المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
شهادة رباعيته صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فى غزوة أحد
The breaking of the tooth of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at the Battle of Uhud
Hadith Number: 5391
اخبرني ابو نصر محمد بن احمد بن عمر الخفاف، حدثنا محمد بن المنذر بن سعيد الهروي، حدثنا ابو الزبير علي بن الحسن بن علي بن مسلم المكي، قال: حدثني هارون بن يحيى بن هارون بن عبد الرحمن بن حاطب بن ابي بلتعة المدني، قال: حدثني ابو ربيعة الحراني، عن عبد الحميد بن ابي انس، عن صفوان بن سليم، عن انس بن مالك، انه سمع حاطب بن ابي بلتعة، يقول: إنه طلع على النبي ﷺ باحد وهو يشتد، وفي يد علي بن ابي طالب الترس فيه ماء، ورسول الله ﷺ يغسل وجهه من ذلك الماء، فقال له حاطب: من فعل بك هذا؟ قال:"عتبة بن ابي وقاص، هشم وجهي، ودق رباعيتي بحجر رماني" قلت: إني سمعت صائحا يصيح على الجبل: قتل محمد، فاتيت إليك، وكان قد ذهبت روحي، قلت: اين توجه عتبة؟ فاشار إلى حيث توجه، فمضيت حتى ظفرت به، فضربته بالسيف فطرحت راسه، فهبطت فاخذت راسه وسلبه وفرسه، وجئت به إلى النبي ﷺ، فسلم ذلك إلي ودعا لي، فقال:"رضي الله عنك، رضي الله عنك" (1).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5307 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 5307 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard Sayyiduna Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah (may Allah be pleased with him) say that on the day of Uhud he reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at a time when he (peace and blessings be upon him) was in severe pain (from his wounds). At that time Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) had a shield in his hand containing water, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was washing his blessed face with that water. Sayyiduna Hatib (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Who did this to you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Utbah bin Abi Waqqas; he struck me with a stone, which wounded my face and broke my front tooth." Hatib said: I said: I heard a caller on the mountain crying out that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) had been martyred, so I ran (restlessly) towards you, and (out of fear) it felt as if my soul had left me. Then I asked: Which way did Utbah go? He (peace and blessings be upon him) pointed in the direction he had gone. So I went after him until I caught him, and I struck off his head with a blow of the sword. Then I came down and took his head, his belongings and his horse, and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) gave all of it to me and supplicated for me, saying: "Radiya Allahu anka, radiya Allahu anka (May Allah be pleased with you, may Allah be pleased with you)."
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده مُظلم كما قال الذهبي في "سير أعلام النبلاء" 2/ 44، وذلك لجهالة مَن بين محمد بن المنذر الهروي وصفوان بن سُليم، وقال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259: إسنادٌ فيه مجاهيل.» [ترقيم الرساله 5391] [ترقيم الشركة 5345] [ترقيم العلميه 5307]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5391 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) Its chain is "muzlim" (dark, i.e. severely weak), as al-Dhahabi said in "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'" (2/ 44).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is that the narrators between Muhammad bin al-Mundhir al-Harawi and Safwan bin Sulaym are "majhul" (unknown). Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259): "A chain in which there are unknown narrators."
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is that the narrators between Muhammad bin al-Mundhir al-Harawi and Safwan bin Sulaym are "majhul" (unknown). Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259): "A chain in which there are unknown narrators."
(1) إسناده مُظلم كما قال الذهبي في "سير أعلام النبلاء" 2/ 44، وذلك لجهالة مَن بين محمد بن المنذر الهروي وصفوان بن سُليم، وقال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259: إسنادٌ فيه مجاهيل.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (6/ 308) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim with this same chain.
وأخرجه البيهقي في "سننه الكبرى" 6/ 308 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Important point: It is established that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas was the one who broke the front tooth (ruba'iyah) of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud.
Reference / Source: As Abd al-Razzaq recorded in his "al-Musannaf" (9649) and his "Tafsir" (1/ 131) from the mursal narrations of Miqsam, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, and of al-Zuhri: Utbah bin Abi Waqqas broke the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud and made his face bleed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) invoked against him and said: "O Allah, let the year not pass before he dies a disbeliever." And the year had not passed over him before he died a disbeliever, bound for the Fire.
Reference / Source: As Abd al-Razzaq recorded in his "al-Musannaf" (9649) and his "Tafsir" (1/ 131) from the mursal narrations of Miqsam, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, and of al-Zuhri: Utbah bin Abi Waqqas broke the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud and made his face bleed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) invoked against him and said: "O Allah, let the year not pass before he dies a disbeliever." And the year had not passed over him before he died a disbeliever, bound for the Fire.
وقد ثبت أنَّ عُتبة بن أبي وقاص هو مَن كَسَر رَباعِيَة رسول الله ﷺ يوم أُحُد، كما أخرجه عبد الرزاق في "مصنفه" (9649)، وفي "تفسيره" 1/ 131 من مرسل مِقسَم مولى ابن عباس ومرسل الزهري: أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص كسر رباعية النبي ﷺ يوم أُحُد، ودمَّى وجهه، فدعا عليه النبي ﷺ، فقال: "اللهم لا يَحُلِ الحَولُ حتى يموت كافرًا"، فما حال عليه الحولُ حتى مات كافرًا إلى النار.
Reference / Source: A similar narration was recorded by Abd al-Razzaq (as cited in al-Isabah 5/ 259) and by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (5366) from Sa'id bin al-Musayyab as "mursal".
وأخرج نحوه عبدُ الرزاق كما في "الإصابة" لابن حجر 5/ 259، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (5366) من مرسل سعيد بن المسيب.
Reference / Source: Abd al-Razzaq recorded it in his "Tafsir" (1/ 131), as did Ibn Sa'd, Ibn al-Mundhir in his "Tafsir" (908) and al-Tabari in his "Tafsir" (4/ 88), also in similar form from the mursal narration of Qatadah.
وأخرجه عبد الرزاق في "تفسيره" 1/ 131، وابن سعد، وابن المنذر في "تفسيره" (908)، والطبري في "تفسيره" 4/ 88 من مرسل قتادة نحوه أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn Hisham mentioned it in "al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah" (2/ 80) from Rubayh bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Sa'id al-Khudri, from his father, from his grandfather, but Ibn Hisham did not give his chain up to Rubayh.
وذكره ابن هشام في "السيرة النبوية" 2/ 80 عن رُبَيح بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي سعيد الخدري، عن أبيه، عن جده. ولم يُسنده ابن هشام إلى رُبيح.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi narrated in "al-Dala'il" (3/ 206) the statement of Musa bin Uqbah: "They claim that the one who shot at him (peace and blessings be upon him) was Utbah bin Abi Waqqas." And Ibn Ishaq (as cited in Sirat Ibn Hisham 2/ 86) narrated from Salih bin Kaysan, from someone who narrated to him, from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, that he used to say: "By Allah, I was never as eager to kill any man as I was eager to kill Utbah bin Abi Waqqas … and the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about him sufficed me: 'The wrath of Allah is severe upon the one who made the face of His Messenger bleed.'"
وروى البيهقي في "الدلائل" 3/ 206 عن موسى بن عقبة قوله: يزعمون أنَّ الذي رماه عتبةُ بن أبي وقاص. وروى ابن إسحاق كما في "سيرة ابن هشام" 2/ 86 عن صالح بن كيسان، عمَّن حدثه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص أنه كان يقول: والله ما حَرَصتُ على قتل رجل قطُّ كحرصي على قتل عتبة بن أبي وقاص … ولقد كفاني منه قولُ رسول الله ﷺ: "اشتد غضبُ الله على مَن دمَّى وجه رسولِه".
Grading: This chain would be "hasan" were it not that the narrator from Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is "mubham" (unnamed).
وهذا سند حسنٌ لولا إبهام راويه عن سعد بن أبي وقاص.
Reference / Source: Al-Waqidi narrated it in "al-Maghazi" (1/ 224) from his shaykhs.
ورواه الواقديُّ في "المغازي" 1/ 224 عن شيوخه.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): As for Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah killing Utbah bin Abi Waqqas, it is "not authentic", as Ibn Hajar said in "al-Isabah" (5/ 259). The evidence is that "Sahih al-Bukhari" (2053) and "Sahih Muslim" (1457) state that Utbah bin Abi Waqqas charged his brother Sa'd: "The son of Zam'ah's slave-girl is mine, so take him …" Ibn Hajar said: "If Utbah had been killed at that time (at Uhud), how could he have given instructions to Sa'd …"
وأما قَتْل حاطبِ بن أبي بَلْتَعة لعتبة بن أبي وقاص، فلا يصحُّ كما قال ابن حجر في "الإصابة" 5/ 259، لما ورد في "صحيح البخاري" (2053)، و "صحيح مسلم" (1457) أنَّ عتبة بن أبي وقاص عَهِد إلى أخيه سعد أنَّ ابن وليدة زمعة منّي فاقبِضه … الحديث، قال ابن حجر: لو قُتل عتبة إذ ذاك فكيف كان يوصي سعدًا …
