المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الأضاحي
Book of Sacrifices
إن الجذع يوفي مما يوفي منه الثني .
A jadha suffices for what a thaniyy suffices for
Hadith Number: 7729
اخبرنا الشيخ ابو بكر بن إسحاق، اخبرنا موسى بن إسحاق الانصاري، اخبرنا عبد الله بن ابي شيبة، حدثنا عبد الله بن إدريس، حدثنا عاصم بن كليب، عن ابيه، قال: كنا نؤمر (1) علينا في المغازي اصحاب محمد ﷺ، وكنا بفارس، فغلت علينا يوم النحر المسان، فكنا ناخذ المسنة بالجذعين، فقام فينا رجل من مزينة فقال: كنا مع رسول الله ﷺ فاصابنا مثل هذا اليوم، فكنا ناخذ المسنة بالجذعين والثلاثة، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"إن الجذع يوفي بما يوفي به الثني" (2). رواه الثوري عن عاصم بن كليب، وسمى الصحابي فيه:
Asim bin Kulayb narrates from his father that he said: In the military campaigns we used to appoint the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as our commanders. We were in Persia when, on the Day of Nahr, the musinnah (a two-year-old sheep or goat) became expensive, so we began taking two jadh'ahs (six-month-old young ones) in exchange for one musinnah. Then a man from the tribe of Muzaynah stood up and said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and faced a situation like this, and we used to take two or three jadh'ahs in exchange for one musinnah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the jadh'ah (six-month-old young one) suffices for what the thani (two-year-old animal) suffices for."
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده قوي، عاصم بن كليب» [ترقيم الرساله 7729] [ترقيم الشركة 7637]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 7729 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The manuscripts have the word "nu'ammu" (we used to lead the prayer) here, but the correct word is the one established from "Talkhis al-Dhahabi", which has been retained in the text.
Important point: The original wording in "al-Musannaf" is: "We used to be on military expeditions, and no one was appointed as commander over us except the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)."
Important point: The original wording in "al-Musannaf" is: "We used to be on military expeditions, and no one was appointed as commander over us except the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)."
(1) في النسخ الخطية: نؤم، والمثبت من "تلخيص الذهبي"، والعبارة في "المصنف": كنا في المغازي لا يؤمَّر علينا إلّا أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ.
Grading: Its chain is strong (qawi).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Asim bin Kulayb (bin Shihab) and his father Kulayb are both saduq (truthful), with no harm in them. However, there is disagreement from 'Asim about identifying the Companion of this narration: several narrators called him "al-Muzani", Shu'bah expressed doubt and said "al-Muzani or al-Juhani", while Sufyan al-Thawri explicitly named him "Mujashi' bin Mas'ud al-Sulami".
Important point: These narrations can be reconciled as follows: the commander of the army in that expedition was Mujashi' bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) (a man of many conquests and campaigns), and he ordered this man from Muzaynah or Juhaynah to announce the rulings that were practised among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). In this way all the narrations agree.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Asim bin Kulayb (bin Shihab) and his father Kulayb are both saduq (truthful), with no harm in them. However, there is disagreement from 'Asim about identifying the Companion of this narration: several narrators called him "al-Muzani", Shu'bah expressed doubt and said "al-Muzani or al-Juhani", while Sufyan al-Thawri explicitly named him "Mujashi' bin Mas'ud al-Sulami".
Important point: These narrations can be reconciled as follows: the commander of the army in that expedition was Mujashi' bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) (a man of many conquests and campaigns), and he ordered this man from Muzaynah or Juhaynah to announce the rulings that were practised among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). In this way all the narrations agree.
(2) إسناده قوي، عاصم بن كليب -وهو ابن شهاب- وأبوه صدوقان لا بأس بهما، لكن اختلف على عاصم في تعيين راويه عن النبي ﷺ، فجعله غيرُ واحد مُزنيًا، وشك شعبةُ، فقال: مزني أو جهني، وسماه سفيان الثوري: مجاشع بن مسعود السلمي. ويمكن الجمع بين هذه الروايات -إن لم يكن في إحداها وهمٌ- بأنَّ أمير القوم في تلك الغزاة كان مجاشع بن مسعود، فقد كان صاحبَ فتوح ومَغازٍ، وأنه أمَر هذا الرجل المزني أو الجهني أن ينادي بما كان أصحاب النبي ﷺ معه، وبذلك تتفق الروايات ولا تضادّ، والله تعالى أعلم.
Reference / Source: This hadith is in "Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah" (14/210).
والحديث في "مصنف ابن أبي شيبة" 14/ 210.
Reference / Source: Al-Nasa'i narrated it (4457) via Abu al-Ahwas Sallam bin Sulaym, from 'Asim bin Kulayb, with this same chain, and in it he mentioned the words "a man from Muzaynah".
وأخرجه النسائي (4457) من طريق أبي الأحوص سلام بن سليم، عن عاصم بن كليب بهذا الإسناد. وقال فيه: رجل من مزينة.
General principle: According to al-Azhari, the "jadha'" of goats is one year old and that of sheep eight months old. Ibn al-A'rabi says that "ijdha'" is the name of a stage (condition), not an age; thus a young female goat ('anaq) becomes a jadha' in a year, but sometimes, because of abundant pasture, it grows fat and becomes a "jadha'ah" before completing the year. A lamb born of young parents becomes a jadha' in six to seven months, and one born of old parents in eight to ten months.
Reference / Source: In the hadith of Abu Burdah bin Niyar (may Allah be pleased with him): "I have a young female goat that is a jadha'ah." Al-Khattabi says: that is why a jadha' of goats does not suffice (for sacrifice), since for goats nothing younger than a "thani" is valid, whereas the jadha' of sheep is valid.
Note / Clarification: A "thani" is an animal whose two front teeth have fallen out; among camels it is one that has completed five years and entered the sixth, among cloven-hoofed animals (cattle, goats, sheep) one that has completed two years and entered the third, and among solid-hoofed animals (horses) one that has completed three years and entered the fourth. In all kinds it is the stage after the "jadha'".
Reference / Source: In the hadith of Abu Burdah bin Niyar (may Allah be pleased with him): "I have a young female goat that is a jadha'ah." Al-Khattabi says: that is why a jadha' of goats does not suffice (for sacrifice), since for goats nothing younger than a "thani" is valid, whereas the jadha' of sheep is valid.
Note / Clarification: A "thani" is an animal whose two front teeth have fallen out; among camels it is one that has completed five years and entered the sixth, among cloven-hoofed animals (cattle, goats, sheep) one that has completed two years and entered the third, and among solid-hoofed animals (horses) one that has completed three years and entered the fourth. In all kinds it is the stage after the "jadha'".
قال الأزهري: الجَذَع من المَعْز لسَنَة، ومن الضأن لثمانية أشهر، وعن ابن الأعرابي: الإجذاع: وقتٌ وليس بسِنّ، فالعَنَاق تُجذع لسنة، وربما أجذعت قبل تمامها للخِصب، فتسمن فيسرع إجذاعها، فهي جَدَعَة، ومن الضأن إذا كان ابنَ شابَّينِ أجذع لستة أشهر إلى سبعة، وإذا كان ابنَ هَرِمَينِ أجذع الثمانية إلى عشرة، وفي حديث ابن نيار: "قال: عندي عَنَاقٌ جَذَعة". قال الخطابي: ولذلك لم تجزئ إذا كان لا يجزئ من المعز أقل من الثّني، وأما الضأن فالجَذَع منها يُجزئ. والثَّنِي: الذي أثنى، أي: ألقى ثنيَّته، وهو من الإبل ما استكمل السنة الخامسة ودخل في السادسة، ومن الظلّف ما استكمل الثانية ودخل في الثالثة، ومن الحافر ما استكمل الثالثة ودخل في الرابعة، وهو في كلها بعد الجَذَع، وقيل: الرباعي، والجمع ثُنْيانٌ وثِنَاءٌ.
General principle: The majority of scholars, who hold that a jadha' of sheep is valid for sacrifice, differ on its age: (1) one that has completed a year and entered the second; this is the most correct view among the Shafi'is and the best known among the lexicographers. (2) Six months (half a year); this is the view of the Hanafis and Hanbalis. (3) Seven months; the author of "al-Hidayah" reported this from al-Za'farani. (4) Six or seven months; al-Tirmidhi reported this from Waki' bin al-Jarrah.
ولذلك اختَلَفَ القائلون بإجزاء الجَذَع من الضَّأن، وهم الجمهور في سِنّه على آراء: أحدها: أنه ما كمل سنةً ودخل في الثانية، وهو الأصحّ عند الشافعيَّة، وهو الأشهر عند أهل اللّغة، ثانيها: نصف سنة، وهو قول الحنفية والحنابلة، ثالثها سبعة أشهر، حكاه صاحب "الهداية" من الحنفية عن الزّعفراني، رابعها ستة أو سبعة، حكاه التِّرمذي عن وكيع.
Reference / Source: For further detail see: al-Mutarrizi's "al-Mughrib fi Bayan al-Mu'rab" and "Fath al-Bari" (17/177).
انظر "المغرب في بيان المعرب" للمطرزي، و "فتح الباري" 17/ 177.