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Biography: Imam Muslim (rh)
مختصر صحيح مسلم
Mukhtasar Sahih Muslim
The caliph should be from Quraysh.
 Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This matter, that is, the caliphate, will always remain among the Quraysh until only two men remain in the world.


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Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: In government, all people are subordinate to the Quraysh, and the Muslims are subordinate to the Muslim Quraysh, and the disbelievers are subordinate to the disbelieving Quraysh (that is, they are more deserving of leadership and authority).


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Sayyiduna ‘Amir bin Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I wrote to my servant Nafi’ and sent him to Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) asking him to narrate to me what he had heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He says: In reply, he wrote that I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the evening of that Friday, the day Ma’iz Aslami was stoned, that he was saying:“This religion will always remain established until the Day of Resurrection is established or there are twelve caliphs over you, and all of them will be from the Quraysh.”(Perhaps this will also happen near the Day of Resurrection, that at one time there will be twelve caliphs of the Muslims over twelve groups.) And I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:“A small group of Muslims will conquer the white palace of Kisra.”(This was a miracle, and it happened during the caliphate of Sayyiduna ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him.) And I heard that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“Before the Day of Resurrection, liars will appear, so beware of them.”And I heard that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“When Allah gives wealth to any one of you, he should first spend on himself and his family (keep them comfortable, then give to the poor).”And I heard that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said:“I will be waiting for you at the Hawd (Pond) of Kawthar (i.e., I will arrange for you to be given water there and will be waiting for your arrival).”


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On appointing or not appointing a successor.
`Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that I went to Umm al-Mu’minin Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) and she said,“Do you know that your father will not appoint anyone as caliph?”I said,“He will not do so.”She said,“He will surely do so.”I swore that I would mention this to him. Then I remained silent; even the next morning I could not say it to him, but I felt as if I was carrying a mountain in my hand (such was the burden of the oath). Finally, I returned to him; he began asking me about the people’s condition, and I kept informing him. Then I said,“I have heard something from the people and have sworn that I will mention it to you. They think that you will not appoint anyone as caliph. If you had a shepherd for your camels or goats, and then he came to you leaving those camels and goats behind, would you not think that those animals have been ruined? In that case, the matter of people is even more important.”My saying this made him thoughtful, and for a while he kept his head bowed (pondering). Then he raised his head and said,“Allah, Glorious and Majestic, will protect His religion. If I do not appoint a caliph, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not appoint anyone as caliph. And if I do appoint a caliph, then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) appointed a caliph.”Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said,“By Allah, when he mentioned the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), I understood that he would not equate anyone with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he would not appoint a caliph.”


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Fulfilling the pledge to the first caliph.
Abu Hazim says: I sat with Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) for five years, and I heard him narrate from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) that the affairs/government of the Children of Israel used to be managed by the Prophets. Whenever a Prophet passed away, another Prophet would succeed him. And the situation is that after me there will be no Prophet, rather there will be Caliphs and they will be many. The people asked, "Then what do you command us to do?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Fulfill the pledge of allegiance to the first one to whom you give your pledge, and give them their due right, and Allah the Exalted will question them about what He entrusted to them.


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Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abd Rabb al-Ka'bah says: I entered the mosque and there Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) was sitting in the shade of the Ka'bah and people were gathered around him. I also went and sat down, so he said: We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We stopped at a place, and some began to set up their tents, some started shooting arrows, and some were tending to their animals, when suddenly the caller of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called for prayer. We all gathered around him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There has not passed any prophet before me except that it was obligatory upon him to tell his ummah the best thing that he knew for them, and to warn them against the evil that he knew. And for this ummah of yours, its first part is safety, and its last part will be trials, and there will be things you will dislike, and there will come such tribulations that each one will make the previous one seem lighter and thinner (i.e., the later tribulation will be so much greater that the earlier one will seem insignificant in comparison). And when a tribulation comes, the believer will say: In this is my destruction. Then it will pass, and another will come, and the believer will say: In this is my destruction. So whoever wishes to be saved from Hell and enter Paradise, let his death come to him while he believes in Allah and the Last Day, and let him treat people as he would love to be treated by them. And whoever gives allegiance to an imam, giving him his hand and the intention of obedience from his heart, then he must obey him if he is able. But if another comes to dispute with him, then (forbid him, and if he does not desist without fighting) strike his neck. Hearing this, I went to Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: I ask you by Allah, did you hear this from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He pointed with his hand to his ears and his heart and said: My ears heard it and my heart retained it. I said: Your cousin Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) commands us to unjustly consume each other's wealth and to destroy our lives, and Allah the Exalted says: "O you who believe! Do not consume one another's wealth unjustly, except by way of trade with mutual consent, and do not kill yourselves. Surely Allah is Merciful to you." (An-Nisa: 29). Hearing this, Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) remained silent for a while, then said: Obey Muawiyah in that matter which is in accordance with Allah's command, and in that which is against Allah's command, do not obey Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him).


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Ruling if two caliphs are pledged allegiance.
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When allegiance is pledged to two caliphs, kill the one to whom allegiance was pledged later (because his caliphate is invalid while the first caliph exists).


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All are shepherds and responsible for their flocks.
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Each of you is a guardian, and each of you will be questioned about his subjects. (By guardian is meant administrator, overseer, and protector.) Then, whoever is a king is a guardian over the people, and he will be questioned about his subjects (whether he fulfilled their rights, protected their lives and property or not). And a man is a guardian over the members of his household, and he will be questioned about them. And a woman is a guardian over her husband’s house and children, and she will be questioned about them. And a servant is a guardian over his master’s wealth, and he will be questioned about it. In short, each of you is a guardian, and each of you will be questioned about his subjects.


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Dislike of seeking and being greedy for leadership.
`Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Samurah رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said to me: O Abdur Rahman! Do not ask for any position or authority, because if you are given (authority/position) as a result of your request, you will be left to it (on your own); but if you are given it without asking (requesting), then Allah Almighty will help you.


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Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: O Abu Dharr! I find you weak, and I like for you what I like for myself. Do not judge between two people, and do not take charge of the property of an orphan (because there is a possibility that the orphan's wealth may be misused or consumed for your own needs, and you may be held accountable).


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