المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذكر من لقي سلمان الفارسي قبل الإسلام من الراهبين ، وذكر عتق سلمان الفارسي
The monks whom Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) met before Islam, and his emancipation
Hadith Number: 6689
حدثنا علي بن حمشاذ العدل ومحمد بن احمد بن بالويه الجلاب، قالا: حدثنا ابو بكر محمد بن شاذان الجوهري، حدثنا سعيد بن سليمان الواسطي، حدثنا عبد الله بن عبد القدوس، عن عبيد المكتب، حدثني ابو الطفيل، حدثني سلمان الفارسي قال: كنت رجلا من اهل جي، وكان اهل قريتي يعبدون الخيل البلق، فكنت اعرف انهم ليسوا على شيء، فقيل لي: إن الدين الذي تطلب إنما هو بالمغرب، فخرجت حتى اتيت الموصل، فسالت عن افضل من فيها، فدللت على رجل في صومعة، فاتيته، فقلت له: إني رجل من اهل جي، وإني جئت اطلب العمل، واتعلم العلم، فضمني إليك اخدمك واصحبك وتعلمني شيئا مما علمك الله، قال: نعم، فصحبته، فاجرى علي مثل ما كان يجرى عليه، وكان يجرى عليه الخل والزيت والحبوب، فلم ازل معه حتى نزل به الموت فجلست عند راسه ابكيه، فقال: ما يبكيك؟ فقلت: ابكي اني خرجت من بلادي اطلب الخير، فرزقني الله فصحبتك، فعلمتني واحسنت صحبتي، فنزل بك الموت، فلا ادري اين اذهب، فقال: لي اخ بالجزيرة مكان كذا وكذا، وهو على الحق، فاته فاقرته مني السلام، واخبره اني اوصيت إليه واوصيتك بصحبته. فلما ان قبض الرجل، خرجت حتى اتيت الرجل الذي وصفه لي فاخبرته الخبر، واقراته السلام من صاحبه، واخبرته انه هلك، وامرني بصحبته، فضمني إليه واجرى علي كما كان يجرى علي مع الآخر، فصحبته ما شاء الله، ثم نزل به الموت، فلما نزل به الموت جلست عند راسه ابكي، فقال لي: ما يبكيك؟ قلت: خرجت من بلادي اطلب الخير، فرزقني الله صحبة فلان فاحسن صحبتي وعلمني واوصاني عند موته بك، وقد نزل بك الموت، فلا ادري اين اتوجه، فقال: تاتي اخا لي على درب الروم فهو على الحق، فاته واقرئه مني السلام، واصحبه فإنه على الحق. فلما قبض الرجل، خرجت حتى اتيته فاخبرته بخبري وتوصية الآخر قبله، قال: فضمني إليه واجرى علي كما كان يجرى علي، فلما نزل به الموت جلست ابكي عند راسه، فقال لي: ما يبكيك؟ فقصصت قصتي، قلت له: إن الله تعالى رزقني صحبتك فاحسنت صحبتي، وقد نزل بك الموت، ولا ادري اين اتوجه، فقال: لا اين، وما بقي احد اعلمه على دين عيسى ابن مريم ﵇ في الارض، ولكن هذا اوان يخرج فيه نبي او قد خرج بتهامة، وانت على الطريق لا يمر بك احد إلا سالته عنه، فإذا بلغك انه خرج، فإنه النبي الذي بشر به عيسى صلوات الله عليهما، وآية ذلك ان بين كتفيه خاتم النبوة، وانه ياكل الهدية ولا ياكل الصدقة. قال: فكان لا يمر بي احد (1) إلا سالته عنه، فمر بي ناس من اهل مكة، فسالتهم، فقالوا: نعم، ظهر فينا رجل يزعم انه نبي، فقلت لبعضهم: هل لكم ان اكون عبدا لبعضكم على ان تحملوني عقبة وتطعموني من الكسر، فإذا بلغتم بلادكم فإن شاء ان يبيع باع، وإن شاء ان يستعبد استعبد، فقال رجل منهم: انا، فصرت عبدا له حتى اتى بي مكة، فجعلني في بستان له مع حبشان كانوا فيه، فخرجت فسالت فلقيت امراة من اهل بلادي فسالتها، فإذا اهل بيتها قد اسلموا، قالت لي: إن النبي ﷺ يجلس في الحجر هو واصحابه إذا صاح عصفور بمكة حتى إذا اضاء لهم الفجر تفرقوا، فانطلقت إلى البستان فكنت اختلف، فقال لي الحبشان: ما لك، فقلت: اشتكي بطني، وإنما صنعت ذلك لئلا يفقدوني إذا ذهبت إلى النبي ﷺ، فلما كانت الساعة التي اخبرتني المراة انه (2) يجلس فيها هو واصحابه، خرجت امشي حتى رايت النبي ﷺ، فإذا هو محتبي (3)، وإذا اصحابه حوله، فاتيته من ورائه فعرف النبي ﷺ الذي اريد، فارسل حبوته، فنظرت إلى خاتم النبوة بين كتفيه، فقلت: الله اكبر، هذه واحدة، ثم انصرفت، فلما ان كانت الليلة المقبلة لقطت تمرا جيدا، ثم انطلقت حتى اتيت النبي ﷺ فوضعته بين يديه، فقال:"ما هذا؟" (4) فقلت: هدية، فاكل، وقال للقوم:"كلوا"، قلت: اشهد ان لا إله إلا الله وانك رسول الله، فسالني عن امري فاخبرته، فقال:"اذهب فاشتر نفسك". فانطلقت إلى صاحبي، فقلت: بعني نفسي، فقال: نعم، على ان تنبت لي مئة نخلة، فإذا نبتن جئتني بوزن نواة من ذهب، فاتيت رسول الله ﷺ فاخبرته، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"اشتر نفسك بالذي سالك، واتني بدلو من ماء البئر الذي كنت تسقي منها ذلك النخل" فدعا لي رسول الله ﷺ فيها، ثم سقيتها، فوالله لقد غرست مئة نخلة فما غادرت منها نخلة إلا نبتت، فاتيت رسول الله، فاخبرته ان النخل قد نبتن، فاعطاني قطعة من ذهب، فانطلقت بها فوضعتها في كفة الميزان، ووضع في الجانب الآخر نواة، قال: فوالله ما استقلت القطعة الذهب من الارض، قال: وجئت إلى رسول الله ﷺ، فاخبرته فاعتقني (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، والمعاني قريبة من الإسناد الاول.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 6544 - عبد القدوس ساقط
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، والمعاني قريبة من الإسناد الاول.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 6544 - عبد القدوس ساقط
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I was a man from among the inhabitants of the town of "Jayy" (Isfahan). The people of my town worshipped piebald horses, and I knew that they were not upon any true way. I was told that the religion I was seeking was towards the west. So I set out from there and reached Mosul. I asked about the most virtuous person there, and I was directed to a monk who lived in a hermitage. I went to him and said: I am from Jayy; I have come here for the purpose of work and learning knowledge. Keep me with you; I will serve you and stay in your company, and you will teach me the knowledge that Allah has taught you. He said: Very well. So I began to live with him. He would give me to eat the same as he ate himself, namely vinegar, olive oil and grain. I remained with him continually until the time of his death drew near. I sat at his head and began to weep. He asked: What makes you weep? I said: I am weeping because I left my land in search of good, and Allah granted me your company; you taught me knowledge and treated me in the best way, and now the time of your death has come and I do not know where to go now. He said: I have a brother in al-Jazirah who is upon the truth. Go to him, convey my salam to him, and tell him that I have enjoined you to keep his company. When that man died, I reached that second man and told him the whole story. He kept me with him and looked after me just as the first monk had done. When the time of his death came, I began to weep again. He directed me to a third man on "Darb al-Rum" who was upon the truth. I reached there and kept his company. When the time of his death drew near, I repeated the same question: Where shall I go now? He said: There is no place left now, and to my knowledge there is no longer anyone on earth who is upon the religion of Isa bin Maryam (peace be upon him). But the time is now near when a prophet will be sent, or has already been sent, whose appearance will be in "Tihamah." You are on the very road by which the caravans pass; keep asking about him from whoever passes by there. When you learn that he has been sent, then he is the prophet whose glad tidings Isa (peace be upon him) gave. His sign is that between his two shoulders there will be the seal of prophethood, and he will accept a gift but will not eat charity. Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Then whoever passed by there, I kept asking him about him, until some people of Makkah passed by. I asked them, and they said: Yes! A man has appeared among us who says that he is a prophet. I said to one of them: Will you take me along as your slave, on the condition that you let me ride on your mount by turns and feed me leftover food, and when you reach your land, then if the owner wishes he will sell me or keep me as a slave? One man among them agreed, and I became his slave, until he brought me to Makkah and set me to work in one of his gardens with some Abyssinian slaves. I went out from there and began asking people, and I met a woman from my own homeland. I asked her and learned that her household had accepted Islam. She told me that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sits with his Companions in the "Hijr" by the Ka'bah when the sparrows chirp in Makkah, and stays there until dawn breaks. I came back to the garden and began going in and out frequently. The Abyssinian slaves asked me: What is the matter with you? I said: I have pain in my stomach. I made this excuse so that they would not miss me when I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When the time came about which that woman had told me, I set off on foot until I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He was sitting at that time in the posture of "hubwah" (sitting with the knees drawn up and wrapped with a cloth), and the Companions were around him. I came from behind him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) understood what I wanted. He (peace and blessings be upon him) loosened his cloak from his waist, and I saw the seal of prophethood between his shoulders. I exclaimed: "Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Greatest)!" This first sign has been fulfilled. Then I went back. The next night I gathered some good dates, came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and placed them before him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is this?" I said: It is a gift. He (peace and blessings be upon him) ate from it and said to his companions: "You eat too." I said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are the Messenger of Allah. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked me about my situation, and I told him the whole story. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go and bargain for your freedom." I went to my master and said: Set me free. He said: Very well, on the condition that you plant a hundred date palms for me, and when they take root you give me gold equal to the weight of a date-stone. I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him everything. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Make the bargain for your freedom on what he has asked, and bring me a bucket of water from the well from which you have been watering those trees." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated for me over that water, then I gave that water to those trees. By Allah! I planted those hundred trees and not one of them was lost; rather, all of them sprouted. Then I told the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that the trees had sprouted, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me a piece of gold. I took it and placed it in one pan of the scales, while in the other pan a date-stone was placed. By Allah! That piece of gold did not rise from the ground at all. I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) had me set free.
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, and its meanings are close to those of the first chain.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف من أجل عبد الله بن عبد القدوس، وبه أعله الذهبي في "التلخيص"، فقال: ابن عبد القدوس ساقط، وقال في "سير أعلام النبلاء": هذا حديث منكر، غير صحيح، وعبد الله ابن عبد القدوس متروك، وقد تابعه في بعض الحديث الثوريُّ وشريكٌ، وأما هو فسمَّنَ الحديثَ فأفسده، وذكر مكة والحجر ...» [ترقيم الرساله 6689] [ترقيم الشركة 6609] [ترقيم العلميه 6544]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 6689 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: No text is available under this number.
No matching content found
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Manuscript (S) has "kana la ara ahadan", but the text has been corrected according to manuscripts (K) and (M).
(1) في (ص): كان لا أرى أحدًا، والمثبت من (ك) و (م).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Manuscripts (M) and (B) have the word "allati" here.
(2) في (م) و (ب): التي.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The word in the text has been established according to manuscript (M), retaining the ya', whereas manuscripts (S) and (B) have "yahtabi".
(3) المثبت من (م) بإثبات الياء، وفي (ص) و (ب): يحتبي.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The printed edition has a long addition here (the account of the charity and the eating), but this addition is not in any of the manuscripts available to us, nor is it in Imam al-Tabarani's narration transmitted through the route of Sa'id bin Sulayman al-Wasiti.
(4) زاد في المطبوع هنا: فقلت: صدقة، فقال للقوم: "كلوا" ولم يأكل، ثم لبثت ما شاء الله، ثم أخذت مثل ذلك ثم أتيته فوضعته بين يديه فقال: "ما هذا؟ ". وهذه الزيادة ليست في شيء من نسخنا الخطية، ولا هي في رواية الطبراني التي يرويها من طريق سعيد بن سليمان الواسطي.
Grading: Its chain is weak because of the weakness of 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd al-Quddus.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam al-Dhahabi declared him "saqit" (discarded) in "al-Talkhis". In "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'" he called it "munkar and not sahih", since 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd al-Quddus is a matruk narrator; although al-Thawri and Sharik corroborated him in part of it, this narrator padded the text with his own additions and spoiled it, such as mentioning Makkah and al-Hijr and that there were orchards there, and he blundered in several places.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam al-Dhahabi declared him "saqit" (discarded) in "al-Talkhis". In "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'" he called it "munkar and not sahih", since 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd al-Quddus is a matruk narrator; although al-Thawri and Sharik corroborated him in part of it, this narrator padded the text with his own additions and spoiled it, such as mentioning Makkah and al-Hijr and that there were orchards there, and he blundered in several places.
(1) إسناده ضعيف من أجل عبد الله بن عبد القدوس، وبه أعله الذهبي في "التلخيص"، فقال: ابن عبد القدوس ساقط، وقال في "سير أعلام النبلاء": هذا حديث منكر، غير صحيح، وعبد الله ابن عبد القدوس متروك، وقد تابعه في بعض الحديث الثوريُّ وشريكٌ، وأما هو فسمَّنَ الحديثَ فأفسده، وذكر مكة والحجر وأنَّ هناك بساتين، وخبط في مواضع.
Reference / Source: Imam al-Tabarani recorded it in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (6073) and "al-Ahadith al-Tiwal" (9) through Ahmad bin al-Qasim bin Musawir al-Jawhari, from Sa'id bin Sulayman al-Wasiti, with this same chain.
وأخرجه الطبراني في "المعجم الكبير" (6073)، وفي "الأحاديث الطوال" (9) عن أحمد بن القاسم ابن مساور الجوهري، عن سعيد بن سليمان الواسطي، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Abu al-Shaykh recorded this narration in "Tabaqat Muhaddithi Asbahan" (12) and Abu Nu'aym in "Tarikh Asbahan" (1/ 50) through the route of Muhammad bin Humayd al-Razi, in long and short forms. Abu Nu'aym also transmitted it in "al-Hilyah" (1/ 190 - 193) through the route of Ahmad bin Hatim; both of them (Muhammad bin Humayd and Ahmad bin Hatim) narrate it from 'Abd Allah bin 'Abd al-Quddus.
وأخرجه مطولًا ومختصرًا أبو الشيخ في "طبقات محدثي أصبهان" (12)، وأبو نعيم في "تاريخ أصبهان" 1/ 50 من طريق محمد بن حميد الرازي، وأبو نعيم في "الحلية" 1/ 190 - 193 من طريق أحمد بن حاتم، كلاهما عن عبد الله بن عبد القدوس، به.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (23704), al-Harith bin Abi Usamah in "Musnad al-Harith - Bughyat al-Bahith" (929), Imam al-Tahawi in "Sharh Ma'ani al-Athar" (2/ 8), Imam al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (6071 and 6072), Abu al-Shaykh in "al-Tabaqat" (11) and Imam al-Bayhaqi in "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (2/ 98) recorded it in brief and in fragments through the route of Sharik bin 'Abd Allah al-Nakha'i.
Details of the narration: Imam Ahmad also recorded it in "al-'Ilal" (2667 and 5579) and Imam al-Tabarani in "al-Kabir" (6074) - and from him Abu Nu'aym in "Tarikh Asbahan" (1/ 50) - through the route of Sufyan bin Sa'id al-Thawri; both of them (Sharik and Sufyan al-Thawri) narrate it from 'Ubayd al-Muktib.
Details of the narration: Imam Ahmad also recorded it in "al-'Ilal" (2667 and 5579) and Imam al-Tabarani in "al-Kabir" (6074) - and from him Abu Nu'aym in "Tarikh Asbahan" (1/ 50) - through the route of Sufyan bin Sa'id al-Thawri; both of them (Sharik and Sufyan al-Thawri) narrate it from 'Ubayd al-Muktib.
وأخرجه مختصرًا ومقطعًا أحمد 39 / (23704)، والحارث بن أبي أسامة في "مسنده" (929 - بغية الباحث)، والطحاوي في "شرح المعاني" 2/ 8، والطبراني في "الكبير" (6071) و (6072)، وأبو الشيخ في "الطبقات" (11)، والبيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 2/ 98 من طريق شريك النخعي، وأخرجه أحمد في "العلل" (2667) و (5579)، والطبراني في "الكبير" (6074) - وعنه أبو نعيم في "تاريخ أصبهان" 1/ 50 - من طريق سفيان الثوري، كلاهما عن عبيد المكتب، به.
Reference / Source: Imam al-Tabarani recorded it in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (6076) - and from him Abu Nu'aym transmitted it in "Tarikh Asbahan" (1/ 50) and "al-Hilyah" (1/ 193 - 195) - through the route of Ibn Lahi'ah, from Yazid bin Abi Habib, from Salm bin al-Salt al-'Abdi, from Abu al-Tufayl, in detail.
Grading: Its chain is weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason for the weakness is that 'Abd Allah bin Lahi'ah had a poor memory (su' al-hifz), and we could not find a biography (tarjamah) of Salm al-'Abdi.
Grading: Its chain is weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason for the weakness is that 'Abd Allah bin Lahi'ah had a poor memory (su' al-hifz), and we could not find a biography (tarjamah) of Salm al-'Abdi.
وأخرجه الطبراني في "الكبير" (6076) -وعنه أبو نعيم في "تاريخ أصبهان" 1/ 50، وفي "الحلية" 1/ 193 - 195 - من طريق ابن لَهِيعة، عن يزيد بن أبي حبيب، عن سلم بن الصلت العبدي، عن أبي الطفيل، به مطولًا. وإسناده ضعيف؛ ابن لَهِيعة في حفظه سوء، وسلم العبدي لم نقف له على ترجمة.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Muhammad bin Ishaq contradicted (the previous chain), as recorded by Imam Ahmad (23738) and al-Bayhaqi in "al-Dala'il" (2/ 98-99); he said: Yazid bin Abi Habib narrated to us from an (unnamed) man of 'Abd al-Qays, from Salman al-Farisi, who said: When I said: O Messenger of Allah, how will this (gold) suffice against the debt that I owe? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took it and turned it over on his blessed tongue, then said: "Take it and pay them their due from it", so I took it and paid them their full due of forty uqiyah.
Grading: Its chain is better than the previous one, but it contains an unnamed (mubham) narrator.
Grading: Its chain is better than the previous one, but it contains an unnamed (mubham) narrator.
وخالفه ابن إسحاق عند أحمد (23738)، والبيهقي في "الدلائل" 2/ 98 - 99، فقال: حدثنا يزيد بن أبي حبيب عن رجل من عبد القيس، عن سلمان، قال: لما قلت: وأين تقع هذه من الذي علي يا رسول الله؟ أخذها رسول الله ﷺ فقلبها على لسانه، ثم قال: "خذها فأوفهم منها" فأخذتها فأوفيتهم منها حقهم كله أربعين أوقية، مختصرًا. وإسناده أحسن من سابقه لكن فيه رجل مبهم.
Important point: See the discussion before it.
وانظر ما قبله.