صحيح البخاري
Sahih Bukhari
كِتَاب تَفْسِيرِ الْقُرْآنِ
The Book of Commentary
سورة النُّورِ:
SURAT AN-NUR (The Light)
Hadith Number: Q4745
من خلاله: من بين اضعاف السحاب، سنا برقه: وهو الضياء، مذعنين: يقال للمستخذي مذعن اشتاتا وشتى وشتات وشت واحد، وقال ابن عباس: سورة انزلناها: بيناها، وقال غيره: سمي القرآن لجماعة السور، وسميت السورة لانها مقطوعة من الاخرى فلما قرن بعضها إلى بعض سمي قرآنا، وقال سعد بن عياض الثمالي: المشكاة الكوة بلسان الحبشة، وقوله تعالى: إن علينا جمعه وقرآنه: تاليف بعضه إلى بعض، فإذا قراناه فاتبع قرآنه: فإذا جمعناه والفناه فاتبع قرآنه اي ما جمع فيه فاعمل بما امرك وانته عما نهاك الله، ويقال: ليس لشعره قرآن اي تاليف وسمي الفرقان لانه يفرق بين الحق والباطل، ويقال للمراة: ما قرات بسلا قط اي لم تجمع في بطنها ولدا ويقال في، فرضناها: انزلنا فيها فرائض مختلفة، ومن قرا، فرضناها: يقول فرضنا عليكم وعلى من بعدكم، وقال مجاهد: او الطفل الذين لم يظهروا: لم يدروا لما بهم من الصغر، وقال الشعبي: اولي الإربة من ليس له ارب، وقال طاوس: هو الاحمق الذي لا حاجة له في النساء، وقال مجاهد: لا يهمه إلا بطنه، ولا يخاف على النساء.
The meaning of «من خلاله» is "from among the veils of the clouds." «سنا برقه» means "the light of its lightning." «مذعنين» is the plural of «مذعن» , meaning "one who is humble." «أشتاتا» , «شتى» , «شتات» , and «شت» all have the same meaning (that is, separate), and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The meaning of «سورة أنزلناها» is "We have explained it in detail," and the Qur'an is named so because of the collection of surahs, and a surah is called a surah because it is separate from another surah. Then, when one surah was brought close to another, the collection began to be called Qur'an (so this is derived from «قرن» ). And Sa'd bin 'Iyad Thamali said (Ibn Shahin connected this): «مشكاة» say that "Taaq" is a word from the Abyssinian language. And regarding what is mentioned in Surah Qiyamah, "Upon Us is its collection and «قرآن» ," so by «قرآن» is meant its joining and connecting one part to another. Then it is said: «فإذا قرأناه فاتبع قرآنه» , meaning, "When We have joined and arranged it, then follow its collection," that is, act upon what is commanded in it and refrain from what Allah has prohibited. And the Arabs say, "There is no Qur'an for his poetry," meaning there is no collection. And «قرآن» is also called «فرقان» because it distinguishes between truth and falsehood. And regarding a woman, it is said «ما قرأت بسلا قط» , meaning "she has never carried a child in her womb." And it is said «فرضناها» with tashdeed, so the meaning will be "We have revealed various obligations in it." And whoever recited «فرضناها» with lightness, the meaning will be "We have made it obligatory upon you and upon those who will come after you until the Day of Resurrection." Mujahid said: By «أو الطفل الذين لم يظهروا» are meant those young boys who, due to their young age, are not aware of women's private parts or intercourse. And Sha'bi said: By «غير أولي الإربة» are meant those men who have no need for women. And Tawus said (Abdur Razzaq connected this): It means the fool who has no thought of women. And Mujahid said (Tabari connected this): Those who are only concerned with their own stomachs, there is no fear that they will touch women.
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