المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
قصة إسلام أبى العاص ورد زينب إليه بنكاحها الأول
The story of Abu al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) accepting Islam and Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) being returned to him on her first marriage
Hadith Number: 5108
حدثنا ابو عبد الله الاصبهاني، حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله بن رسته، حدثنا سليمان بن داود الشاذكوني، حدثني محمد بن عمر قال: وابو العاص بن الربيع بن عبد العزى بن عبد شمس بن عبد مناف بن قصي، واسم ابي العاص مقسم، وامه هالة بنت خويلد بن اسد بن عبد العزى بن قصي، وخالته خديجة بنت خويلد زوج النبي ﷺ، وكان رسول الله ﷺ زوجه ابنته زينب قبل الإسلام، فولدت له عليا وامامة، فتوفي علي وهو صغير، وبقيت امامة إلى ان تزوجها علي بن ابي طالب بعد وفاة فاطمة ﵂. وكان ابو العاص فيمن شهد بدرا مع المشركين، فاسره عبد الله بن جبير بن النعمان الانصاري ﵄، فلما بعث اهل مكة في فداء اساراهم قدم في فداء ابي العاص اخوه عمرو بن الربيع (2). قد ذكرت فيما تقدم ما وقع بينه وبين زينب بنت رسول الله ﷺ إلى ان استشهدت زينب، فاسمع الآن حسن عاقبة ابي العاص، وحسن إسلامه، وانتقاله إلى المدينة حتى توفي بحضرة رسول الله ﷺ:
Muhammad bin Umar relates concerning Abu al-As bin al-Rabi' bin Abd al-Uzza bin Abd Shams bin Abd Manaf bin Qusayy: his name was Miqsam; his mother was Halah bint Khuwaylid bin Asad bin Abd al-Uzza bin Qusayy; and his maternal aunt was Sayyidah Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had married his daughter Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) to him before Islam, and to them were born Ali and Umamah. Ali died in childhood, while Umamah lived on until Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) married her after the passing of Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). Abu al-As was among those who took part in the Battle of Badr on the side of the polytheists, and he was taken captive by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Jubayr bin al-Nu'man al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). Then, when the people of Makkah sent wealth to ransom their captives, his brother Amr bin al-Rabi' came to ransom Abu al-As. I have mentioned in the earlier chapters the events that took place between him and Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), until Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) passed away. Now hear the account of the good end of Abu al-As, his good Islam and his emigration to Madinah, until his death took place in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
تخریج الحدیث: [ترقيم الرساله 5108] [ترقيم الشركة 5070]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5108 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd said something similar in his "al-Tabaqat al-Kubra" (8/5-6), but he narrated the second part of this report (which covers Abu al-'As's taking part in the Battle of Badr with the polytheists, his capture and his release on ransom) with a chain from his teacher Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi, from al-Mundhir bin Sa'd (the freed slave of Banu Asad bin Abd al-'Uzza), from 'Isa bin Ma'mar, from 'Abbad bin Abd Allah bin al-Zubayr, from 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her).
(2) وقال مثل ذلك ابن سعد في "طبقاته الكبرى" 8/ 5 - 6، لكنه أسند الشطر الثاني من هذا الخبر في شهود أبي العاص بدرًا مع المشركين وأسره وفدائه عن شيخه محمد بن عمر الواقدي، عن المنذر بن سعد مولى بني أسد بن عبد العُزّى، عن عيسى بن معمر، عن عبّاد بن عبد الله بن الزبير، عن عائشة.
Technical note: The rest of the report Ibn Sa'd mentioned as his own statement, and most likely he took it from his teacher Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi. There is a fine short work (juz') by Abd al-Ghani bin Abd al-Wahid al-Maqdisi on the reports about Abu al-'As bin al-Rabi' and his marriage to Zaynab, which should be consulted.
وسائر الخبر ذكره ابن سعد من قوله هو، والغالب أنه أخذه عن شيخه محمد بن عمر الواقدي. وفي أخبار أبي العاص بن الربيع وزواجه بزينب جزءٌ لطيف لعبد الغني بن عبد الواحد المقدسي، فليُرجع إليه.
Details of the narration: And later, at number (7010), a narration will come by way of al-Waqidi with his chain from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) gave birth to 'Ali and Umamah.
وسيأتي برقم (7010) من طريق الواقدي بإسناده إلى ابن عباس أنَّ زينب ولدت عليًا وأمامة.
Reference / Source: 'Ali, the son of Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), was also mentioned by al-Zubayr bin Bakkar (see: al-Tabarani's "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" 22/1046), by Ibn Mandah (see: Ibn 'Asakir's "Tarikh Dimashq" 43/8), and by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (5/2968).
Examination of the name: There is disagreement about Abu al-'As's name; it will come at number (6838) that his name is "Muhashshim" (from hashm), and it has also been said to be "al-Qasim". Al-Zubayr bin Bakkar said (in al-Tabarani's "al-Kabir" 19/451) that this is the best-established view about his name, and al-Zubayr also reported that his name has been given as "Laqit". Al-Baladhuri said in "Ansab al-Ashraf" (1/397): "What is established is that his name is Laqit." Yahya bin Ma'in and 'Amr al-Fallas affirmed this with certainty (see: "Tarikh Dimashq" 67/5), and Ibn Abi 'Asim in "al-Ahad wa al-Mathani", Ibn Hibban in "Mashahir 'Ulama' al-Amsar" and Ibn 'Abd al-Barr in "al-Isti'ab" likewise affirmed this name (Laqit) with certainty.
Examination of the name: There is disagreement about Abu al-'As's name; it will come at number (6838) that his name is "Muhashshim" (from hashm), and it has also been said to be "al-Qasim". Al-Zubayr bin Bakkar said (in al-Tabarani's "al-Kabir" 19/451) that this is the best-established view about his name, and al-Zubayr also reported that his name has been given as "Laqit". Al-Baladhuri said in "Ansab al-Ashraf" (1/397): "What is established is that his name is Laqit." Yahya bin Ma'in and 'Amr al-Fallas affirmed this with certainty (see: "Tarikh Dimashq" 67/5), and Ibn Abi 'Asim in "al-Ahad wa al-Mathani", Ibn Hibban in "Mashahir 'Ulama' al-Amsar" and Ibn 'Abd al-Barr in "al-Isti'ab" likewise affirmed this name (Laqit) with certainty.
وممَّن ذكر عليًا ابن زينب أيضًا الزبير بن بكار كما في "المعجم الكبير" للطبراني 22/ (1046)، وابن منده كما في "تاريخ دمشق" لابن عساكر 43/ 8، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" 5/ 2968. وقد اختُلف في اسم أبي العاص، فسيأتي برقم (6838) أنَّ اسمه مهشم - من الهشم - وقيل: القاسم، وقال الزبير بن بكار فيما أسنده عنه الطبراني في "الكبير" 19/ (451): هو الثبت في اسمه، ونقل الزبير أنه قيل في اسمه: لقيط. وقال البَلاذُري في "أنساب الأشراف" 1/ 397: الثبت أن اسمه لقيط. وبه جزم ابن معين وعمرو الفَلّاس كما في "تاريخ دمشق" 67/ 5، وجزم به كذلك ابن أبي عاصم في "الآحاد والمثاني" وابن حبان في "مشاهير علماء الأمصار" وابن عبد البر في "الاستيعاب".
