المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
قصة غزوة أحد
The story of the Battle of Uhud
Hadith Number: 3201
اخبرني ابو النضر الفقيه، حدثنا عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي، حدثنا سليمان بن داود بن علي بن عبد الله بن عباس بن عبد المطلب، حدثنا عبد الرحمن ابن ابي الزناد، عن ابيه، عن عبيد الله بن عبد الله بن عتبة، عن ابن عباس انه قال: ما نصر النبي ﷺ في موطن كما نصر في احد، قال: فانكرنا ذلك، فقال ابن عباس: بيني وبين من انكر ذلك كتاب الله ﷿، إن الله ﷿ يقول في يوم احد: ﴿ولقد صدقكم الله وعده إذ تحسونهم بإذنه﴾، يقول ابن عباس: والحس: القتل ﴿حتى إذا فشلتم وتنازعتم في الامر وعصيتم من بعد ما اراكم ما تحبون منكم من يريد الدنيا ومنكم من يريد الآخرة ثم صرفكم عنهم ليبتليكم ولقد عفا عنكم والله ذو فضل على المؤمنين﴾ (آل عمران: 152]، وإنما عنى بهذا الرماة، وذلك ان النبي ﷺ اقامهم في موضع ثم قال:"احموا ظهورنا، فإن رايتمونا نقتل فلا تنصرونا، وإن رايتمونا قد غنمنا فلا تشركونا"، فلما غنم رسول الله ﷺ واباحوا عسكر المشركين، انكفت الرماة جميعا فدخلوا في العسكر ينتهبون، وقد التقت صفوف اصحاب النبي ﷺ فهم هكذا -وشبك اصابع يديه- والتبسوا، فلما اخل الرماة تلك الخلة التي كانوا فيها، دخل الخيل من ذلك الموضع على اصحاب النبي ﷺ، فضرب بعضهم بعضا والتبسوا، وقتل من المسلمين ناس كثير، وقد كان لرسول الله ﷺ واصحابه اول النهار حتى قتل من اصحاب لواء المشركين سبعة او تسعة. وجال المسلمون جولة نحو الجبل، ولم يبلغوا -حيث يقول الناس- الغاب، إنما كان تحت المهراس (1)، وصاح الشيطان: قتل محمد، فلم نشك فيه انه حق، فما زلنا كذلك ما نشك انه قد قتل حتى طلع رسول الله ﷺ بين السعدين (2) نعرفه بتكفئه إذا مشى، قال: ففرحنا حتى كانه لم يصبنا ما اصابنا، قال: فرقي نحونا وهو يقول:"اشتد غضب الله على قوم دموا وجه رسول الله"، قال: ويقول مرة اخرى:"اللهم إنه ليس لهم ان يعلونا"، حتى انتهى إلينا. قال: فمكث ساعة، فإذا ابو سفيان يصيح في اسفل الجبل: اعل هبل، اعل هبل - يعني: آلهته - اين ابن ابي كبشة؟ اين ابن ابي قحافة؟ اين ابن الخطاب؟ فقال عمر: يا رسول الله، الا اجيبه؟ قال:"بلى" فلما قال: اعل هبل، قال عمر: الله اعلى واجل، فقال ابو سفيان: يا ابن الخطاب، إنه يوم الصمت، فعاد فقال: اين ابن ابي كبشة؟ اين ابن ابي قحافة؟ اين ابن الخطاب؟ فقال عمر: هذا رسول الله ﷺ، وهذا ابو بكر، وها انا ذا عمر، فقال ابو سفيان: يوم بيوم بدر، الايام دول، والحرب سجال، فقال عمر: لا سواء، قتلانا في الجنة وقتلاكم في النار، قال: إنكم لتزعمون ذلك، لقد خبنا إذا وخسرنا، ثم قال ابو سفيان: اما إنكم سوف تجدون في قتلاكم مثلة، ولم يكن ذلك عن راي سراتنا، ثم ادركته حمية الجاهلية فقال: اما إنه إذا كان ذاك لم نكرهه (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3163 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3163 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was not helped in any place as he was helped on the day of Uhud. The narrator said: We expressed surprise at this, so Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Between me and whoever denies this is the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says about the day of Uhud: "And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them (the disbelievers) by His permission" [Surah Al Imran: 152] . Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that "al-hass" means killing. "Until, when you lost courage and disputed about the order and disobeyed after He had shown you what you loved. Among you were some who desired this world, and among you were some who desired the Hereafter. Then He turned you back from them that He might test you. And He has certainly pardoned you, and Allah is full of bounty to the believers." By this verse the archers were meant. What happened was that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stationed them at a particular place and said: "Protect our backs. If you see us being killed, do not come to our help, and if you see that we have taken spoils, do not join us (without an order)." But when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gained the spoils and the camp of the idolaters was overrun, all the archers turned away and entered the camp to plunder. Meanwhile, the ranks of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) were intermingled, and they were entangled like this (Ibn Abbas interlaced the fingers of both his hands). So when the archers left empty the gap where they had been posted, the horsemen of the idolaters attacked the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from that place, causing such confusion that they began striking one another, and by the Muslims' own hands their own people were wounded, and many Muslims were martyred. At the start of the day the upper hand belonged to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions, to the extent that seven or nine of the standard-bearers of the idolaters were killed. Then the Muslims fell back towards the mountain; they did not reach the place that people call "al-Ghab," but rather they were below "al-Mihras" (a mountain hollow). Meanwhile Satan cried out: "Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has been killed!" We had no doubt that it was true. We remained in this state until the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appeared between "the two Sa'ds" (Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh and Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Ubadah). We recognised him (peace and blessings be upon him) by his particular gait. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: We were so happy that it was as if no hardship had befallen us. He (peace and blessings be upon him) came up towards us, saying: "Severe is the wrath of Allah upon a people who bloodied the face of the Messenger of Allah." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: "O Allah, it is not for them to prevail over us." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) reached us and stayed for a while. Suddenly Abu Sufyan began shouting from the foot of the mountain: "U'lu Hubal, u'lu Hubal," meaning: O Hubal (the idol), be exalted! Then he called out: "Where is Ibn Abi Kabshah (Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him)? Where is Ibn Abi Quhafah (Abu Bakr)? Where is Ibn al-Khattab?" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, shall I not answer him? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes." So when he said "U'lu Hubal," Sayyiduna Umar replied: "Allah is the Most High and Most Majestic." Abu Sufyan said: O Ibn al-Khattab, this is the day of silence (that is, it is the answer to Badr). Then he called out again: "Where is Ibn Abi Kabshah? Where is Ibn Abi Quhafah? Where is Ibn al-Khattab?" Sayyiduna Umar replied: "This is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), this is Abu Bakr, and here I am, Umar." Abu Sufyan said: "This day is in return for the day of Badr. Days alternate, and war goes in turns (like a bucket, sometimes this way, sometimes that)." Sayyiduna Umar said: "We are not equal: our slain are in Paradise and yours are in the Fire." Abu Sufyan said: "That is what you claim; if it is so, then we have indeed failed and lost." Then Abu Sufyan said: "You will soon find mutilation (muthlah, cutting off noses and ears) among your slain. This was not the decision of our chiefs, (but now that it has happened) we do not dislike it either," for the zeal of the Time of Ignorance had overtaken him.
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, and the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده حسن من أجل عبد الرحمن بن أبي الزناد.» [ترقيم الرساله 3201] [ترقيم الشركة 3181] [ترقيم العلميه 3163]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 3201 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Note / Clarification: It is a water source at Uhud.
(1) هو ماءٌ بأُحد.
Note / Clarification: The two of them are Sa'd bin Ubadah and Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with them), as in "Maghazi al-Waqidi" (1/ 294).
(2) هما سعد بن عبادة وسعد بن معاذ كما في "مغازي الواقدي" 1/ 294.
Grading: Its chain is hasan because of Abd al-Rahman bin Abi al-Zinad.
(1) إسناده حسن من أجل عبد الرحمن بن أبي الزناد.
Reference / Source: Ahmad recorded it (4/ (2609)) from Sulayman bin Dawud al-Hashimi with this chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 4/ (2609) عن سليمان بن داود الهاشمي، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Only his saying "The wrath of Allah became severe upon a people who bloodied the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)" was recorded by al-Bukhari (4074) and (4076) by way of Amr bin Dinar, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, as mawquf on him.
وأخرج منه قوله: "اشتدَّ غضب الله على قوم دَمَّوا وجه رسول الله" فقط، البخاري (4074) و (4076) من طريق عمرو بن دينار، عن عكرمة عن ابن عبَّاس موقوفًا عليه.