المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
شأن نزول آية ( ما جعل الله لرجل من قلبين فى جوفه )
The occasion of revelation of the verse "Allah has not made for any man two hearts in his breast"
Hadith Number: 3599
اخبرني ابو الحسن محمد بن علي بن بكر العدل، حدثنا الحسين بن الفضل البجلي، حدثنا شبابة بن سوار، حدثني إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة، عن عمه موسى بن طلحة قال: بينا عائشة بنت طلحة تقول لامها ام كلثوم بنت ابي بكر: ابي خير من ابيك، فقالت عائشة ام المؤمنين: الا اقضي بينكما، إن ابا بكر دخل على النبي ﷺ فقال:"يا ابا بكر، انت عتيق الله من النار"، قالت: فمن يومئذ سمي عتيقا، ودخل طلحة على النبي ﷺ فقال:"انت يا طلحة ممن قضى نحبه" (3). صحيح الإسناد ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3557 - بل إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة متروك قاله احمد
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3557 - بل إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة متروك قاله احمد
It is narrated from Musa bin Talhah that (once) Aishah bint Talhah was saying to her mother, Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr: "My father (Talhah) is better than your father (Abu Bakr)." So the Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), said: "Shall I not judge between you? When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Abu Bakr, you are the one freed by Allah from the Fire ('Atiq Allah)." So from that day he came to be called 'Atiq. "And when Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Talhah, you are among those who have fulfilled their vow (the pledge to sacrifice their lives)."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده بهذا السِّياق ضعيف جدًّا من أجل إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة فإنه متروك الحديث، وبه أعلَّه الذهبي في "تلخيصه".» [ترقيم الرساله 3599] [ترقيم الشركة 3578] [ترقيم العلميه 3557]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 3599 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: With this wording its chain is da'if jiddan (very weak).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is "Ishaq bin Yahya bin Talhah", who is matruk al-hadith (abandoned in hadith), and al-Dhahabi pointed to him as the defect in "al-Talkhis".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is "Ishaq bin Yahya bin Talhah", who is matruk al-hadith (abandoned in hadith), and al-Dhahabi pointed to him as the defect in "al-Talkhis".
(3) إسناده بهذا السِّياق ضعيف جدًّا من أجل إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة فإنه متروك الحديث، وبه أعلَّه الذهبي في "تلخيصه".
Reference / Source: Ishaq bin Rahawayh recorded it in his "Musnad" (as in "al-Matalib al-Aliyah" 3870) from Shababah bin Sawwar, with this same chain.
Note / Clarification: It will come in the author's work at (5711) via Ibn Wahb, from Ishaq bin Yahya, from his paternal uncle Isa bin Talhah bin Ubayd Allah, and he mentioned the story.
Note / Clarification: It will come in the author's work at (5711) via Ibn Wahb, from Ishaq bin Yahya, from his paternal uncle Isa bin Talhah bin Ubayd Allah, and he mentioned the story.
وأخرجه إسحاق بن راهويه في "مسنده" كما في "المطالب العالية" (3870) عن شبابة بن سوّار، بهذا الإسناد. وسيأتي عند المصنف برقم (5711) من طريق ابن وهب عن إسحاق بن يحيى عن عمه عيسى بن طلحة بن عبيد الله … فذكر القصة.
Note / Clarification: It will come in abridged form, with the story of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) being named "Atiq", at number (4452) by another route, which includes "Salih bin Musa al-Talhi", who is also matruk.
وسيأتي مختصرًا بقصة تسمية أبي بكر بعتيق برقم (4452) من وجه آخر، وفيه صالح بن موسى الطلحي وهو متروك أيضًا.
Reference / Source: Likewise al-Tirmidhi (3679) recorded it in abridged form via Ma'n bin Isa, from Ishaq bin Yahya bin Talhah, from his paternal uncle Ishaq bin Talhah, from A'ishah, the Mother of the Believers, and he called it "gharib".
وأخرجه كذلك مختصرًا الترمذي (3679) من طريق معن بن عيسى، عن إسحاق بن يحيى بن طلحة، عن عمه إسحاق بن طلحة، عن عائشة أم المؤمنين. وقال: حديث غريب.
Reference / Source: Ishaq bin Yahya also narrated from his paternal uncle Musa bin Talhah, from Mu'awiyah bin Abi Sufyan, as marfu': "Talhah is among those who have fulfilled their vow." Ibn Majah (126, 127) and al-Tirmidhi (3202) recorded it.
وقد روى إسحاق بن يحيى أيضًا عن عمِّه موسى بن طلحة، عن معاوية بن أبي سفيان رفعه قال: "طلحة ممن قضى نحبه". أخرجه ابن ماجه (126) و (127)، والترمذي (3202).
Reference / Source: This phrase has been narrated with a hasan chain in al-Tirmidhi (3203) via Talhah bin Yahya, from his two paternal uncles Musa and Isa (the sons of Talhah), from their father Talhah. Al-Tirmidhi graded it hasan.
وهذا الحرف قد روي بإسناد حسن عند الترمذي برقم (3203) من طريق طلحة بن يحيى، عن عمَّيه موسى وعيسى ابني طلحة بن عبيد الله، عن أبيهما طلحة ﵁. وحسَّنه الترمذي.
Reference / Source: As for the part about naming Abu Bakr "Atiq", it has been narrated with a strong chain in Ibn Hibban (6864) from the hadith of Abd Allah bin al-Zubayr.
وأما الحرف الذي فيه ذكر تسمية أبي بكر بعتيق، فقد روي بإسناد قوي عند ابن حبان (6864) من حديث عبد الله بن الزبير.
Note / Clarification: The words "those who have fulfilled their vow" allude to the verse: "Among the believers are men who have been true to what they pledged to Allah; among them is he who has fulfilled his vow, and among them is he who is waiting" [al-Ahzab: 23]. "Nahb" means a pledge or vow.
قوله: "ممَّن قضى نحبه" يشير إلى قوله تعالى: ﴿مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَضَى نَحْبَهُ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَظِرُ﴾ [الأحزاب: 23]، والنَّحْب: العهد.
