المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
شهادة حمزة رضى الله عنه جنبا وغسل الملائكة له
Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred in a state of janabah and the angels washed him
Hadith Number: 4945
حدثني ابو علي الحافظ، اخبرنا احمد بن محمد بن عمر بن بسطام المروزي، حدثنا احمد بن سيار ومحمد بن الليث قالا: حدثنا رافع بن اشرس المروزي، حدثنا حفيد الصفار، عن إبراهيم الصائغ، عن عطاء، عن جابر عن النبي ﷺ قال:"سيد الشهداء حمزة بن عبد المطلب، ورجل قام إلى إمام جائر، فامره ونهاه فقتله" (1). صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4884 - الصفار لا يدرى من هو
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4884 - الصفار لا يدرى من هو
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The chief of the martyrs is Hamzah bin Abd al-Muttalib, and a man who stood up before a tyrannical ruler and enjoined him to do good and forbade him from evil, and then that ruler killed him (in retribution for speaking the truth)."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
تخریج الحدیث: «حديث حسن، وهذا إسناد ضعيف لجهالة حُفيد الصفَّار، فإنه لا يُدرى من هو، كما قال الذهبي في "تلخيصه"، لكن تابَعَه حكيم بن زيد المروزي، وهو حسن الحديث إن شاء الله، فقد روي عنه جمع من الثقات، وقال عنه أبو حاتم صالح شيخ، وكان قاضي مرو، ولا يُعرف وجهُ قول الأزدي ...» [ترقيم الرساله 4945] [ترقيم الشركة 4912] [ترقيم العلميه 4884]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 4945 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Grading: (1) This hadith is "hasan",
Technical note / Defect ('illah): although this present chain is weak because of "Hufayd al-Saffar", since it is not known who he is (he is majhul), as al-Dhahabi said in the "Talkhis".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: But "Hakim bin Zayd al-Marwazi" corroborated him, and he is "hasan al-hadith", if Allah wills; a group of thiqah narrators narrated from him, Abu Hatim called him "salih, a shaykh", and he was the judge of Marw. So there is no understandable reason for (Imam) al-Azdi's saying about him "fihi nazar" (he is questionable), and at another time "matruk al-hadith"!!
Details of the narration: Moreover, another route of this hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) has passed at no. (2589), in which Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) is mentioned but not "the man killed by the unjust ruler"; but that route is also weak. In any case, the best (amthal) of the routes from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) is that of "Hakim bin Zayd".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): although this present chain is weak because of "Hufayd al-Saffar", since it is not known who he is (he is majhul), as al-Dhahabi said in the "Talkhis".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: But "Hakim bin Zayd al-Marwazi" corroborated him, and he is "hasan al-hadith", if Allah wills; a group of thiqah narrators narrated from him, Abu Hatim called him "salih, a shaykh", and he was the judge of Marw. So there is no understandable reason for (Imam) al-Azdi's saying about him "fihi nazar" (he is questionable), and at another time "matruk al-hadith"!!
Details of the narration: Moreover, another route of this hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) has passed at no. (2589), in which Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him) is mentioned but not "the man killed by the unjust ruler"; but that route is also weak. In any case, the best (amthal) of the routes from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) is that of "Hakim bin Zayd".
(1) حديث حسن، وهذا إسناد ضعيف لجهالة حُفيد الصفَّار، فإنه لا يُدرى من هو، كما قال الذهبي في "تلخيصه"، لكن تابَعَه حكيم بن زيد المروزي، وهو حسن الحديث إن شاء الله، فقد روي عنه جمع من الثقات، وقال عنه أبو حاتم صالح شيخ، وكان قاضي مرو، ولا يُعرف وجهُ قول الأزدي فيه: فيه نَظَر، وقوله مرةً: متروك الحديث!! على أنَّ لحديث جابر هذا طريقًا أخرى تقدَّمت برقم (2589) بذكر حمزة دون الذي يقتلُه الإمامُ الجائر، لكن تلك الطريق ضعيفة، وأمثل طرقه عن جابر طريق حكيم بن زيد.
Technical note / Narrator identification: Ibrahim al-Sa'igh (in the chain) is "Ibn Maymun", and 'Ata' is "Ibn Abi Rabah".
إبراهيم الصائغ: هو ابن ميمون، وعطاء: هو ابن أبي رباح.
Reference / Source: Muhammad bin Makhlad al-'Attar narrated it in "Muntaqa Hadithih": (37), al-Tabarani in "al-Mu'jam al-Awsat": (918), and al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in "Tarikh Baghdad": 6/557 and 7/406, through two routes from Hakim bin Zayd al-Marwazi, from Ibrahim bin Maymun al-Sa'igh, with this chain.
Note / Clarification: However, al-Tabarani mentioned "'Ikrimah" in place of 'Ata' in his narration, which is a mistake.
Note / Clarification: However, al-Tabarani mentioned "'Ikrimah" in place of 'Ata' in his narration, which is a mistake.
وأخرجه محمد بن مخلد العطار في "منتقى حديثه" (37)، والطبراني في "الأوسط" (918)، والخطيب في "تاريخ بغداد" 6/ 557 و 7/ 406 من طريقين عن حكيم بن زيد المروزي، عن إبراهيم بن ميمون الصائغ، به. إلّا أنَّ الطبراني ذكر في روايته عكرمة بدل عطاء وهو خطأ.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: A supporting report (shahid) for this hadith is the hadith of Sayyiduna Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) in al-Tabarani's "al-Awsat": (4079), Abu Nu'aym's "Musnad Abi Hanifah": p. 187 and Ibn 'Asakir's "Tarikh Dimashq": 35/416, via al-Hasan bin Rushayd, from Imam Abu Hanifah, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).
ويشهد له حديثُ ابن عباس عند الطبراني في "الأوسط" (4079)، وأبي نعيم في "مسند أبي حنيفة" ص 187، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 35/ 416 من طريق الحسن بن رُشيد، عن أبي حنيفة، عن عكرمة عن ابن عبّاس.
Reference / Source: This narration is also in Ibn 'Abd al-Barr's "al-Tamhid": 13/54-55, 'Abd al-Khaliq bin Asad's "al-Mu'jam": (2), Abu Tahir al-Silafi's "Mu'jam al-Safar": (573) and al-Rafi'i's "Akhbar Qazwin": 4/11,
Technical note / Defect ('illah): but they added a man between al-Hasan bin Rushayd and Abu Hanifah, namely "Abu Muqatil Hafs bin Salm al-Samarqandi", who is weak. However, al-Hasan bin Rushayd stated explicitly, with Ibn 'Asakir, that he heard directly from Abu Hanifah, and he is counted among his students, and the chain up to him is strong; but al-Dhahabi described al-Hasan bin Rushayd himself as somewhat weak (talyin) in "al-Mizan".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): but they added a man between al-Hasan bin Rushayd and Abu Hanifah, namely "Abu Muqatil Hafs bin Salm al-Samarqandi", who is weak. However, al-Hasan bin Rushayd stated explicitly, with Ibn 'Asakir, that he heard directly from Abu Hanifah, and he is counted among his students, and the chain up to him is strong; but al-Dhahabi described al-Hasan bin Rushayd himself as somewhat weak (talyin) in "al-Mizan".
وهو كذلك عند ابن عبد البر في "التمهيد" 13/ 54 - 55، وعبد الخالق بن أسد في "معجمه" (2)، وأبي طاهر السِّلفي في "معجم السفر" (573)، والرافعي في "أخبار قزوين" 4/ 11، لكنهم زادوا الحسن بن رُشيد وبين أبي حنيفة رجلًا هو أبو مقاتل حفص بن سَلْم السمرقندي، وهو ضعيف، إلّا أنَّ الحسن بن رُشيد صرَّح عند ابن عساكر بسماعه من أبي حنيفة وهو معدود في أصحابه، والإسناد إليه قويٌّ، ولكن الحسن بن رشيد هذا ليَّنه الذهبي في "الميزان".
