المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب قتال أهل البغي وهو آخر الجهاد
Book of Fighting the Rebels, the Last Book of Jihad
صفات الخوارج وحكم قتلهم .
The characteristics of the Khawarij and the ruling on killing them
Hadith Number: 2680
اخبرنا ابو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الزاهد، حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن بحر البري، حدثنا ابي، حدثنا هشام بن يوسف الصنعاني، عن معمر، عن قتادة، عن انس، ان النبي ﷺ قال:"سيكون في امتي اختلاف وفرقة، وسيجيء قوم يعجبونكم وتعجبهم انفسهم، الذين يقتلونهم اولى بالله منهم، يحسنون القيل ويسيئون الفعل، يدعون إلى الله، وليسوا من الله في شيء، فإذا لقيتموهم فانيموهم" قالوا: يا رسول الله، انعتهم لنا، قال:"آيتهم الحلق والتسبيت" يعني: استئصال القصير (1)، قال: والتسبيت: استئصال الشعر (2).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه. وقد روى هذا الحديث الاوزاعي عن قتادة عن انس، وهو صحيح على شرط الشيخين:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2648 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه. وقد روى هذا الحديث الاوزاعي عن قتادة عن انس، وهو صحيح على شرط الشيخين:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 2648 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Soon there will be disagreement and division in my Ummah, and people will come who will amaze you (with their devotion) and who will be pleased with themselves. Those who kill them will be closer to Allah than they are. They will speak very well, but their deeds will be very bad; they will call to Allah, but they will have no connection with Allah. So when you find them, put them to eternal sleep (kill them)." The Companions said: O Messenger of Allah, tell us their signs. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Their sign is shaving the head and tasbit," that is, removing the hair from the roots.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it. Imam al-Awza'i also narrated it from Qatadah, from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), and it too is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs.
تخریج الحدیث: [ترقيم الرساله 2680] [ترقيم الشركة 2663] [ترقيم العلميه 2648]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 2680 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In manuscripts (S) and (B) the word is "al-taqsir" (shortening the hair), but what is in manuscript (Z) is correct (i.e. removing the hair). It means removing short hair from the root, as is stated explicitly in the narration of Musnad Ahmad (20/13036).
(1) في (ص) و (ب): التقصير، والمثبت من (ز) هو الوجه، والمعنى: استئصال الشعر القصير، كما صرَّح به في رواية أحمد (20/ 13036).
Grading: Its chain is "sahih".
(2) إسناده صحيح.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad (20/13036) narrated it via Rabah bin Zayd al-San'ani, and Abu Dawud (4766) and Ibn Majah (175) via 'Abd al-Razzaq; both of them narrate it from Ma'mar (bin Rashid).
وأخرجه أحمد (20/ 13036) من طريق رباح بن زيد الصنعاني، وأبو داود (4766)، وابن ماجه (175) من طريق عبد الرزاق، كلاهما عن معمر، به.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This narration will also come next via Imam al-Awza'i from Qatadah.
وسيأتي بعده من طريق الأوزاعي عن قتادة.
Grading: The mursal of a Companion is "hujjah" (proof) by agreement of the scholars.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam Ahmad (12886) and (12972) narrated something similar via Sulayman al-Taymi from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: "It was mentioned to me that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said this, but I did not hear it from him myself". Whereas in the narration of Khalaf bin Khalifah from Hafs, the nephew of Anas, from his uncle (Musnad Ahmad 12615), Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I bear witness that I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)". We think this is a "wahm" (error) of Khalaf bin Khalifah, because he changed and suffered ikhtilat (memory confusion) late in life, and Sulayman al-Taymi, who is more reliable than him, contradicted him and made clear that Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) did not hear this directly.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam Ahmad (12886) and (12972) narrated something similar via Sulayman al-Taymi from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: "It was mentioned to me that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said this, but I did not hear it from him myself". Whereas in the narration of Khalaf bin Khalifah from Hafs, the nephew of Anas, from his uncle (Musnad Ahmad 12615), Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I bear witness that I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)". We think this is a "wahm" (error) of Khalaf bin Khalifah, because he changed and suffered ikhtilat (memory confusion) late in life, and Sulayman al-Taymi, who is more reliable than him, contradicted him and made clear that Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) did not hear this directly.
وأخرجه بنحوه أحمد (12886) و (12972) من طريق سليمان التيمي، عن أنس بن مالك، قال: ذُكر لي أنَّ نبي الله ﷺ قال - ولم أسمعه منه - فذكره. ومرسل الصحابي حجّة باتفاق أهل العلم. ¤ ¤ وأخرجه بنحوه أيضًا أحمد (12615) من طريق خلف بن خليفة، عن حفص ابن أخي أنس بن مالك، عن عمِّه، وقال في هذه الرواية: أشهدُ لَسمعتُ رسول الله ﷺ. ونظن ذلك وهمًا من خلف بن خليفة، فإنه كان قد تَغيَّر واختلط، وخالفه التيمي، وهو أوثق منه فبيَّن أنس في روايته أنه لم يسمع هذا الخبرَ من النبي ﷺ.
