المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الأيمان والنذور
Book of Oaths and Vows
الأحاديث المنذرة عن يمين كاذبة
Warning hadiths about false oaths
Hadith Number: 8000
اخبرنا الحسن بن يعقوب العدل، حدثنا يحيى بن ابي طالب، حدثنا عبد الوهاب بن عطاء، اخبرنا عبد الله بن عون، عن الشعبي، عن الاشعث بن قيس: انه خاصم رجلا إلى النبي ﷺ في ارض، فجعل اليمين على احدهما، فقال [الآخر]: يا رسول الله، إن حلف دفعت إليه ارضي، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"اتركه، فإنه من حلف على يمين صبر ليقتطع بها مال امرئ مسلم، لقي الله تعالى يوم القيامة وهو مجتمع عليه غضبا، عفا الله عنه او عاقبه" (2)
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه بهذه السياقة.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7806 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه بهذه السياقة.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7806 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) that he brought a case over a piece of land against a man before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) placed the oath upon the other party, so he said: O Messenger of Allah, if he swears the oath, he will take my land. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave him, for whoever deliberately swears a false oath to usurp the wealth of a Muslim will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection with the wrath of Allah fully gathered upon him, (and then) Allah may pardon him or punish him."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it with this wording.
تخریج الحدیث: «حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد رجاله لا بأس بهم لكن اختلف فيه على عبد الله بن عون، فمرةً يرويه عن الشعبي عن الأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن الشعبي عن جرير بن عبد الله عن الأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن جرير والأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن جرير أو الأشعث على الشك» [ترقيم الرساله 8000] [ترقيم الشركة 7905] [ترقيم العلميه 7806]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8000 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: The hadith is sahih.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in its narrators, but there is disagreement in its narration from Abdullah bin Awn: sometimes he narrates it as al-Sha'bi from al-Ash'ath, sometimes al-Sha'bi from Jarir from al-Ash'ath, sometimes from Jarir and al-Ash'ath (both), and sometimes, with doubt, from Jarir or al-Ash'ath.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in its narrators, but there is disagreement in its narration from Abdullah bin Awn: sometimes he narrates it as al-Sha'bi from al-Ash'ath, sometimes al-Sha'bi from Jarir from al-Ash'ath, sometimes from Jarir and al-Ash'ath (both), and sometimes, with doubt, from Jarir or al-Ash'ath.
(2) حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد رجاله لا بأس بهم لكن اختلف فيه على عبد الله بن عون، فمرةً يرويه عن الشعبي عن الأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن الشعبي عن جرير بن عبد الله عن الأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن جرير والأشعث، ومرةً يرويه عن جرير أو الأشعث على الشك.
Reference / Source: Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi narrated it in "al-Asma' al-Mubhamah" (p. 352) by the route of Ahmad bin al-Walid al-Fahham from Abd al-Wahhab with this same chain.
Details of the narration: It is narrated that Ma'dan (whose nickname was al-Hafshish or al-Jafshish) brought a case against a man of Kindah concerning land before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) placed the oath upon one of the two parties. The claimant said: O Messenger of Allah, if he swears, my land will go to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave him, for if he swears falsely..." and then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said something very severe. The narrator Ibn Awn says: I deliberately left that out.
Details of the narration: It is narrated that Ma'dan (whose nickname was al-Hafshish or al-Jafshish) brought a case against a man of Kindah concerning land before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) placed the oath upon one of the two parties. The claimant said: O Messenger of Allah, if he swears, my land will go to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Leave him, for if he swears falsely..." and then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said something very severe. The narrator Ibn Awn says: I deliberately left that out.
وأخرجه الخطيب البغدادي في الأسماء المبهمة ص 352 من طريق أحمد بن الوليد الفحام، عن عبد الوهاب، بهذا الإسناد بلفظ: أنَّ معدان كان يلقَّب الحفشيش خاصم رجلًا من كندة في الأرض إلى النبي ﷺ، فجعل اليمين على أحدهما، فقال: يا رسول الله، إن حلف دفعت إليه أرضي، قال: "دعه، فإنه إن حلف كاذبًا" فقال قولًا عظيمًا. قال ابن عون: تركته عمدًا.
Reference / Source: Al-Tabarani narrated it in "al-Kabir" (636) and "al-Awsat" (1655) by the route of Isa bin Yunus from Ibn Awn, with a meaning similar to al-Khatib al-Baghdadi's narration. Also, Abu Nu'aym transmitted it in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (6350) by the route of al-Nadr bin Shumayl with the doubt "Jarir or al-Ash'ath", and said that Ibn Abi Adi and Mu'adh also narrated it in the same way, with doubt.
وأخرجه الطبراني في "الكبير" (636) و"الأوسط" (1655) من طريق عيسى بن يونس، عن ابن عون، عن الشعبي، عن جرير بن عبد الله، عن الأشعث … فذكره بنحو رواية الخطيب. وأخرجه أبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (6350) من طريق النضر بن شميل، عن ابن عون، عن الشعبي، عن جرير أو عن الأشعث. وقال عقبه: رواه ابن أبي عدي ومعاذ مثله على الشك.
Reference / Source: Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (p. 352) narrated it by the route of Yazid bin Harun from Ibn Awn, with the chain al-Sha'bi, Jarir and al-Ash'ath.
وأخرجه الخطيب في الأسماء المبهمة ص 352 من طريق يزيد بن هارون، عن ابن عون، عن الشعبي، عن جرير والأشعث.
Details of the narration: Al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him) says that a man of ours, "al-Jafshish Abu al-Khayr", had a dispute over land with a man of Hadramawt, which was brought before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Hadrami (the claimant): "Produce your witnesses, otherwise he will swear an oath for you." The Hadrami said: My land is too important a matter for him not to swear (falsely) over it (i.e. he will certainly swear). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The oath of a Muslim stands behind what is even greater than that." When the man set off to swear the oath, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If he swears falsely, Allah will enter him into the Fire." Al-Ash'ath went and told him this, and he said: Now make peace between me and him.
وأخرجه الطبراني في "الكبير" (638)، والخطيب ص 353 و 354 من طريق مجالد بن سعيد - واللفظ له - والطبراني (639) من طريق عيسى بن المسيَّب البجلي، كلاهما عن الشعبي، عن الأشعث بن قيس قال: خاصم رجلٌ منا يقال له: الجفشيش أبو الخير رجلًا من الحضرميين في أرضٍ له إلى رسول الله ﷺ، فقال رسول الله ﷺ للحضرمي: "شهودك على حقك وإلَّا حلف لك" فقال الحضرمي: إِنَّ أرضي أعظم شأنًا من أن لا يحلف عليه، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "إنَّ يمين المسلم من وراءِ ما هو أعظم من ذلك" فانطلق الرجل ليحلف، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "إن هو حلف كاذبًا، أدخله الله النار" فانطلق الأشعث إليه فأخبره، فقال: أصلِحْ بيني وبينه.
Details of the narration: The wording of Isa al-Bajali's narration is that al-Ash'ath said: "Once I bought back my oath for seventy thousand (dirhams or dinars) (i.e. I gave up the property), because I had heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: 'Whoever seizes the right of a Muslim by means of an oath will meet Allah while He is angry with him.'"
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Both these chains are weak: the first contains Mujalid bin Sa'id, and the second contains Isa al-Bajali and his student Safwan bin Hubayrah, and all of them are weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Both these chains are weak: the first contains Mujalid bin Sa'id, and the second contains Isa al-Bajali and his student Safwan bin Hubayrah, and all of them are weak.
ولفظ رواية البجلي: قال (يعني الأشعث): لقد اشتريت يميني مرةً بسبعين ألفًا، وذلك أني سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: من اقتطع حق مسلم بيمين لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان". وكلا الإسنادين ضعيف، فالأول فيه مجالد والثاني فيه عيسى البجلي وتلميذه صفوان بن هبيرة، وكلهم ضعفاء.
Reference / Source: Ibn Khuzaymah narrated it in "al-Tawhid" (2/ 870) and al-Tabarani (644) by the route of Qays bin Muhammad from his father Muhammad bin al-Ash'ath.
Details of the narration: Al-Ash'ath gifted a slave to his son Muhammad, then, becoming angry over something, swore that he had not gifted him anything. When morning came he returned the slave to him and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever takes a 'yamin sabr' (a binding oath) in order to seize the property of a Muslim will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection while He is intensely angry with him; if He wills He will pardon him, and if He wills He will punish him."
Details of the narration: Al-Ash'ath gifted a slave to his son Muhammad, then, becoming angry over something, swore that he had not gifted him anything. When morning came he returned the slave to him and said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever takes a 'yamin sabr' (a binding oath) in order to seize the property of a Muslim will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection while He is intensely angry with him; if He wills He will pardon him, and if He wills He will punish him."
وأخرج ابن خُزَيمة في "التوحيد" 2/ 870، والطبراني (644) من طريق قيس بن محمد، عن أبيه محمد بن الأشعث: أنَّ الأشعث وهب له غلامًا فغضب عليه وقال: والله ما وهبت لك شيئًا، فلما أصبح ردَّه عليه، وقال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: "من حلف على يمين صبرًا ليقتطع مال امرئ مسلم، لقي الله يوم القيامة وهو مجتمع عليه غضبان، إن شاء عفا عنه وإن شاء عاقبه".
Grading: The hadith is sahih.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (6/ 3597, 7/ 4395 and 36/ 21841), al-Bukhari (2356, 2515), Muslim (138), Abu Dawud (3243), al-Tirmidhi (1269, 2996), al-Nasa'i (5948, 5950, 10945, 10996) and Ibn Hibban (5084, 5086) narrated it via Shaqiq bin Salamah from Ibn Mas'ud.
Details of the narration: He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever seizes the property of a Muslim by swearing a false oath will meet Allah while He is angry with him." On this occasion verse 77 of Surah Al Imran was revealed. Al-Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him) confirmed that this verse was revealed concerning a dispute of his over a well.
General principle: Imam al-Nawawi says that a "yamin sabr" is an oath imposed on someone before a judge. The literal meaning of "sabr" is to hold back and to confine.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (6/ 3597, 7/ 4395 and 36/ 21841), al-Bukhari (2356, 2515), Muslim (138), Abu Dawud (3243), al-Tirmidhi (1269, 2996), al-Nasa'i (5948, 5950, 10945, 10996) and Ibn Hibban (5084, 5086) narrated it via Shaqiq bin Salamah from Ibn Mas'ud.
Details of the narration: He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever seizes the property of a Muslim by swearing a false oath will meet Allah while He is angry with him." On this occasion verse 77 of Surah Al Imran was revealed. Al-Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him) confirmed that this verse was revealed concerning a dispute of his over a well.
General principle: Imam al-Nawawi says that a "yamin sabr" is an oath imposed on someone before a judge. The literal meaning of "sabr" is to hold back and to confine.
وأخرج أحمد (6/ 3597) و 7 / (4395) و 36 / (21841)، والبخاري (2356) - واللفظ له - و (2515)، ومسلم (138)، وأبو داود (3243)، والترمذي ((1269) و (2996)، والنسائي (5948) و (5950) و (10945) و (10996)، وابن حبان (5084) و (5086) من طرق عن أبي وائل شقيق بن سلمة، عن عبد الله بن مسعود، عن النبي ﷺ قال: "من حلف على يمين يقتطع بها مال امرئ مسلم، هو عليها فاجر، لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان" فأنزل الله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا﴾ الآية، فجاء الأشعث فقال: ما حدَّثكم أبو عبد الرحمن؟ فيَّ أنزلت هذه الآية، كانت لي بئر في أرض ابن عمّ لي، فقال لي: "شهودَك" قلت: ما لي شهود، قال: "فيمينُه" قلت: يا رسول الله، إذًا يحلف، فذكر النبي ﷺ هذا الحديث، فأنزل الله ذلك تصديقًا له. قوله: "يمين صبر"، قال النووي: هي التي ألزم بها الحالف عند الحاكم ونحوه. وأصل الصبر: الحبس والإمساك.