المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
عمر رضى الله عنه على سجدة الدهقان والنهي عن لبس الديباج والحرير والشرب فى آنية الذهب والفضة
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and the prostration of the dihqan, and the prohibition of wearing brocade and silk and drinking from vessels of gold and silver
Hadith Number: 4532
واخبرنا ابو بكر، اخبرنا ابو المثنى، حدثنا مسدد، حدثنا ابو الاحوص، حدثنا مسلم الاعور، عن ابي وائل، قال: غزوت مع عمر الشام، فنزلنا منزلا، فجاء دهقان يستدل على امير المؤمنين، حتى اتاه، فلما راى الدهقان عمر سجد، فقال عمر: ما هذا السجود؟! فقال: هكذا نفعل بالملوك، فقال عمر: اسجد لربك الذي خلقك، فقال: يا امير المؤمنين، إني قد صنعت لك طعاما فاتني، قال: فقال عمر: هل في بيتك من تصاوير العجم؟ قال: نعم، قال: لا حاجة لي في بيتك، ولكن انطلق فابعث لنا بلون من الطعام ولا تزدنا عليه، قال: فانطلق فبعث إليه بطعام، فاكل منه، ثم قال عمر الغلامه: هل في إداوتك شيء من ذلك النبيذ؟ قال: نعم، فآتاه فصبه في إناء، ثم شمه فوجده منكر الريح، فصب عليه ماء، ثم شمه فوجده منكر الريح، فصب عليه الماء ثلاث مرات، ثم شربه، ثم قال: إذا رابكم من شرابكم شيء فافعلوا به هكذا، ثم قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول:"لا تلبسوا الديباج والحرير، ولا تشربوا في آنية الفضة والذهب، فإنها لهم في الدنيا، ولنا في الآخرة" (1) صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4482 - مسلم الاعور تركوه
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4482 - مسلم الاعور تركوه
It is narrated from Abu Wa'il; he said: I took part in a military expedition with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) in Syria. We halted at a place, and a great landowner (dihqan) of that area came asking the way to the Amir al-Mu'minin. When he saw Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he began to prostrate (out of reverence). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "What is this prostration?" He said: This is what we do with our kings. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Prostrate to your Lord who created you." He said: O Amir al-Mu'minin, I have prepared food for you, so come to my house. The narrator said: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Are there pictures (made) by the non-Arabs in your house?" He said: Yes. He said: "I have no need to go to your house; rather, go and send us one kind of food, and do not add anything more to it." So he went and sent the food, and he ate from it. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked his servant: "Is there any of that nabidh in your water-skin?" He said: Yes. He brought it and poured it into a vessel. He smelled it and found its smell unpleasant, so he poured water into it; then he smelled it again and the smell was still unpleasant. He added water to it three times (in all), then he drank it and said: "When you have a doubt (because of its strength) about anything you drink, do the same with it." Then he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Do not wear brocade and silk, and do not drink from vessels of gold and silver, for these are for them (the disbelievers) in this world and will be for us in the Hereafter."
This hadith has an authentic (sahih) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، مسلم الأعور - وهو ابن كيسان - قال الذهبي في "تلخيصه": مسلم تركوه. قلنا: واختُلف عليه أيضًا، فرواه جَرير بن عبد الحميد عنه عن أبي وائل عن رجل من قومه عن عمر، فإذا صحَّ ذلك كان في الإسناد رجل مبهم أيضًا.» [ترقيم الرساله 4532] [ترقيم الشركة 4508] [ترقيم العلميه 4482]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 4532 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: Its chain is "very weak", because it contains "Muslim al-A'war" (Ibn Kaysan), about whom al-Dhahabi said in "al-Talkhis": "He was abandoned."
Technical note / Defect ('illah): We say: there is also disagreement over this narrator; Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid narrated it (from Muslim > from Abu Wa'il > from a man of his people > from Umar). If this chain is established, then there is also an "unnamed man" (whose name is not known) in the chain.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): We say: there is also disagreement over this narrator; Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid narrated it (from Muslim > from Abu Wa'il > from a man of his people > from Umar). If this chain is established, then there is also an "unnamed man" (whose name is not known) in the chain.
(1) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، مسلم الأعور - وهو ابن كيسان - قال الذهبي في "تلخيصه": مسلم تركوه. قلنا: واختُلف عليه أيضًا، فرواه جَرير بن عبد الحميد عنه عن أبي وائل عن رجل من قومه عن عمر، فإذا صحَّ ذلك كان في الإسناد رجل مبهم أيضًا.
Technical note / Preference: On the other hand, Sulayman al-A'mash (a trustworthy hafiz) went against Muslim al-A'war in this narration. He narrated the marfu' hadith (at the end of which silk brocade, silk and vessels of gold and silver are mentioned) from Abu Wa'il, from "Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman" (not from Umar). This is what is "sahih", as al-Daraqutni said in "al-Ilal" (189): "It is closer to being correct."
على أنَّ سليمان الأعمش الحافظ الثقة قد خالف فيه مسلمًا الأعور، فروى المرفوع الذي في آخره في الديباج والحرير وآنية الذهب والفضة، عن أبي وائل عن حذيفة بن اليمان، وهو الصحيح، فقد قال الدارقطني في "العلل" (189): هو أَولى بالصواب.
Important point: We say: this is further supported by the fact that this hadith is narrated from Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) through several routes (as will come), that he said it while he was in al-Mada'in, when a farmer brought him a silver vessel.
قلنا: ويؤيده وروده عن حذيفة من غير وجه كما سيأتي: أنه قاله وهو بالمدائن لما جاءه دهقانٌ بإناء من فضة.
Identification of the narrators: Abu al-Ahwas refers to "Sallam bin Sulaym", and Abu Wa'il refers to "Shaqiq bin Salamah".
أبو الأحوص: هو سلّام بن سُليم، وأبو وائل: هو شقيق بن سَلَمة.
Reference / Source: This narration is in "Musnad Musaddad", as in "al-Matalib al-Aliyah" (831).
وهو في "مسند مسدّد" كما في "المطالب العالية" (831).
Reference / Source: Ibn Asakir narrated it in "Tarikh Dimashq" (68/107) via Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid > Muslim al-Mula'i al-A'war > Abu Wa'il > a man of his people, who said: "We went on a military expedition with Umar …"
وأخرجه ابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 68/ 107 من طريق جرير بن عبد الحميد، عن مسلم الملائي الأعور، عن أبي وائل عن رجل من قومه، قال: غزونا مع عمر …
Reference / Source: The last, "marfu'" part of this hadith (mentioning silk, brocade, gold and silver) was recorded by Ibn Sa'd in "al-Tabaqat" (8/217) with the chain Affan bin Muslim > Abu al-Ahwas. In this part of the hadith Sulayman al-A'mash went against Muslim (al-A'war).
وأخرج منه آخره المرفوع في ذكر الحرير والديباج والفضة والذهب: ابن سعد في "طبقاته" 8/ 217 عن عفان بن مسلم، عن أبي الأحوص به. وخالف مسلمًا في هذا القدر من الحديث سليمانُ الأعمش:
Reference / Source: Thus al-Bazzar (2876, 2877, 2902), al-Husayn bin Isma'il al-Mahamili in "al-Amali" (in the transmission of Ibn Yahya al-Bayyi': 387), Ibn Hibban (5343), Abu Nu'aym in "al-Hilyah" (5/85) and al-Khatib in "Tarikh Baghdad" (13/368) narrated it through various routes from al-A'mash, from Abu Wa'il, from Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman. So al-A'mash counted it among the narrations of Hudhayfah (not of Umar).
فأخرجه البزار (2876) و (2877) و (2902)، والحسين بن إسماعيل المحاملي في "أماليه" برواية ابن يحيى البيّع (387)، وابن حبان (5343)، وأبو نُعيم في "الحلية" 5/ 85، والخطيب في "تاريخ بغداد" 13/ 368 من طرق عن الأعمش، عن أبي وائل عن حذيفة بن اليمان. فجعله من مسند حذيفة بن اليمان.
Grading: This narration is reported from Hudhayfah through several chains, so this is undoubtedly what is "sahih".
وقد رُوي عن حذيفة من غير وجه، فهو الصحيح بلا ريب:
Reference / Source: This hadith was recorded by Ahmad (38/23269), al-Bukhari (5426, 5632, 5633, 5831, 5837), Muslim (2607), Abu Dawud (3723), Ibn Majah (3414, 3590), al-Tirmidhi (1878), al-Nasa'i (6597, 6841, 6842, 9542) and Ibn Hibban (5343) via Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla; and also by Muslim (2067), al-Nasa'i (9542) and Ibn Hibban (5339) via Abd Allah bin Ukaym. Both of them (Ibn Abi Layla and Ibn Ukaym) narrate it from Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman.
Details of the narration: Some narrations clarify that Hudhayfah said this while he was in "al-Mada'in", when a "dihqan" (farmer / landowner) brought him a silver vessel for him to drink from.
Details of the narration: Some narrations clarify that Hudhayfah said this while he was in "al-Mada'in", when a "dihqan" (farmer / landowner) brought him a silver vessel for him to drink from.
فقد أخرجه أحمد 38 (23269)، والبخاري (5426) و (5632) و (5633) و (5831) و (5837)، ومسلم (2607)، وأبو داود (3723)، وابن ماجه (3414) و (3590)، والترمذي (1878)، والنسائي (6597) و (6841) و (6842) و (9542)، وابن حبان (5343) من طريق عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، ومسلم (2067)، والنسائي (9542)، وابن حبان (5339) من طريق عبد الله بن عُكيم كلاهما عن حذيفة بن اليمان. وعند بعضهم: أن حذيفة إنما قال ذلك لما جاءه دهقانٌ بالمدائن بإناء من فضة ليشرب فيه.
Grading: The prohibition of wearing silk and brocade and of drinking from vessels of gold and silver is also authentically ("sahih") established from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
Reference / Source: Al-Haytham bin Kulayb narrated it (as in Ibn Kathir's "Musnad al-Faruq" 151), and via him Diya' al-Din al-Maqdisi in "al-Ahadith al-Mukhtarah" (159) with the chain Ibn al-Munadi > Wahb bin Jarir > Shu'bah > Abu Bakr bin Hafs > Abd Allah bin Amir bin Rabi'ah, who said: "I was with Umar bin al-Khattab when Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) came in to him wearing a silk shirt. Umar said to him: Put this away from you (or he said: Take this off), for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever wears silk and brocade in this world will not wear it in the Hereafter, and whoever drinks from vessels of gold and silver in this world will not drink from them in the Hereafter." Ibn Kathir declared its chain "jayyid" (good).
Reference / Source: Al-Haytham bin Kulayb narrated it (as in Ibn Kathir's "Musnad al-Faruq" 151), and via him Diya' al-Din al-Maqdisi in "al-Ahadith al-Mukhtarah" (159) with the chain Ibn al-Munadi > Wahb bin Jarir > Shu'bah > Abu Bakr bin Hafs > Abd Allah bin Amir bin Rabi'ah, who said: "I was with Umar bin al-Khattab when Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) came in to him wearing a silk shirt. Umar said to him: Put this away from you (or he said: Take this off), for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever wears silk and brocade in this world will not wear it in the Hereafter, and whoever drinks from vessels of gold and silver in this world will not drink from them in the Hereafter." Ibn Kathir declared its chain "jayyid" (good).
على أنه قد صحَّ عن عمر بن الخطاب في النهي عن لبس الحرير والديباج وعن الشرب في آنية الذهب والفضة، فقد أخرج الهيثمُ بن كُليب كما في "مسند الفاروق" لابن كثير (151)، ومن طريقه أخرجه ضياء الدين المقدسي في "الأحاديث المختارة" (159) عن ابن المُنادي، عن وهب بن جَرِير، عن شعبة، عن أبي بكر بن حفص عن عبد الله بن عامر بن ربيعة قال شهدت عمر بن الخطاب دخل عليه عبد الرحمن بن عوف وعليه قميص من حرير، فقال له عمر: دَع هذا عنك، أو انزع هذا، فإنه ذكر يعني النبي ﷺ يقول: من لبس الحرير والديباج في الدنيا لم يلبسه في الآخرة، ومن شرب في آنية الذهب والفضة في الدنيا لم يشرب منها في الآخرة"، وجَوَّد إسناده ابن كثير.
Grading: The prohibition of wearing silk alone is also authentically ("sahih") established from Umar bin al-Khattab through another chain.
وصحَّ عن عمر بن الخطاب أيضًا في النهي عن لبس الحرير وحده من وجه آخر:
Reference / Source: Ahmad (1/269), Muslim (2069) and al-Nasa'i (9512, 11280) narrated it via Abd Allah bin al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam that Umar bin al-Khattab said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not wear silk, for whoever wears it in this world will not wear it in the Hereafter."
فقد أخرج أحمد 1 / (269)، ومسلم (2069)، والنسائي (9512) و (11280) من طريق عبد الله بن الزبير بن العوام، عن عمر بن الخطاب قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "لا "تلبسوا الحرير، فإنه من لبسه في الدنيا لم يلبسه في الآخرة".
Grading: It is also authentically ("sahih") established from Umar bin al-Khattab that when he went to Syria he drank "nabidh" after it had been cooked until two-thirds of it had gone and one-third remained. This is in the narration of Mahmud bin Labid, which Malik (2/847), and from him al-Shafi'i in "al-Umm" (7/446), reported.
وقد صحَّ عن عمر بن الخطاب أنه شرب النبيذ لدى دخوله الشام بعد أن طبخوه حتى ذهب منه الثلثان وبقي الثلث، كما في حديث محمود بن لبيد عنه عند مالك 2/ 847 وعنه الشافعي في "الأم" 7/ 446.
Grading: It is also authentically ("sahih") established from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he drank nabidh after diluting it with water two or three times. This is in the "mursal" narration of Sa'id bin al-Musayyab, recorded by Ibn Abi Shaybah (8/144) and al-Nasa'i (5196).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ibn Kathir said in "Musnad al-Faruq" (713): "Its chain is jayyid (good). Although Sa'id bin al-Musayyab did not hear from Umar everything he narrates from him, he is the most knowledgeable of the Successors about the days and rulings of Umar."
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ibn Kathir said in "Musnad al-Faruq" (713): "Its chain is jayyid (good). Although Sa'id bin al-Musayyab did not hear from Umar everything he narrates from him, he is the most knowledgeable of the Successors about the days and rulings of Umar."
وصحَّ عنه أيضًا أنه شرب النبيذ بعد أن كسره بالماء مرتين أو ثلاثًا، كما في مرسل سعيد بن المسيب عند ابن أبي شيبة 8/ 144، والنسائي (5196)، وقال ابن كثير في "مسند الفاروق" (713): إسناده جيد، وسعيد بن المسيب وإن كان لم يسمع كل ما رواه عن عمر، إلَّا أنه أعلم التابعين بأيام عمر وأحكامه.
Grading: It is also authentically ("sahih") established from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that some raisin nabidh was brought to him; he drank some of it and frowned (i.e. he sensed its strength), so he called for water, poured it into it, and then drank it. Hammam bin al-Harith narrated this from him (Ibn Abi Shaybah: 8/226), and its chain is "sahih".
وصحَّ عنه أنه أُتِيَ بنبيذ زبيب فشرب منه فقطّب فدعا بماء فصبَّه عليه، ثم شرب، كما رواه عنه همّام بن الحارث عند ابن أبي شيبة 8/ 226، وإسناده صحيح.
Grading: This statement of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) is also authentically ("sahih") established: "Drink this nabidh in these waterskins, for it strengthens the back and digests what is in the stomach, and it will not overpower you (intoxicate you) as long as you find water (to dilute it with)." Nafi' bin Abd al-Harith narrated it in Ibn Abi Shaybah (8/228) with a "sahih" chain as well.
وصحَّ عنه أنه قال: اشربوا هذا النبيذ في هذه الأسقية، فإنه يقيم الصُّلْب ويهضم ما في البطن، وإنه لم يغلبكم ما وجدتم الماء. كما رواه عنه نافع بن عبد الحارث عند ابن أبي شيبة 8/ 228 بسند صحيح أيضًا.
Note: On this subject, be sure to see the discussion of al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar in "Fath al-Bari" (17/227-228).
وانظر لزامًا كلام الحافظ ابن حجر في "فتح الباري" 17/ 227 - 228.
Grading: It is also authentically ("sahih") established that when Umar came to Syria, a dihqan offered him food. Aslam, the mawla of Umar, narrated this, and it is in Abd al-Razzaq (1610, 1611), Ibn Abi Shaybah (8/291, 13/41), al-Bukhari's "al-Adab al-Mufrad" (1248), Ibn al-Mundhir's "al-Awsat" (769) and al-Bayhaqi (7/268).
Details of the narration: In this narration Umar said to him: "We do not enter your churches because of the images (statues) that are in them."
Details of the narration: In this narration Umar said to him: "We do not enter your churches because of the images (statues) that are in them."
وقد صحَّ كذلك تقديم الدهقان طعامًا لعمر بن الخطاب لمّا قدم الشام، كما رواه أسلم مولى عمر عنه، عند عبد الرزاق (1610) و (1611)، وابن أبي شيبة 8/ 291 و 13/ 41، والبخاري في "الأدب المفرد" (1248)، وابن المنذر في "الأوسط" (769)، والبيهقي 7/ 268. وفيه: أنَّ عمر قال له: إنا لا ندخل كنائسكم من أجل الصور التي فيها.
Grading: It is also authentically ("sahih") established, from the "mursal" narration of Mujahid, that when Umar came to Syria he accepted the dihqan's invitation. Ahmad narrated it in "al-Zuhd" (662).
Details of the narration: In it the dihqan invited Umar and his companions, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the people: "Whoever of you wishes may accept his invitation," and he himself said to the dihqan: "Send me two loaves of bread and one dish of your food," and he did so.
Details of the narration: In it the dihqan invited Umar and his companions, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the people: "Whoever of you wishes may accept his invitation," and he himself said to the dihqan: "Send me two loaves of bread and one dish of your food," and he did so.
وصحَّ أيضًا من مرسل مجاهد إجابةُ عمر لما قدم الشام لدعوة الدِّهقان عند أحمد في "الزهد" (662)، وفيه أنه دعا عمر بن الخطاب وأصحابه، وأنَّ عمر قال للناس: من شاء منكم فليُجبه، وقال له: ابعث إليَّ برغيفين ولون واحدٍ من طعامك، ففعل.
