording its chain is "da'if" because of the weakness of al-Khalil bin Murrah; despite his righteousness (salah) he is da'if in hadith.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: But the parts of this hadith have "sahih supporting reports".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: But the parts of this hadith have "sahih supporting reports".
(1) إسناده ضعيف بهذه السِّياقة لضعف الخليل بن مرّة، فهو على صلاحه ضعيف الحديث، ولكن لأجزاء هذا الحديث شواهد صحيحة.
Reference / Source: Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi narrated it in "Mu'jam al-Sahabah" (5/ 424) from Zuhayr bin Muhammad al-Marwazi, and al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Saghir" (790) and in "al-Du'a'" (1072) from Muhammad bin al-Fadl bin Jabir al-Saqati; both of them narrate it from Fudayl bin 'Abd al-Wahhab, with this chain.
وأخرجه أبو القاسم البغويّ في "معجم الصحابة" 5/ 424 عن زهير بن محمد المَروَزي، والطبراني في "المعجم الصغير" (790)، وفي "الدعاء" (1072) عن محمد بن الفضل بن جابر السَّقَطي كلاهما عن فُضيل بن عبد الوهاب، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ibn al-Sunni narrated it in "'Amal al-Yawm wa al-Laylah" (668) by way of Hafs bin Rashid, from Ja'far bin Sulayman al-Duba'i, in abridged form (only the portion about not wishing to meet the enemy and the supplication at the encounter). He said "the day of Hunayn" instead of "the day of Khaybar", which is an "error" (wahm).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The mention of the martyrdom of Mahmud bin Maslamah at Khaybar is supported by the hadith of Buraydah al-Aslami, found in al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il" (4/ 210), Ibn al-Maghazili's "Manaqib 'Ali" (224), Ibn 'Asakir's "Tarikh Dimashq" (41/ 463-464) and Ibn al-Athir's "Usd al-Ghabah" (4/ 342), with a "strong chain".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The mention of the martyrdom of Mahmud bin Maslamah at Khaybar is supported by the hadith of Buraydah al-Aslami, found in al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il" (4/ 210), Ibn al-Maghazili's "Manaqib 'Ali" (224), Ibn 'Asakir's "Tarikh Dimashq" (41/ 463-464) and Ibn al-Athir's "Usd al-Ghabah" (4/ 342), with a "strong chain".
وأخرجه ابن السني في "عمل اليوم والليلة" (668) من طريق حفص بن راشد، عن جعفر بن سليمان الضُّبَعي، به. مختصرًا بقطعة عدم تمني لقاء العدو، والدعاء عند اللقاء. وقال: يوم حنين، بدل: يوم خيبر، وهو وهم. ويشهد لذكر استشهاد محمود بن مسلمة في خيبر حديثُ بريدةَ الأسلمي عند البيهقيّ في "الدلائل" 4/ 210، وابن المغازلي في "مناقب علي" (224)، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 41/ 463 - 464، وابن الأثير في "أسد الغابة" 4/ 342، بسند قوي.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: His (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Do not wish to meet the enemy, and ask Allah for well-being" is supported by the hadith of 'Abd Allah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him), found in Ahmad (31/ 19114), al-Bukhari (2966) and Muslim (1742), and it has already appeared with the author at no. (2444).
ويشهد لقوله ﷺ: "لا تَمنَّوا لقاء العدو وسلوا الله العافية" حديث عبد الله بن أبي أوفى عند أحمد 31 (19114)، والبخاري (2966)، ومسلم (1742)، وتقدَّم عند المصنف برقم (2444).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is also supported by the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), found in Ahmad (15/ 9196), al-Bukhari (as mu'allaq, 3026) and Muslim (1741).
وحديث أبي هريرة عند أحمد 15/ (9196)، والبخاري تعليقًا (3026)، ومسلم (1741).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The supplication mentioned for the encounter with the enemy is supported by the "mursal" narration of Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Hubuli, found in Sa'id bin Mansur (2521) and al-Bayhaqi's "al-Da'awat al-Kabir" (478); its narrators are thiqah.
ويشهد للدعاء المذكور عند لقاء العدو، مرسلُ أبي عبد الرحمن الحُبُلي عند سعيد بن منصور (2521)، والبيهقي في "الدعوات الكبير" (478)، ورجاله ثقات.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The "mursal" narration of Salim Abu al-Nadr, found in 'Abd al-Razzaq (9514), al-Tabarani's "al-Du'a'" (1069), and al-Bayhaqi's "al-Da'awat" (474) and "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (9/ 152), (is a shahid for this hadith), and its narrators are also "thiqah".
ومرسَلُ سالم أبي النضر عند عبد الرزاق (9514)، والطبراني في "الدعاء" (1069) والبيهقي في "الدعوات" (474)، وفي "السنن الكبرى" 9/ 152، ورجاله ثقات أيضًا.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And also the "mursal" narration of Yahya bin Abi Kathir, found in 'Abd al-Razzaq (9513) and Sa'id bin Mansur (2519); its narrators are likewise thiqah.
ومرسل يحيى بن أبي كثير عند عبد الرزاق (9513)، وسعيد بن منصور (2519)، ورجاله ثقات كذلك.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The story of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) giving the banner to 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and the victory being completed at his hands is supported by several hadiths, which we have mentioned under the coming hadith no. (4702).
ويشهد لقصة إعطائه ﷺ الراية لعليّ وتمام الفتح على يديه أحاديث عدّة ذكرناها عند الحديث الآتي برقم (4702).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The statement of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the end of the hadith, and the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) reply to him, are supported by the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), found in Ahmad (14/ 8990) and Muslim (2405), and its chain is "sahih".
ويشهد لقول عليّ بن أبي طالب للنبي ﷺ آخرَ الحديث وجواب النبي ﷺ له حديثُ أبي هريرة عند أحمد 14 / (8990)، ومسلم (2405)، وإسناده صحيح.
Technical note / Identifying an unnamed person: The man left "unnamed" at the beginning of the hadith, whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) first sent to conquer Khaybar, is either Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) or 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent both of them before 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to conquer Khaybar, as indicated by the hadith of Buraydah al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him), which has already appeared at no. (4387).
وهذا الرجل الذي أُبهم ذكرُه أولَ الحديث أن النبي ﷺ بعثَه أولًا لفتح خيبر إما أن يكون أبا بكر أو عمر، فكلاهما بعثه رسول الله ﷺ قبل عليٍّ لفتح خيبر كما يدلُّ عليه حديث بريدة الأسلمي المتقدّم برقم (4387).
