المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
كراهة التغني عند النساء
The dislike of singing in the presence of women
Hadith Number: 5355
اخبرني ابو نعيم (2) محمد بن عيسى العطار بمرو، حدثنا عبدان بن محمد الحافظ، حدثنا إسحاق بن منصور، حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن مغراء، حدثنا محمد بن إسحاق، عن عبد الله بن انس، قال: سمعت انس بن مالك يقول: كان البراء بن مالك رجلا حسن الصوت، فكان يرجز لرسول الله ﷺ في بعض اسفاره، فبينما هو يرجز إذ قارب النساء، فقال له رسول الله ﷺ:"إياك والقوارير" قال: فامسك. قال محمد: كره رسول الله ﷺ ان تسمع النساء صوته (3).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5273 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5273 - صحيح
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that al-Bara' bin Malik had a beautiful voice. On one of the journeys of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) he was chanting rajaz (verses) for him (peace and blessings be upon him). Meanwhile, when he came near the women (and their mounts), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Be careful regarding the women (that is, take care of these beings as delicate as glass vessels)." So he fell silent. Muhammad bin Ishaq said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked this because the women would hear his voice.
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف، محمد بن إسحاق مدّلس وقد عنعنه عند جميع من خرَّج هذا الخبر، وعبد الرحمن بن مَغْراء صدوق وعنده غرائب ومناكير، وقد خولف في هذا الإسناد فرواه الله عَبْدة بن سُليمان الثقة الحافظ عن محمد بن إسحاق عن عبد بن المثنى بن عبد الله بن أنس بن مالك، عن ...» [ترقيم الرساله 5355] [ترقيم الشركة 5310] [ترقيم العلميه 5273]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5355 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: (2) In manuscripts (Z) and (B) it is "Abu Mu'in" (and in (Z) it is marked with a sign of doubt). What has been adopted in the text is from (S), (M) and Ibn Hajar's "Ithaf al-Maharah" (1387). This shaykh has already been mentioned at number (5105) with another kunyah, "Abu Bakr".
(2) في (ز) و (ب): أبو معين، وضبَّب عليها في (ز)، والمثبت من (ص) و (م) ومن "إتحاف المهرة" لابن حجر (1387)، وقد تقدَّم ذكر هذا الشيخ برقم (5105) بكنية أخرى، وهي أبو بكر.
Grading: (3) Its chain is "da'if" (weak).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Muhammad bin Ishaq is a "mudallis" and he narrated it with "'an" ('an'anah, without stating that he heard it) with all those who recorded this report. Abd al-Rahman bin Maghra' is "saduq" (truthful), but he has strange (ghara'ib) and munkar narrations. He was contradicted in this chain: Abdah bin Sulayman (thiqah, hafiz) narrated it from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Abdullah bin al-Muthanna bin Abdullah bin Anas bin Malik, from his uncle Thumamah bin Abdullah bin Anas, from his grandfather Anas bin Malik. This Abdullah bin al-Muthanna is also not strong; he too has mistakes and munkar narrations.
Important point: The well-known wording in the narration of this hadith from Anas bin Malik differs from this one, as will come.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Muhammad bin Ishaq is a "mudallis" and he narrated it with "'an" ('an'anah, without stating that he heard it) with all those who recorded this report. Abd al-Rahman bin Maghra' is "saduq" (truthful), but he has strange (ghara'ib) and munkar narrations. He was contradicted in this chain: Abdah bin Sulayman (thiqah, hafiz) narrated it from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Abdullah bin al-Muthanna bin Abdullah bin Anas bin Malik, from his uncle Thumamah bin Abdullah bin Anas, from his grandfather Anas bin Malik. This Abdullah bin al-Muthanna is also not strong; he too has mistakes and munkar narrations.
Important point: The well-known wording in the narration of this hadith from Anas bin Malik differs from this one, as will come.
(3) إسناده ضعيف، محمد بن إسحاق مدّلس وقد عنعنه عند جميع من خرَّج هذا الخبر، وعبد الرحمن بن مَغْراء صدوق وعنده غرائب ومناكير، وقد خولف في هذا الإسناد فرواه الله عَبْدة بن سُليمان الثقة الحافظ عن محمد بن إسحاق عن عبد بن المثنى بن عبد الله بن أنس بن مالك، عن عمه ثُمامة بن عبد الله بن أنس عن جده أنس بن مالك وعبد الله بن المثنّى هذا ليس بذاك، وعنده أخطاء ومناكير أيضًا، والمعروف في رواية هذا الحديث عن أنس بن مالك غير هذا السياق كما سيأتي.
Reference / Source: This narration of Muhammad bin Ishaq was recorded by Abu Nu'aym in "Hilyat al-Awliya'" (1/ 350) and al-Bayhaqi in "Shu'ab al-Iman" (4762) through the route of Abdah bin Sulayman, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Abdullah bin al-Muthanna, from Thumamah bin Abdullah bin Anas, from his grandfather Anas.
وأخرج رواية محمد بن إسحاق هذه: أبو نُعيم في "حلية الأولياء" 1/ 350، والبيهقي في "شعب الإيمان" (4762) من طريق عَبْدة بن سُليمان، عن محمد بن إسحاق، عن عبد الله بن المثنى، عن ثمامة بن عبد الله بن أنس، عن جده أنس.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (21/ 13670) and others recorded through the route of Hammad bin Salamah, from Thabit bin Aslam al-Bunani, from Anas bin Malik: "Al-Bara' bin Malik used to sing the camel-driving chant (huda') for the men, and Anjashah for the women, and he had a beautiful voice. When he chanted, the camels began to run fast, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O Anjashah, go gently in driving the glass vessels (the women).'"
Grading: Its chain is "sahih", and this is what is "mahfuz" (preserved) in the hadith of Anas.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The person whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded to be gentle with the qawarir (the women) was "Anjashah". He commanded him so because the camels were carrying the women's litters (hawdaj); when the camels became excited by Anjashah's voice they began to run fast, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) feared that the women might fall off their backs. This narration makes the real reason ('illah) for the command clear, and not what Muhammad bin Ishaq understood, namely that he (peace and blessings be upon him) feared the women would hear his voice.
Grading: Its chain is "sahih", and this is what is "mahfuz" (preserved) in the hadith of Anas.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The person whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded to be gentle with the qawarir (the women) was "Anjashah". He commanded him so because the camels were carrying the women's litters (hawdaj); when the camels became excited by Anjashah's voice they began to run fast, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) feared that the women might fall off their backs. This narration makes the real reason ('illah) for the command clear, and not what Muhammad bin Ishaq understood, namely that he (peace and blessings be upon him) feared the women would hear his voice.
وأخرج أحمد 21 / (13670) وغيره من طريق حماد بن سلمة، عن ثابت بن أسلم البُناني، عن أنس بن مالك: أنَّ البراء بن مالك كان يحدُو بالرجال، وأنجشة يحدُو بالنساء، وكان حَسَنَ الصوت، فحَدَا فأعنَقَتِ الإبِلُ، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "يا أنجشة رويدًا سَوْقَكَ القَواريرَ"، وإسناده صحيح، فهذا هو المحفوظ في حديث أنس، أنَّ الذي أمره رسول الله ﷺ بأن يرفق بالقوارير - أي النساء - إنما هو أنجشة، وإنما أمره بذلك لأنَّ الإبل كانت تحمل هوادج النساء، فلما طَربت الإبلُ بصوت أنجشة أعنَقَتْ، أي: أسرعت وعَجِلت بالسير فخشي ﷺ على النساء حينئذ أن يسقُطن من على ظُهورها بسبب ذلك، وظهر بهذه الرواية علةُ أمره ﷺ بالرفق بالقوارير، لا كما فهمه محمد بن إسحاق من أنه ﷺ خشي أن يسمع النساء صوتَه.
Reference / Source: This "mahfuz" narration is also in the "Sahihayn" (al-Bukhari and Muslim) and other books, but al-Bara' bin Malik is not mentioned in them.
وهذه الرواية المحفوظة هي في "الصحيحين" أيضًا وغيرهما، لكن لم يقع فيهما ذكر البراء بن مالك.