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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)

الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
أَبْوَابُ صَلَاةِ الْجَمَاعَةِ
Chapters on Congregational Prayer
بَابُ مَنْ أَحَقُّ بِالْإِمَامَةِ
Chapter on who is most entitled to lead the prayer
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Hadith Number: 2530
عن ابي مسعود الانصاري البدري رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال: ((يؤم القوم اقراهم لكتاب الله تعالى واقدمهم قراءة فإن كانت قراءتهم سواء فليؤمهم اقدمهم هجرة فإن كانت هجرتهم سواء فليؤمهم اكبرهم سنا ولا يؤم الرجل في اهله ولا في سلطانه ولا يجلس على تكرمته في بيته إلا بإذنه))
It is narrated from Abu Mas’ud Ansari Badri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: The one who should lead the people in prayer is he who has recited more of Allah’s Book; if they are equal in recitation, then the one who is foremost in migration should lead; if they are equal in migration, then the one who is older in age should lead. And in a man’s house and under his authority, do not lead him in prayer, nor sit in his place of honor in his house, except with his permission.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 673
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Hadith Number: 2531
((وعنه من طريق ثان) بنحوه وفيه) فإن كانوا في القراءة سواء فاعلمهم بالسنة
(Second chain) It has this addition: If they are equal in recitation, then the one who knows more of the Sunnah should lead the prayer.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 22696
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Hadith Number: 2532
(وفيه ايضا) ولا تجلس على تكرمته في بيته حتى ياذن لك
(And its words are:) And do not sit in his house in his honored place, unless he gives permission.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 17227
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Hadith Number: 2533
عن ابي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: ((إذا كانوا ثلاثة فليؤمهم احدهم، واحقهم بالإمامة اقراهم))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When there are three people, one of them should lead the prayer, and the one who is most proficient in recitation among them is most deserving to lead."


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 672
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Hadith Number: 2534
عن انس بن مالك رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال: ((يؤم القوم اقراهم للقرآن))
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one who recites the Qur'an the most among them will lead the people in prayer.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح لغيره
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Hadith Number: 2535
عن عمرو بن سلمة رضي الله عنه قال: كانت تاتينا الركبان من قبل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فنستقرئهم فيحدثونا ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال: ((ليؤمكم اكثركم قرآنا))
Sayyiduna Amr bin Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Caravans used to come to us from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), so we would learn from them. They also informed us that the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one who knows more of the Qur'an among you should lead your prayer.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه مطولا البخاري: 4302
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Hadith Number: 2536
حدثنا عبد الله حدثني ابي ثنا سريج ويونس قالا ثنا حماد يعني ابن زيد عن ابي قلابة عن مالك بن الحويرث الليثي رضي الله عنه قال: قدمنا على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ونحن شببة، قال: فاقمنا عنده نحوا من عشرين ليلة، فقال لنا: ((لو رجعتم إلى بلادكم)) وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم رحيما ((فعلمتموهم))، قال سريج وامرتموهم ان يصلوا صلاة كذا حين كذا قال يونس ومروهم فليصلوا صلاة كذا في حين كذا وصلاة كذا في حين كذا، فإذا حضرت الصلاة فليؤذن لكم احدكم وليؤمكم اكبركم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith, he says: We, a group of young men, came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and stayed for about twenty nights. Since the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was compassionate, he said to us: If you return to your cities, teach them and instruct them to perform such-and-such prayers at such-and-such times. When the time for prayer comes, let one of you give the call to prayer (adhan), and let the eldest among you lead the prayer.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 630
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Hadith Number: 2537
(ومن طريق ثان) عن خالد الحذاء عن ابي قلابة عن مالك بن الحويرث ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال له ولصاحب له: ((إذا حضرت الصلاة فاذنا واقيما وقال مرة فاقيما ثم ليؤمكما اكبر كما))، قال خالد: فقلت لابي قلابة: فاين القراءة؟ قال: إنهما كانا متقاربين (زاد في رواية: ((صلوا كما تروني اصلي)))
(Second chain of narration) Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him and his companion: When the time for prayer comes, then give the adhan, then say the iqamah, and the one who is eldest among you should lead the congregation. Khalid says: I said to Abu Qilabah: Where did the issue of (appointing the imam based on) recitation go? He said: Indeed, both of them (recitation and the rest of knowledge) were nearly equal. In one narration, these words are also present: Pray as you have seen me praying.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 15686
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Hadith Number: 2538
(ومن طريق ثان) عن خالد الحذاء عن ابي قلابة عن مالك بن الحويرث ان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال له ولصاحب له: ((إذا حضرت الصلاة فاذنا واقيما وقال مرة فاقيما ثم ليؤمكما اكبر كما))، قال خالد: فقلت لابي قلابة: فاين القراءة؟ قال: إنهما كانا متقاربين (زاد في رواية: ((صلوا كما تروني اصلي)))
(Second chain of narration) Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him and his companion: When the time for prayer comes, then give the adhan, then say the iqamah, and the one who is eldest among you should lead the congregation. Khalid says: I said to Abu Qilabah: Where did the issue of (appointing the imam based on) recitation go? He said: Indeed, both of them (recitation and the rest of knowledge) were nearly equal. In one narration, these words are also present: Pray as you have seen me praying.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: انظر الحديث بالطريق الاول ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 15686
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Hadith Number: 2539
عن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه انه اتى ابا موسى الاشعري في منزله فحضرت الصلاة، فقال ابو موسى: تقدم يا ابا عبد الرحمن! فإنك اقدم سنا واعلم، قال: لا، بل تقدم انت فإنما اتيناك في منزلك ومسجدك فانت احق، قال: فتقدم ابو موسى فخلع نعليه، فلما سلم قال: ما اردت إلى خلعهما؟ ابالواد المقدس انت؟ لقد رايت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يصلي في الخفين والنعلين
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I went to Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) at his house. Meanwhile, the time for prayer arrived. He said to me: Abu Abdur Rahman! Step forward (and lead the prayer) because you are older and more knowledgeable. But I said: No, rather you should step forward, because we have come to you, to your house, and to your mosque, so you are more deserving. Thus, Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) stepped forward and he took off his shoes. When he finished the prayer with salam, I said: Why did you take off your shoes? Are you in the sacred valley? I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) praying while wearing socks and shoes.


تخریج الحدیث:
حكم: صحيح
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