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Biography: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (rh)
الفتح الربانی
Al-Fath al-Rabbani
بَابُ مَنْ قُتِلَ وَالِدُهُ خَطَأَ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِدِيَتِهِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ
Chapter: One Whose Father Was Killed by Mistake and He Donated His Blood Money to the Muslims
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Hadith Number: 6610
عن محمود بن لبيد رضي الله عنه قال اختلفت سيوف المسلمين على اليمان ابي حذيفة يوم احد ولا يعرفونه فقتلوه فاراد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ان يديه فتصدق حذيفة بديته على المسلمين
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mahmood bin Labeed (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Uhud, the swords of the Muslims struck Sayyiduna Iman (may Allah be pleased with him), while they did not recognize him, so they killed him. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wished to pay his blood money, but Sayyiduna Hudhaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) gave that blood money as charity to the Muslims.


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده حسن۔ أخرجه الحاكم: 3/ 202، والبيھقي: 8/ 132، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 23639 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 24039»
حكم: اسناده حسن۔ أخرجه الحاكم: 3/ 202
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بَابُ وُجُوبِ الدِّيَةِ بِالسَّبَبِ وَقِصَّةِ أَصَحَابِ الزُّبيَةِ
Chapter: Obligation of Blood Money Due to Cause and the Story of the People of the Pit
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Hadith Number: 6611
عن حنش عن علي رضي الله عنه قال بعثني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم إلى اليمن فانتهينا إلى قوم قد بنوا زبية للاسد فبينما هم كذلك يتدافعون إذا سقط رجل فتعلق بآخر ثم تعلق رجل بآخر حتى صاروا فيها اربعة فجرحهم الاسد فانتدب له رجل بحربة فقتله وماتوا من جراحتهم كلهم فقام اولياء الاول إلى اولياء الآخر فاخرجوا السلاح ليقتتلوا فاتاهم علي رضي الله عنه على تفيئة ذلك فقال تريدون ان تقاتلوا ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم حي إني اقضي بينكم قضاء إن رضيتم فهو القضاء وإلا حجز بعضكم عن بعض حتى تاتوا النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فيكون هو الذي يقضي بينكم فمن عدا بعد ذلك فلا حق له اجمعوا من قبائل الذين حضروا البئر ربع الدية وثلث الدية ونصف الدية والدية كاملة فللاول الربع لانه هلك من فوقه وللثاني ثلث الدية وللثالث نصف الدية فابوا ان يرضوا فاتوا النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو عند مقام إبراهيم فقصوا فقال انا اقضي بينكم واحتبى فقال رجل من القوم إن عليا قضى فينا فقصوا عليه القصة فاجازه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to Yemen. I reached those people who had dug a pit for a lion. Meanwhile, there was a crowd there and people began to save themselves through one another. One man fell into the pit, he clung to another, the second grabbed a third, until four men fell into the pit. The lion wounded all of them. One man quickly struck the lion with a spear and killed it, but all four could not bear their wounds and passed away. Now the heirs of the slain, armed themselves and prepared to fight to the death. While they were preparing for battle, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived among them and said: You are girding yourselves for battle while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is still alive among you. I will decide among you; if you are pleased with it, then fine, otherwise refrain from confronting each other and do not take any step until you reach the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then he will decide among you, and whoever exceeds after that decision will have no right left. Now listen! My decision is that all the tribes who were gathered near the well should collectively pay one-fourth blood money, one-third blood money, half blood money, and full blood money. The one who first fell into the pit should be given one-fourth of the blood money, because he became the cause of the death of those above him. The second man who fell should be given one-third of the blood money, the third who fell should be given half the blood money, and the fourth should be given the full blood money. But the people refused to accept this decision. When they presented themselves before the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he was sitting near Maqam Ibrahim at that time. They narrated the incident before him. He said: I will now decide among you. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat upright. Meanwhile, a man said: Indeed, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) had already decided among us, then he narrated the whole incident. Thus, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) enforced the same decision.


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده ضعيف، حنش بن المعتمر يتكلمون في حديثه۔ أخرجه البيھقي: 8/ 111، وابن ابي شيبة: 9/ 400، والطيالسي: 114، والبزار: 732، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 573 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 573»
حكم: اسناده ضعيف
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بَاب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْعَاقِلَةِ وَمَا تَحْمِلُهُ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the 'Aqilah and What They Bear
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Hadith Number: 6612
عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهما قال كتب النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم على كل بطن عقوله ثم إنه كتب انه لا يحل ان يتوالى وقال روح يتولى مولى رجل مسلم بغير إذنه
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had it written that it is obligatory for every branch of the tribe to pay blood money, and he also had it written that it is not permissible for anyone to become a guardian of another without permission. The words of the narrator Ruh are: It is not lawful for a (freed) slave of a Muslim man to appoint anyone else as his guardian without his permission.


تخریج الحدیث: «أخرجه مسلم: 1507، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 14445 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 14499»
حكم: أخرجه مسلم: 1507
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Hadith Number: 6613
عن عمرو بن شعيب عن ابيه عن جده رضي الله عنه ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قضى ان يعقل عن المراة عصبتها من كانوا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) decreed that the 'asaba (male agnates) of a woman will pay her blood money, whoever they may be.


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده حسن۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4564، وابن ماجه: 2647، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 7092 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 7092»
حكم: اسناده حسن۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4564
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Hadith Number: 6614
عن ابي سلمة عن ابي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال اقتتلت امراتان من هذيل فرمت إحداهما الاخرى بحجر فاصابت بطنها فقتلتها والقت جنينا فقضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بديتهما على العاقلة وفي جنينها غرة عبد او امة فقال قائل كيف يعقل من لا اكل ولا شرب ولا نطق ولا استهل فمثل ذلك بطل فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم كما زعم ابو هريرة هذا من إخوان الكهان
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that two women from the tribe of Huzail fought with each other. One of them struck the other with a stone, which hit her in the abdomen, and that woman was killed along with her unborn child. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided that her blood money would be paid by her 'Aqilah, and the blood money for the unborn child would be a male or female slave. A man said: The child who neither ate, nor drank, nor spoke, nor cried—thus, its killing is invalid and wasted. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He seems to be a brother of soothsayers and astrologers.


تخریج الحدیث: «أخرجه البخاري: 5758، ومسلم:1681، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 7703 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 7689»
حكم: أخرجه البخاري: 5758
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Hadith Number: 6615
عن المغيرة بن شعبة رضي الله عنه ان ضرتين ضربت إحداهما بعمود فسطاط فقتلتها فقضى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بالدية على عصبة القاتلة وفيما في بطنها غرة فقال الاعرابي اتغرمني من لا اكل ولا شرب ولا صاح فاستهل فمثل ذلك بطل فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم اسجع كسجع الاعراب ولما في بطنها غرة
Narrated from Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) that two co-wives fought with each other. One of them struck the other with a tent pole and killed her. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the family of the killer to pay blood money (diyah), and for the unborn child in the womb of the deceased, he ruled for a slave man or woman as compensation. A Bedouin said:“Are you imposing blood money for a child who neither ate nor drank, nor made a sound, nor cried? Such a child should be without any compensation.”The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“Is this rhyming like the Bedouins? (Whatever anyone may say,) the blood money for the child killed in the woman’s womb must be a slave man or woman.”


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده صحيح علي شرط مسلم۔ أخرجه مسلم: 1682، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 18177 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 18361»
حكم: اسناده صحيح علي شرط مسلم۔ أخرجه مسلم: 1682
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Hadith Number: 6616
عن عمران بن حصين رضي الله عنه ان غلاما لاناس فقراء قطع اذن غلام لاناس اغنياء فاتى اهله النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فقالوا يا نبي الله إنا ناس فقراء فلم يجعل عليه شيئا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him): The slave of poor people cut off the ear of the slave of rich people. The owner of the latter came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and complained, but the owners of the slave who cut the ear said: O Messenger of Allah! We are poor people, we have nothing. So, you did not impose any blood money upon them.


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده صحيح علي شرط الشيخين۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4590، والنسائي: 8/25، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 19931 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 20173»
حكم: اسناده صحيح علي شرط الشيخين۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4590
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بَابُ لَا يُؤْخَذُ الْمَرْءُ بِجِنَايَةِ غَيْرِهِ وَلَوْ مِنْ أَقْرَبِ النَّاسِ اليه
Chapter: No One Is Taken for the Crime of Another, Even If He Is Closest to Him
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Hadith Number: 6617
عن ابي رمثة رضي الله عنه قال اتيت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وهو يخطب ويقول يد المعطي العليا امك واباك واختك واخاك وادناك فادناك قال فدخل نفر من بني ثعلبة بن يربوع فقال رجل من الانصار يا رسول الله هؤلاء النفر اليربوعيون الذين قتلوا فلانا فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم الا لا تجني نفس على اخرى مرتين
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Rimtha (may Allah be pleased with him): He says, I presented myself before the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was addressing, and he was saying: The hand that gives is the upper hand. Spend on your mother, father, sister, brother, and as much as possible on your closest relatives. Meanwhile, some people from Banu Tha'labah bin Yarbu' arrived. One of the Ansar said about them: O Messenger of Allah! These are the people of Banu Yarbu', they killed so-and-so. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Beware! No soul is responsible for the crime of another. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said this twice.


تخریج الحدیث: «حديث صحيح۔ أخرجه الطبراني في ’’الكبير‘‘: 22/ 725، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 17495 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 17634»
حكم: حديث صحيح۔ أخرجه الطبراني في ’’الكبير‘‘: 22/ 725
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Hadith Number: 6618
وعنه ايضا قال انطلقت مع ابي نحو رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فلما رايته قال ابي هل تدري من هذا قلت لا قال هذا محمد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال فاقشعررت حين قال ذلك وكنت اظن ان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم شيئا لا يشبه الناس فإذا بشر ذو وفرة وبها ردع من حناء وعليه بردان اخضران فسلم عليه ابي ثم جلسنا فتحدثنا ساعة ثم إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال لابي ابنك هذا قال إي ورب الكعبة قال حقا قال لاشهد به فتبسم رسول الله ضاحكا في تثبيت شبهي بابي ومن حلف ابي علي ثم قال اما إنه لا يجني عليك ولا تجني عليه وقرا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم {ولا تزر وازرة وزر اخرى} [الإسراء 15] الحديث
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Ramtha (may Allah be pleased with him) in this way, he says: I went with my father to the presence of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When I saw him, my father said: Abu Ramtha! Do you recognize him, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)? I said: No. He said: This is Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). At this, my hair stood on end. I thought that his noble person would have a status distinct from ordinary people, but he was a human being. The hair of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reached his ears, there were traces of henna on his hair, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was wearing two green sheets. My father greeted the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with salam and we sat down. He spoke with us for a while, then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Is this your son? My father said: Yes, by the Lord of the Ka'bah! It is true that he is my son, I bear witness to it. Hearing all this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled openly, because my resemblance to my father was very clear, yet he was swearing an oath. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Beware! He will not commit any crime against you, and you will not commit any crime against him. Along with this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: No soul shall bear the burden of another soul. ... al-Hadith.


تخریج الحدیث: «اسناده صحيح۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4206، 4495، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 7116 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 7116»
حكم: اسناده صحيح۔ أخرجه ابوداود: 4206
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Hadith Number: 6619
عن الخشخاش العنبري رضي الله عنه قال اتيت النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم ومعي ابن لي قال فقال ابنك هذا قال قلت نعم قال لا يجني عليك ولا تجني عليه
Narrated by Sayyiduna Khushkhas Anbari (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and my son was with me. The Prophet said: Is this your son? I said: Yes, this is my son. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He will not be guilty for you, nor will you be guilty for him (rather, everyone will be responsible for his own crime).


تخریج الحدیث: «حديث صحيح۔ أخرجه ابن ماجه: 2671، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 19031 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 19240»
حكم: حديث صحيح۔ أخرجه ابن ماجه: 2671
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