It is narrated from Humaid bin Qais and Thawr bin Zaid that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, saw a man standing in the sun. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, asked about the reason for this. People said: He has vowed that he will not speak to anyone, will not take shade, will not sit, and will remain fasting. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Order him to speak, to come into the shade, to sit, and to complete his fast."

Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: I have not heard that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, ordered expiation for this; rather, he, peace and blessings be upon him, said that one should complete what is an act of worship and abandon what is bad.

It is narrated from Qasim bin Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) that a woman came to Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) and said, "Indeed, I have made a vow that I will sacrifice my son." So Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said, "Do not slaughter your son, and pay the expiation for your oath." Then an elder who was present with Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said, "How can there be expiation in this case? (This is a vow of disobedience, and that is considered void.)" So Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said, "Indeed, Allah the Exalted has said: «‏‏‏‏الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ» ‏‏‏‏ (58-Al-Mujadila:2) 'Those among you who declare their wives unlawful (by zihar)...' (Zihar is also an act of disobedience), yet Allah has prescribed in it the expiation which you already know."

Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was asked: A man said, "My wealth is dedicated (waqf) at the door of the Ka'bah." She said: In this, the expiation (kaffarah) of an oath will be required.

Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Regarding the statement of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: "Whoever makes a vow to disobey Allah should not disobey Him," its meaning is that if a person makes a vow to walk on foot to Syria, Egypt, Rabadhah, or any similar place—places in which (walking to them) is not an act of obedience to Allah—and (before making such a vow) he says that if he speaks to a certain person or says something similar, then he will walk on foot to Egypt or Syria, etc., then if he does speak to that person or breaks his oath by acting contrary to what he swore, nothing will be obligatory upon him regarding any of these things, because in these matters there is no obedience to Allah, and fulfillment is only for that which involves obedience to Allah.