It is narrated from Muhammad bin Umar (al-Waqidi) that Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away in Madinah in the year 46 AH. He was seventy-seven years old at that time, and he was tall (of stature) and bald-headed.

It is narrated from Muhammad bin Umar (al-Waqidi) that the kunyah of Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) was "Abu Abd al-Rahman". He accepted Islam in Madinah at the hands of Sayyiduna Mus'ab bin Umayr (may Allah be pleased with him), even before Sayyiduna Usayd bin Hudayr and Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) established brotherhood (mu'akhat) between him and Sayyiduna Abu Ubaydah bin al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He took part in the Battles of Badr and Uhud, and on the day of Uhud he was among those who stood firm with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) even though the people turned back. He took part in the Battle of the Trench (Khandaq) and in all the battles with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) except the Battle of Tabuk, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed him as his deputy in Madinah when he set out for Tabuk. He was also among those who killed Ka'b bin al-Ashraf.