المستدرك على الصحيحين
Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذكر شهادة ابن الخطاب
The martyrdom of Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Hadith Number: 5076
حدثنا بذلك ابو عبد الله بن بطة، حدثنا الحسن بن الجهم، اخبرنا الحسين ابن الفرج، عن محمد بن عمر، قال: حدثني الجحاف بن عبد الرحمن من ولد زيد بن الخطاب، عن ابيه، قال: كان زيد بن الخطاب يحمل راية المسلمين يوم اليمامة، وقد انكشف المسلمون حتى غلبت حنيفة على الرجال، فجعل زيد بن الخطاب يقول: اما الرجال فلا رجال، واما الرجال فلا رجال، ثم جعل يصيح باعلى صوته: اللهم إني اعتذر إليك من فرار اصحابي، وابرا إليك مما جاء به مسيلمة ومحكم (1) ابن الطفيل، وجعل يشتد بالراية يتقدم بها في نحر العدو، ثم ضارب بسيفه، حتى قتل رحمة الله عليه، ووقعت الراية فاخذها سالم مولى ابي حذيفة، فقال المسلمون: يا سالم، ايخاف ان نؤتى من قبلك؟ فقال: بئس حامل القرآن انا إن اتيتم من قبلي. وقتل زيد بن الخطاب سنة اثنتي عشرة من الهجرة (2).
Al-Jahhaf bin Abd al-Rahman, who is among the descendants of Zayd bin al-Khattab, narrates from his father that on the day of Yamamah, Sayyiduna Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was carrying the banner of the Muslims. At that time the Muslims had lost their footing, until the people of Banu Hanifah gained the upper hand. Then Zayd bin al-Khattab began to call out: "As for the brave, no brave one (who stands firm) remains; as for the men, no man remains." Then he called out at the top of his voice: "O Allah! I apologise to You for the flight of my companions, and I declare my innocence before You of what Musaylimah and Muhakkam bin al-Tufayl have brought (of sedition and disbelief)." Then he plunged with the banner into the heart of the enemy and kept fighting with his sword until he was martyred; may Allah have mercy on him. When the banner fell, Salim, the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah, took hold of it. The Muslims said: O Salim! Should we fear that (defeat) will come from your side? He replied: "What a bad bearer of the Qur'an I would be if you were attacked (by the enemy) from my side (that is, if I proved weak)!" Sayyiduna Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred in the year 12 AH.
تخریج الحدیث: «إسناده ضعيف لجهالة الجَحَّاف بن عبد الرحمن ولإعضالِه، وقد رُوي منه قصة سالم مولى أبي حذيفة بإسناد آخر … على جهالة في بعض رجاله كذلك، فلم ينفرد به محمد بن عمر وهو الواقدي - واستشهادُ زيد بن الخطاب يوم اليمامة مشهور.» [ترقيم الرساله 5076] [ترقيم الشركة 5038]
Takhrij and Tahqiq of Hadith No. 5076 of Al Mustadrak ala al‑Sahihayn
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
by Shaykh Adil Murshid, Dr. Ahmad Barhoum, Dr. Muhammad Kamil Qarah Balli and Dr. Sa'id al-Lahham
Hadith-science notes and terminology
Technical note / Correction: In the manuscripts available to us the word "Muhallim" (with lam) is distorted; the correct word is "Muhakkam" (with kaf), whether the kaf is doubled or single, as al-Suhayli pointed out in "al-Rawd al-Unuf".
(1) تحرّف في نسخنا الخطية: محلم، باللام بدل الكاف، وإنما هو محكم، بالكاف المشددة أو المخففة كما نبَّه عليه السُّهيلي في "الروض الأنف".
Grading: This chain is weak.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reasons for its weakness: (1) the narrator al-Jahhaf bin Abd al-Rahman is majhul (unknown), and (2) the chain is "mu'dal" (that is, two or more consecutive narrators are missing from the chain). The story of Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah is also narrated through another chain, but some of its narrators are likewise unknown; however, Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi is not alone in narrating it.
Important point: In any case, the martyrdom of Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) in the Battle of al-Yamamah is a well-known historical event.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reasons for its weakness: (1) the narrator al-Jahhaf bin Abd al-Rahman is majhul (unknown), and (2) the chain is "mu'dal" (that is, two or more consecutive narrators are missing from the chain). The story of Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah is also narrated through another chain, but some of its narrators are likewise unknown; however, Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi is not alone in narrating it.
Important point: In any case, the martyrdom of Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) in the Battle of al-Yamamah is a well-known historical event.
(2) إسناده ضعيف لجهالة الجَحَّاف بن عبد الرحمن ولإعضالِه، وقد رُوي منه قصة سالم مولى أبي حذيفة بإسناد آخر … على جهالة في بعض رجاله كذلك، فلم ينفرد به محمد بن عمر وهو الواقدي - واستشهادُ زيد بن الخطاب يوم اليمامة مشهور.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd narrated it in "al-Tabaqat al-Kubra" (3/ 350) from Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi with this same chain.
وأخرجه ابن سعد في "طبقاته الكبرى" 3/ 350 عن محمد بن عمر الواقدي، به.
Reference / Source: From this event, the story of Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah was narrated by Abd Allah bin al-Mubarak in "Kitab al-Jihad" (118); and by way of him, Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi in "Mu'jam al-Sahabah" (1053), Ahmad bin Abd al-Wahid al-Maqdisi in "Fadl al-Jihad wa al-Mujahidin" (33), and Ibn al-Athir in "Usd al-Ghabah" (2/ 156), from Ibrahim bin Hanzalah bin Abi Sufyan, from his father, that: "It was said to Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah on that day concerning the banner...", and then he mentioned the full narration.
Details of the narration: It contains some additions that are not in al-Waqidi's narration.
Technical note: (The narrator) Hanzalah is from the Atba' al-Tabi'in (the generation after the Successors), and no one narrates from his son Ibrahim except Abd Allah bin al-Mubarak and Yahya bin Sulaym al-Ta'ifi. Ibn Hibban mentioned him (Hanzalah) in "al-Thiqat".
Details of the narration: It contains some additions that are not in al-Waqidi's narration.
Technical note: (The narrator) Hanzalah is from the Atba' al-Tabi'in (the generation after the Successors), and no one narrates from his son Ibrahim except Abd Allah bin al-Mubarak and Yahya bin Sulaym al-Ta'ifi. Ibn Hibban mentioned him (Hanzalah) in "al-Thiqat".
وأخرج منه قصةَ سالم مولى أبي حذيفة عبدُ الله بن المبارك في "الجهاد" (118)، ومن طريقه أخرجه أبو القاسم البغوي في "معجم الصحابة" (1053)، وأحمد بن عبد الواحد المقدسي في "فضل الجهاد والمجاهدين" (33)، وابن الأثير في "أسد الغابة" 2/ 156 عن إبراهيم بن حنظلة بن أبي سفيان، عن أبيه: أنَّ سالمًا مولى أبي حذيفة قيل له يومئذٍ في اللواء … فذكره بزيادات ليست في رواية الواقدي، وحنظلة هذا من أتباع التابعين وابنه إبراهيم لم يرو عنه غير ابن المبارك ويحيى بن سليم الطائفي، وذكره ابن حبان في "الثقات".
Reference / Source: The report that Zayd bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred on the day of al-Yamamah at the hands of "Abu Maryam al-Hanafi" is narrated from Muhammad bin Sirin in Abu 'Ubayd al-Qasim bin Sallam's "Fada'il al-Qur'an" (p. 193) and in Khalifah bin Khayyat's "Tarikh" (p. 108).
Grading: Its chain up to Ibn Sirin is "sahih", but this narration is "mursal".
Grading: Its chain up to Ibn Sirin is "sahih", but this narration is "mursal".
ورُوي استشهاد زيد بن الخطاب باليمامة على يد أبي مريم الحنفي عن محمد بن سيرين عند أبي عبيد القاسم بن سلام في "فضائل القرآن" ص 193، وخليفة بن خياط في "تاريخه" ص 108، وإسناده إلى ابن سيرين صحيح لكنه مرسلٌ.
