مختصر صحيح بخاري
Mukhtasar Sahih Bukhari
Advising kindness to women.
Narrated Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not harm his neighbor, and I advise you to treat women well, for women were created from a rib, and the most crooked part of the rib is its upper part. If you try to straighten it, you will break it, and if you leave it, it will remain crooked, so treat women well. I advise you to treat women well."
Treating one's wife well.
Umm al-Mu’minin Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: (In Yemen) eleven women gathered in one place and made a pact among themselves to describe the condition of their husbands, hiding nothing.
The first woman said: My husband is like the meat of a lean camel placed on the top of a mountain; neither is the path easy so that one may climb to the top, nor is the meat fat enough that one would endure hardship to bring it down.
The second said: If I begin to describe my husband, where would I stop? I fear I may not be able to describe everything, but if I do, I can mention all his open and hidden faults.
The third said: My husband is very tall; if I speak, I get divorced, and if I remain silent, he leaves me hanging (neither married nor divorced).
The fourth said: My husband is like the night of Tihamah (moderate)—neither too hot nor too cold (i.e., always the same), neither too fearful nor too sorrowful.
The fifth said: If my husband comes home, he is like a leopard, and when he goes out, he is like a lion (and so noble in temperament) that he never asks about what he has left behind.
The sixth said: My husband (is such a glutton) that if he eats, he finishes everything, and if he drinks, he gulps it all down, and when he sleeps, he lies alone; he never even reaches out his hand towards my stomach, nor does he ever inquire about my joys or sorrows.
The seventh said: My husband is misguided, weak-chested, and oppressive; every fault is present in him. (If he speaks) he may break my head or wound me, or do both.
The eighth said: My husband’s touch is like that of a rabbit (i.e., he has a delicate body), and his fragrance is like that of zar’nab (a kind of grass).
The ninth said: My husband is of high status (noble), with long soles, very generous; his house is near the assembly (a man of opinion).
The tenth said: My husband’s name is Malik (owner of property), and how can I praise Malik (he is above all the praises that come to mind)? At his house, there are many camels (for guests), and they rarely go to pasture, and when they hear the sound of the drum, they are sure they will be slaughtered (for guests).
The eleventh said: My husband is Abu Zar’ and what can I say about him! He made my ears heavy with jewelry and filled my arms with fat, and kept me so happy that I began to praise him. He fed me well and made me fat, so much so that I considered myself very beautiful and plump. He found my family to be such that they barely had a few goats (I was poor), then brought me into such a prosperous family that had horses and camels (i.e., they had both), oxen to plow and men to thresh grain (all were there). In his house, if I spoke, no one would find fault with me, and if I slept, I would sleep till morning, and if I drank water, I would drink with great satisfaction.
Abu Zar’s mother, i.e., my mother-in-law, she too was a very capable woman; her wardrobe was always full, and her house was spacious.
Abu Zar’s son, how good and delicate-bodied he was, thin and slender, he could sleep in the space of a drawn sword, and his food was so little that the foreleg of a four-month-old goat would fill his stomach.
Abu Zar’s daughter! Subhan Allah! Obedient to her parents, plump, so much so that she could fill her cloak. (Her appearance and character were such that) she was always a cause of anger and jealousy for her co-wife.
Abu Zar’s maidservant, she too was praiseworthy; she never spread our secrets, always kept the house’s secrets hidden, never stole food, never left trash in the house, always kept it clean and tidy.
One day it happened that Abu Zar went out at a time when the milk vessel was being churned. When he went out, he saw a woman with two children like leopards playing with two pomegranates under her arms. Seeing her, he divorced me and married her.
After that, I married a noble man who rode a swift horse and carried a sharp spear in his hand. He gave me many blessings and gave me a pair of every kind of livestock and said,“O Umm Zar’, eat yourself and feed your relatives as well (i.e., he allowed me to be generous).”Umm Zar’ says: Even if I gather all that he gave me, it would not equal even a small vessel of Abu Zar’.
Umm al-Mu’minin Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: (After hearing this whole story) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“I am to you as Abu Zar’ was to Umm Zar’.”(Benefit: In one narration, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“Abu Zar’ divorced Umm Zar’, but I will not do so.”Upon this, Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) replied:“May my parents be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! You treat me with even more kindness, love, and affection than Abu Zar’ did.”(Fath al-Bari: 9/276))
The first woman said: My husband is like the meat of a lean camel placed on the top of a mountain; neither is the path easy so that one may climb to the top, nor is the meat fat enough that one would endure hardship to bring it down.
The second said: If I begin to describe my husband, where would I stop? I fear I may not be able to describe everything, but if I do, I can mention all his open and hidden faults.
The third said: My husband is very tall; if I speak, I get divorced, and if I remain silent, he leaves me hanging (neither married nor divorced).
The fourth said: My husband is like the night of Tihamah (moderate)—neither too hot nor too cold (i.e., always the same), neither too fearful nor too sorrowful.
The fifth said: If my husband comes home, he is like a leopard, and when he goes out, he is like a lion (and so noble in temperament) that he never asks about what he has left behind.
The sixth said: My husband (is such a glutton) that if he eats, he finishes everything, and if he drinks, he gulps it all down, and when he sleeps, he lies alone; he never even reaches out his hand towards my stomach, nor does he ever inquire about my joys or sorrows.
The seventh said: My husband is misguided, weak-chested, and oppressive; every fault is present in him. (If he speaks) he may break my head or wound me, or do both.
The eighth said: My husband’s touch is like that of a rabbit (i.e., he has a delicate body), and his fragrance is like that of zar’nab (a kind of grass).
The ninth said: My husband is of high status (noble), with long soles, very generous; his house is near the assembly (a man of opinion).
The tenth said: My husband’s name is Malik (owner of property), and how can I praise Malik (he is above all the praises that come to mind)? At his house, there are many camels (for guests), and they rarely go to pasture, and when they hear the sound of the drum, they are sure they will be slaughtered (for guests).
The eleventh said: My husband is Abu Zar’ and what can I say about him! He made my ears heavy with jewelry and filled my arms with fat, and kept me so happy that I began to praise him. He fed me well and made me fat, so much so that I considered myself very beautiful and plump. He found my family to be such that they barely had a few goats (I was poor), then brought me into such a prosperous family that had horses and camels (i.e., they had both), oxen to plow and men to thresh grain (all were there). In his house, if I spoke, no one would find fault with me, and if I slept, I would sleep till morning, and if I drank water, I would drink with great satisfaction.
Abu Zar’s mother, i.e., my mother-in-law, she too was a very capable woman; her wardrobe was always full, and her house was spacious.
Abu Zar’s son, how good and delicate-bodied he was, thin and slender, he could sleep in the space of a drawn sword, and his food was so little that the foreleg of a four-month-old goat would fill his stomach.
Abu Zar’s daughter! Subhan Allah! Obedient to her parents, plump, so much so that she could fill her cloak. (Her appearance and character were such that) she was always a cause of anger and jealousy for her co-wife.
Abu Zar’s maidservant, she too was praiseworthy; she never spread our secrets, always kept the house’s secrets hidden, never stole food, never left trash in the house, always kept it clean and tidy.
One day it happened that Abu Zar went out at a time when the milk vessel was being churned. When he went out, he saw a woman with two children like leopards playing with two pomegranates under her arms. Seeing her, he divorced me and married her.
After that, I married a noble man who rode a swift horse and carried a sharp spear in his hand. He gave me many blessings and gave me a pair of every kind of livestock and said,“O Umm Zar’, eat yourself and feed your relatives as well (i.e., he allowed me to be generous).”Umm Zar’ says: Even if I gather all that he gave me, it would not equal even a small vessel of Abu Zar’.
Umm al-Mu’minin Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: (After hearing this whole story) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“I am to you as Abu Zar’ was to Umm Zar’.”(Benefit: In one narration, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“Abu Zar’ divorced Umm Zar’, but I will not do so.”Upon this, Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) replied:“May my parents be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! You treat me with even more kindness, love, and affection than Abu Zar’ did.”(Fath al-Bari: 9/276))
A woman should seek her husband's permission for voluntary fasting.
Narrated by Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) that he said: "It is not permissible for a woman to observe (voluntary) fasting when her husband is present except with his permission, nor should she allow anyone to enter his house without his consent. And if a woman spends (in the way of Allah) from her husband's wealth without his order, then he will get half of the reward."
Chapter.
Narrated by Sayyiduna Usama bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "I stood at the gate of Paradise and saw that most of those who entered it were the poor, while the wealthy were held back at the gate (for reckoning), except for those who were commanded to be sent to Hell. Then I stood at the gate of Hell and saw that generally, most of those who entered it were women."
Drawing lots among wives before traveling.
Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went out, he would draw lots among his wives. On one journey, the names of Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) came up, and it was the blessed habit of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that when he traveled at night, he would walk and talk with Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) said to Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), "Tonight, you ride my camel and I will ride your camel; you look at my camel and I will look at yours." Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) agreed. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to the camel of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), while Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) was sitting on it. He greeted Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) and then moved on. When they stopped at the destination and Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) did not find the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), she put both her feet in the grass (idhkhar) and said, "O Lord! Set a snake or a scorpion upon me so that it may bite me, and I may no longer have the strength or opportunity to complain to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."
If a man marries a virgin over a widow.
Narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: If I wished, I could say that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, but Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that it is the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that when a man marries a virgin after a widow, he should stay with her for seven days (then alternate between them), and when he marries a widow in the presence of a virgin, he should stay with her for three days (then alternate between them).
It is forbidden to claim to have things to spite co-wives.
Narrated from Sayyida Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) that a woman asked, "O Messenger of Allah! I have a co-wife. If I show off to her that my husband gives me more than he actually does, just to make her jealous, will I be sinful?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The one who pretends to have been given what was not given to her (as a deception) is like someone who wears two garments of falsehood."
On protective jealousy (Ghairah).
Lady Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: When Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) married me, he had no wealth, no land, nor any slaves, except for a camel that brought water and a horse, and nothing else. I used to graze his horse, give it water, sew his bucket, and knead the dough. I did not know how to bake bread, so my Ansari neighbors would bake bread for me; they were very virtuous women. I used to carry date stones on my head from Zubair’s land, which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had given him, and that place was two miles away from me. One day, as I was coming with the date stones on my head, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) met me. He was accompanied by some Companions. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called me and made the camel kneel down to seat me behind him. I felt shy to walk with men, and I remembered Zubair’s sense of honor, for he was a very jealous man. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) realized that Asma felt shy, so he moved on. I went to Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) and told him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had met me while I was carrying the load of date stones on my head, and he was accompanied by his Companions. He made the camel kneel down to seat me, but I felt shy and I know your sense of honor. He said,“By Allah! For you to be seen by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) carrying date stones on your head is more unpleasant to me than you riding with him.”Afterwards, Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sent me a servant, who began to look after the horse, as if he had set me free.
Narrated by Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "Allah has a sense of honor, and Allah's sense of honor is provoked when a believer does something which Allah has forbidden."
Women's jealousy and anger.
Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "I know when you are pleased with me and when you are angry with me." Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says that I asked: "How do you recognize this, O Messenger of Allah?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you are pleased with me, (while swearing an oath) you say, 'By the Lord of Muhammad,' and when you are angry with me, you say, 'By the Lord of Ibrahim.'" Umm al-Mu'mineen Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says that I said, "Yes, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah! I only leave your name (but not your love)."