المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
من يخالف دينه من المسلمين فاقتلوه
Whoever among the Muslims changes his religion, kill him
Hadith Number: 8290
اخبرنا بكر بن محمد بن حمدان الصيرفي بمرو، حدثنا عبد الصمد بن الفضل، حدثنا حفص بن عمر العدني (1)، حدثنا الحكم بن ابان، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس، ان رسول الله ﷺ قال:"من يخالف دينه من المسلمين فاقتلوه، وإذا قال العبد: اشهد ان لا إله إلا الله وان محمدا عبده ورسوله، فلا سبيل لنا إليه إلا بحقه إذا اصاب ان يقام عليه ما هو عليه" (2).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 8091 - العدني هالك
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 8091 - العدني هالك
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever among the Muslims changes his religion (becomes an apostate), kill him. And when a servant says, 'I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and Messenger,' then we have no way against him except by its right (that is, if he commits a crime, the prescribed punishment will be established upon him)."
The chain of this hadith is sahih (authentic), but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، بهذا السياق من أجل حفص بن عمر العدني، وبه أعلّه الذهبي في "التلخيص"، فقال: العدني هالك» [ترقيم الرساله 8290] [ترقيم الشركة 8191] [ترقيم العلميه 8091]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 8290 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: In the handwritten manuscripts this word has been corrupted and written as "al-Madani".
(1) تحرّف في النسخ الخطية إلى: المدني.
Grading: With this wording its chain is "very weak" (da'if jiddan), because of "Hafs bin Umar al-Adani". For this reason al-Dhahabi declared it defective in "al-Talkhis", saying: "Al-Adani is halik (a ruined narrator)."
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا بهذا السياق من أجل حفص بن عمر العدني، وبه أعلّه الذهبي في "التلخيص"، فقال: العدني هالك.
Reference / Source: Ibn Majah (2539) and al-Mustaghfiri in "Fada'il al-Qur'an" (352) narrated it through the route of Nasr bin Ali al-Jahdami, and Abu Nu'aym in "Tarikh Asbahan" (1/216) through the route of Ishaq bin Yusuf; both of them narrate it from Hafs bin Umar al-Adani with this same chain.
Details of the narration: In the narration of Nasr al-Jahdami the first part (of the hadith) is not mentioned; in its place are these words: "Whoever denies a verse of the Qur'an, striking his neck has become lawful."
Details of the narration: In the narration of Nasr al-Jahdami the first part (of the hadith) is not mentioned; in its place are these words: "Whoever denies a verse of the Qur'an, striking his neck has become lawful."
وأخرجه ابن ماجه (2539)، والمستغفري في "فضائل القرآن" (352) من طريق نصر بن علي الجهضمي، وأبو نعيم في "تاريخ أصبهان" 1/ 216 من طريق إسحاق بن يوسف، كلاهما عن حفص بن عمر العدني بهذا الإسناد. وليس في رواية نصر الجهضمي ذكر الشطر الأول، وذكر مكانه: "من جحد آية من القرآن فقد حلَّ ضرب عنقه".
Reference / Source: Al-Tabarani narrated it in full in "al-Kabir" (11617) through the route of Ibrahim bin al-Hakam bin Aban, from his father; but Ibrahim is (weak) just like Hafs (in weakness).
Grading: However, its first part was narrated by Ahmad (3/1871 and 4/2551, 2552), al-Bukhari (3017, 6922), Abu Dawud (4351), Ibn Majah (2535), al-Tirmidhi (1458), al-Nasa'i (3508, 3509, 3510) and Ibn Hibban (4476, 5606) through the route of Ayyub al-Sakhtiyani, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), as marfu', with the wording: "man baddala dinahu fa'qtuluhu" (Whoever changes his religion, kill him).
Grading: However, its first part was narrated by Ahmad (3/1871 and 4/2551, 2552), al-Bukhari (3017, 6922), Abu Dawud (4351), Ibn Majah (2535), al-Tirmidhi (1458), al-Nasa'i (3508, 3509, 3510) and Ibn Hibban (4476, 5606) through the route of Ayyub al-Sakhtiyani, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), as marfu', with the wording: "man baddala dinahu fa'qtuluhu" (Whoever changes his religion, kill him).
وأخرجه تامًّا الطبراني في "الكبير" (11617) من طريق إبراهيم بن الحكم بن أبان، عن أبيه، به. وإبراهيم كحفص في الضعف. وأخرج شطره الأول: أحمد 3/ (1871) و 4 / (2551) و (2552)، والبخاري (3017) و (6922)، وأبو داود (4351)، وابن ماجه (2535)، والترمذي (1458)، والنسائي (3508) و (3509) و (3510)، وابن حبان (4476) و (5606) من طريق أيوب السختياني، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس مرفوعًا بلفظ: "من بدَّل دينه فاقتلوه".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Ahmad (5/2966), al-Nasa'i (3513, 3514) and Ibn Hibban (4475) likewise narrated it through the route of Abd al-Samad bin Abd al-Warith, from Hisham bin Abi Abdullah al-Dastuwa'i, from Qatadah, from Anas bin Malik, from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).
وأخرجه كذلك أحمد 5/ (2966)، والنسائي (3513) و (3514)، وابن حبان (4475) من طريق عبد الصمد بن عبد الوارث، عن هشام بن أبي عبد الله الدستوائي، عن قتادة، عن أنس بن مالك، عن ابن عباس.
Important point: As for the second part of the hadith, its meaning is narrated from a group of the Companions in the "Sahihayn" and elsewhere. See: "Musnad Ahmad" (13/8163).
وأما الشطر الثاني، فقد روي معناه عن جمع من الصحابة في "الصحيحين" وغيرهما، انظر "مسند أحمد" 13/ (8163).
