المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب الهجرة
Book of the Hijrah
ذكر معاشرة أهل الصفة
Mention of living together with the people of the Suffah
Hadith Number: 4337
حدثنا ابو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا احمد بن عبد الجبار، حدثنا يونس بن بكير، عن عمر بن ذر قال: حدثنا مجاهد، عن ابي هريرة قال: كان اهل الصفة اضياف الإسلام، لا ياوون إلى اهل ولا مال، ووالله الذي لا إله إلا هو إن كنت لاعتمد بكبدي إلى الارض من الجوع، واشد الحجر على بطني من الجوع، ولقد قعدت يوما على طريقهم الذي يخرجون فيه، فمر بي ابو بكر فسالته عن آية من كتاب الله ما اساله إلا ليستتبعني، فمر ولم يفعل، ثم مر عمر، فسالته عن آية من كتاب الله ما اساله إلا ليستتبعني، فمر ولم يفعل، ثم مر ابو القاسم ﷺ فتبسم حين رآني، وقال:"ابا هر" قلت: لبيك يا رسول الله، فقال:"الحق" ومضى، فاتبعته، ودخل منزله، فاستاذنته فاذن لي، فوجد لبنا في قدح، فقال:"من اين لكم هذا اللبن؟" فقيل: اهداه لنا فلان، فقال رسول الله ﷺ:"ابا هر" فقلت: لبيك، فقال:"الحق اهل الصفة فادعهم"، فهم اضياف الإسلام، لا ياوون على اهل ولا على مال، إذا اتته صدقة بعث بها إليهم ولم يتناول منها شيئا، وإذا اتته هدية ارسل إليهم، فاصاب منها واشركهم فيها، فساءني ذلك، وقلت: ما هذا القدح بين اهل الصفة، وانا رسوله إليهم، فيامرني ان ادوره عليهم، فما عسى ان يصيبني منه، وقد كنت ارجو ان يصيبني منه ما يغنيني؟ ولم يكن بد من طاعة الله وطاعة رسوله ﷺ، فاتيتهم فدعوتهم. فلما دخلوا عليه، واخذوا مجالسهم قال:"ابا هر، خذ القدح فاعطهم" فاخذت القدح فجعلت انا وله الرجل، فيشرب حتى يروى، ثم يرده، وانا وله الآخر فيشرب، حتى انتهيت به إلى رسول الله ﷺ وقد روي القوم كلهم، فاخذ رسول الله ﷺ القدح فوضعه على يديه، ثم رفع راسه إلي فتبسم، وقال:"ابا هر"، فقلت: لبيك يا رسول الله، فقال:"اقعد فاشرب"، فشربت، ثم قال:"اشرب" فشربت، ثم قال:"اشرب" فشربت، فلم ازل اشرب ويقول:"اشرب" حتى قلت: والذي بعثك بالحق ما اجد له مسلكا، فاخذ القدح، فحمد الله وسمى ثم شرب (1). صحيح على شرط الشيخين ولم يخرجاه بهذه السياقة (2).
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4291 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4291 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The people of the Suffah were the guests of Islam; they had neither family home nor wealth. By Allah, besides whom there is no god! I used to press my liver (stomach) against the ground because of the severity of hunger, and sometimes I would tie a stone over my stomach because of hunger. One day I sat on the path by which they used to come out. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by, so I asked him about a verse from the Book of Allah, and my only purpose was that he would take me along with him (so that I might get something to eat), but he passed by and did not do so. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by, and I asked him too about a verse from the Book of Allah, and my purpose was the same, that he would take me along with him, but he too passed by and did not do so. Then Abu al-Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him) came by; he smiled when he saw me and said: "O Abu Hurayrah!" I said: O Messenger of Allah, here I am at your service. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Come with me," and he (peace and blessings be upon him) went ahead, and I followed him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) entered his house; I asked permission and was granted permission. There was some milk in a bowl. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Where did you get this milk from?" It was said that such-and-such a person had sent it to you as a gift. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Hurayrah!" I said: Labbayk (here I am). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go to the people of the Suffah and call them here." They were the guests of Islam; they had neither home nor wealth. When charity (sadaqah) came to him (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) would send it to them and would not partake of any of it himself; and when a gift came, he would send for them, and he would partake of it himself and share it with them as well. This (calling them) displeased me somewhat, and I said (to myself): What is this one bowl among all the people of the Suffah? I am only the messenger sent to call them; he (peace and blessings be upon him) will command me and I will pass this bowl around among them, so what will be left for me from it? And I had hoped to get from it enough to satisfy my need. But there was no choice except to obey Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). So I went to them and called them. When they came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and took their seats, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Hurayrah! Take the bowl and give it to them." I took the bowl and began giving it to one person after another; that person would drink until he was satisfied, then return the bowl, until I reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and all the people had drunk their fill. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took the bowl and placed it on his blessed hands, then raised his blessed head towards me, smiled and said: "O Abu Hurayrah!" I said: Labbayk, O Messenger of Allah! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Now sit down and drink." I drank. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Drink," and I drank again. He (peace and blessings be upon him) kept on saying: "Drink," until I said: By the One who sent you with the truth! I no longer find any room for it (the milk). Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) took the bowl, praised Allah, said "Bismillah" and drank it himself.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it with this wording.
تخریج الحدیث: «حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد حسن من أجل أحمد بن عبد الجبار» [ترقيم الرساله 4337] [ترقيم الشركة 4314] [ترقيم العلميه 4291]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 4337 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) This hadith is sahih, and this chain is hasan because of "Ahmad bin Abd al-Jabbar" (al-Utaridi), and he has been corroborated. Mujahid is "Ibn Jabr al-Makki".
(1) حديث صحيح، وهذا إسناد حسن من أجل أحمد بن عبد الجبار - وهو العطاردي - وقد توبع. مجاهد: هو ابن جَبر المكي.
Reference / Source: Al-Tirmidhi (2477) narrated it through the route of Hannad bin al-Sari from Yunus bin Bukayr, with this same chain.
Grading: And he said: "This hadith is sahih."
Grading: And he said: "This hadith is sahih."
وأخرجه الترمذي (2477) عن هَنّاد بن السَّرِي، عن يونس بن بكير، بهذا الإسناد. وقال: حديث صحيح.
Reference / Source: Ahmad (16/10679), al-Bukhari (6246 and 6452), al-Nasa'i (11808) and Ibn Hibban (6535) narrated it through various routes from Umar bin Dharr, with this same chain.
وأخرجه أحمد 16/ (10679)، والبخاري (6246) و (6452)، والنسائي (11808)، وابن حبان (6535) من طرق عن عمر بن ذر، به.
Reference / Source: Al-Bukhari (5375) and Ibn Hibban (7151) narrated it in abridged form through the route of Abu Hazim Salman al-Ashja'i from Abu Hurayrah.
Details of the narration: At its end, Abu Hurayrah says: "I met Umar and told him what had happened to me, and I said: O Umar, Allah entrusted it to one (the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) who was more deserving of it than you! By Allah, I had asked you to recite the verse to me, even though I knew it better than you. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, had I taken you in (and fed you), it would have been dearer to me than owning red camels."
Details of the narration: At its end, Abu Hurayrah says: "I met Umar and told him what had happened to me, and I said: O Umar, Allah entrusted it to one (the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) who was more deserving of it than you! By Allah, I had asked you to recite the verse to me, even though I knew it better than you. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, had I taken you in (and fed you), it would have been dearer to me than owning red camels."
وأخرجه بنحوه مختصرًا البخاري (5375)، وابن حبان (7151) من طريق أبي حازم سلمان الأشجعي، عن أبي هريرة. وفي آخره قال أبو هريرة: فلقيتُ عمر، وذكرت له الذي كان من أمري، وقلت له: فولّى الله من كان أحق به منك يا عمر، والله لقد استقرأتك الآية، ولأنا أقرأ لها منك، قال عمر: والله لأن أكون أدخلتك أحب إليَّ من أن يكون لي مثل حمر النعم.
Note / Clarification: His word "a'tamidu bi-kabidi ila al-ard": that is, I would press my belly to the ground (from severe hunger), or it is a metaphor for falling to the ground unconscious.
وقوله: أعتمد بكبدي إلى الأرض، أي: ألصق بطني بالأرض، أو هو كناية عن سقوطه إلى الأرض مغشيًا عليه.
Reference / Source: (2) Al-Bukhari narrated it with a wording very close to it.
(2) قد أخرجه البخاري بسياق قريب جدًّا منه.