المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب التوبة والإنابة
Book of Repentance and Turning to Allah
من ألم فليستتر بستر الله .
Whoever commits a sin, let him conceal himself with the cover of Allah
Hadith Number: 7807
حدثنا ابو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا بحر بن نصر بن سابق الخولاني، حدثنا اسد بن موسى، حدثنا انس بن عياض، عن يحيى بن سعيد، حدثني عبد الله بن دينار، عن عبد الله بن عمر: ان رسول الله ﷺ قام بعد ان رحم الاسلمي فقال:"اجتنبوا هذه القاذورة التي نهى الله عنها، فمن الم فليستتر بستر الله، وليتب إلى الله، فإنه من يبد لنا صفحته نقم عليه كتاب الله ﷿" (1).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7615 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7615 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that after the man from Aslam had been stoned, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and said: "Avoid these filthy deeds (sins) which Allah Almighty has forbidden. Whoever falls into any of them, let him remain concealed under the cover of Allah and repent to Allah, for whoever discloses his situation to us (by confessing the crime), we will carry out upon him the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic (its prescribed punishment)."
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), and they did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «حسن لغيره، وهذا إسناد رجاله ثقات، لكن اختلف فيه على يحيى بن سعيد» [ترقيم الرساله 7807] [ترقيم الشركة 7714] [ترقيم العلميه 7615]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 7807 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: It is "hasan li-ghayrihi" on the basis of supporting reports.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): All the narrators of this chain are thiqah; however, there is a difference in the chain of Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari from 'Abd Allah bin Dinar as to whether it is "mawsul" (connected) or "mursal", and according to Imam al-Daraqutni ("al-'Ilal": 2811) the preponderant view is that it is "mursal". This narration will come again with the author (al-Hakim) at hadith number 8357, where the name "al-Rabi' bin Sulayman" appears in place of "Bahr", and both of them are thiqah.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): All the narrators of this chain are thiqah; however, there is a difference in the chain of Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari from 'Abd Allah bin Dinar as to whether it is "mawsul" (connected) or "mursal", and according to Imam al-Daraqutni ("al-'Ilal": 2811) the preponderant view is that it is "mursal". This narration will come again with the author (al-Hakim) at hadith number 8357, where the name "al-Rabi' bin Sulayman" appears in place of "Bahr", and both of them are thiqah.
(1) حسن لغيره، وهذا إسناد رجاله ثقات، لكن اختلف فيه على يحيى بن سعيد -وهو الأنصاري- عن عبد الله بن دينار في وصله وإرساله، والراجح إرساله كما قال الدارقطني في "العلل" (2811). وسيتكرر عند المصنف برقم (8357) عن أبي العباس محمد بن يعقوب عن الربيع بن سليمان عن أسد بن موسى، فذكر مكان بحرٍ الربيعَ! وكلاهما ثقة.
Reference / Source: Imam al-Tahawi reported it in "Sharh Mushkil al-Athar" (hadith number 91) via Nasr bin Marzuq, from Asad bin Musa, with this same chain.
وأخرجه الطحاوي في "شرح المشكل" (91) عن نصر بن مرزوق، عن أسد بن موسى، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Imam al-'Uqayli reported this narration in "al-Du'afa'" (762) by way of Muhammad bin al-Salt al-Tawwazi, and Imam al-Bayhaqi reported it in (volume 8, page 330) by way of Harun bin Musa. Both these narrators report it from Abu Damrah Anas bin 'Iyad, from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari, with this same chain.
وأخرجه العقيلي في "الضعفاء" (762) من طريق محمد بن الصلت التَّوَّزي، والبيهقي 8/ 330 من طريق هارون بن موسى، كلاهما عن أبي ضمرة أنس بن عياض، عن يحيى بن سعيد، به.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Yunus bin 'Abd al-A'la contradicted the above-mentioned narrators; he narrated it with the chain Anas bin 'Iyad from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari from 'Abd Allah bin Dinar as a "balagh" (that is, that it had reached him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said it).
Reference / Source: Imam al-Tahawi narrated it in "Sharh Mushkil al-Athar" (92).
Reference / Source: Imam al-Tahawi narrated it in "Sharh Mushkil al-Athar" (92).
وخالفهم يونس بن عبد الأعلى، فرواه عن أنس بن عياض عن يحيى بن سعيد عن عبد الله بن دينار: أنه بلغه أنَّ رسول الله، فذكره. أخرجه الطحاوي (92).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Ibn Jurayj and Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah also narrated this narration as "mursal" with the chain Yahya bin Sa'id from 'Abd Allah bin Dinar, as found in "Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq" (13336) and (13342). Likewise, al-Layth bin Sa'd and Hammad bin Zayd also narrated it as mursal, as Imam al-Daraqutni explained in "al-'Ilal" (2811).
ورواه مرسلًا أيضًا عن يحيى بن سعيد عن عبد الله بن دينار ابنُ جريح وسفيانُ بن عيينة عند عبد الرزاق (13336) و (13342)، والليثُ بن سعد وحمادُ بن زيد فيما قاله الدارقطني في "العلل" (2811).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): 'Abd al-Wahhab bin 'Abd al-Majid al-Thaqafi narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari, but his students who narrated it from him differed over whether it is connected or mursal (that is, whether the chain is joined or not).
ورواه عن يحيى بن سعيد الأنصاريِّ عبدُ الوهاب بن عبد المجيد الثقفي، واختلف عليه.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Hafs bin 'Amr al-Rabali narrated it via 'Abd al-Wahhab al-Thaqafi from Yahya bin Sa'id as "mawsul" (with a complete chain).
Reference / Source: Ibn al-Muqri' ("Mu'jam": 831), Ibn Sam'un ("al-Amali": 160) and al-Bayhaqi (8/ 330). Whereas al-Husayn bin al-Hasan bin Harb contradicted al-Rabali and narrated it from 'Abd al-Wahhab as a "balagh" (mursal): "When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stoned al-Aslami (Ma'iz, may Allah be pleased with him)".
Reference / Source: Al-'Uqayli (volume 2, page 284).
Reference / Source: Ibn al-Muqri' ("Mu'jam": 831), Ibn Sam'un ("al-Amali": 160) and al-Bayhaqi (8/ 330). Whereas al-Husayn bin al-Hasan bin Harb contradicted al-Rabali and narrated it from 'Abd al-Wahhab as a "balagh" (mursal): "When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stoned al-Aslami (Ma'iz, may Allah be pleased with him)".
Reference / Source: Al-'Uqayli (volume 2, page 284).
فرواه ابن المقرئ في "معجمه" (831)، وابن سمعون في "الأمالي" (160)، والبيهقي 8/ 330 من طريق حفص بن عمرو الرَّبالي، عن عبد الوهاب الثقفي، عن يحيى بن سعيد به موصولًا. وخالف الرَّباليَّ الحسينُ بن حسن بن حرب، فرواه عن عبد الوهاب الثقفي عن يحيى بن سعيد عن عباد الله بن دينار: أنه بلغه أنَّ النبي ﷺ لما رجم الأسلمي، فذكره. أخرجه العقيلي 2/ 284.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Sa'id Yahya bin Sulayman al-Ju'fi narrated it with the chain 'Abd al-Rahim bin Sulayman from Yahya bin Sa'id from 'Abd Allah bin Dinar, but al-Ju'fi had "doubt" about it and said: "I think it is from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said it."
Reference / Source: Al-'Uqayli (761).
Reference / Source: Al-'Uqayli (761).
ورواه أبو سعيد يحيى بن سليمان الجعفي عند العقيلي (761) عن عبد الرحيم بن سليمان، عن يحيى بن سعيد، عن عبد الله بن دينار؛ فشكّ فيه الجعفي فقال: أراه عن ابن عمر، أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ، فذكره.
Reference / Source: Imam Ibn Wahb narrated it in his "Muwatta'" (as found in Ibn 'Abd al-Barr's "al-Tamhid", volume 5, page 322) with the chain Makhramah bin Bukayr from his father (Bukayr bin 'Abd Allah), who said: I heard 'Ubayd Allah bin Miqsam say: I heard Kurayb, the mawla of Ibn 'Abbas, narrating it, or narrating it from him (that is, either narrating it himself or narrating it from Ibn 'Abbas), and he mentioned something similar.
وأخرجه ابن وهب في "موطئه" -كما في "التمهيد" 5/ 322 - عن مخرمة بن بكير، عن أبيه، قال: سمعت عبيد الله بن مقسم يقول: سمعت كريبًا مولى ابن عباس يُحدِّث، أو يُحدِّث عنه (يعني: يحدِّث هو أو يحدِّث عن ابن عباس)، فذكر نحوه.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Imam Malik narrated a report with this meaning in "al-Muwatta'" (volume 2, page 825) from Zayd bin Aslam as "mursal", and 'Abd al-Razzaq in (13515) via Ma'mar from Yahya bin Abi Kathir as "mursal".
وأخرجه بنحوه مالك في "الموطأ" 2/ 825 عن زيد بن أسلم مرسلًا، وعبد الرزاق (13515) عن معمر عن يحيى بن أبي كثير مرسلًا.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It also has a supporting report (shahid) from the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), found in al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar's book "al-Ghara'ib al-Multaqatah" (118), but in its chain is Yahya bin Abi Sulayman, who is "layyin al-hadith" (a weak narrator).
وله شاهد من حديث أبي هريرة في "الغرائب الملتقطة" لابن حجر (118)، وفي سنده يحيى ابن أبي سليمان، وهو ليِّن الحديث.
Details of the narration: The story of concealment (satr) is also supported by what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Hazzal (may Allah be pleased with him): "If you had covered him (that is, Ma'iz) with your garment, it would have been better for you."
Reference / Source: This narration will come later under hadith number (8279).
Reference / Source: This narration will come later under hadith number (8279).
ويشهد لقصة السَّتر ما قاله النبيُّ ﷺ لهزَّال: "لو سَتَرتَه (يعني ماعزًا) بثوبك كان خيرًا لك"، سيأتي برقم (8279).
General principle: Ibn al-Athir says in "al-Nihayah" that "al-qadhurah" means an ugly deed and a bad word. The words of the hadith "Whoever commits anything of these filthy deeds, let him conceal himself with the covering of Allah" refer to sins for which a "hadd" punishment is due, such as zina and drinking wine.
قال ابن الأثير في "النهاية": القاذورة: الفعل القبيح، والقول السيئ ومنه الحديث "فمن أصاب من هذه القاذورة شيئًا فليستر بستر الله" أراد به ما فيه حدٌّ كالزنى والشرب.
